1. Fig. 22-1, p.350

2. Fig. 22-1, p.351

3. Fig. 22-2, p.352 microsporidians FUNGI amoeboid ancestors zygote fungisac fungiclub fungi chytrids

4. Fig. 22-4, p.353

5. Fig. 22-5, p.354

6. Fig. 22-3, p.352

7. Fig. 22-7, p.355 stalk The end club-shaped cell becomes a diploid (2n) zygote when its two nuclei fuse. Club-shaped cells, each dikaryotic (n + n), form at the margins of mushroom gills. nuclear fusion meiosis cytoplasmic fusion hyphae of mycelium Spores are released. Diploid Stage Haploid Stage spore (n) gill After nuclear fusion, the 2n cell undergoes meiosis and bears four haploid spores at its tips. sexual spore (n) at gill margin After cytoplasmic fusion, new cells of the mycelium have two nuclei (n + n). Spore-bearing mushrooms form from this mycelium. Each germinating spore gives rise to a hypha that grows and becomes a branching mycelium. cap

8. Fig. 22-8, p.356

9. Fig. 22-9, p.357

10. Fig. 22-10, p.357

11. Table 22-1, p.359

12. Fig. 22-12, p.359