1. GOES-R Program Calibration and Validation Robert A. Iacovazzi, Jr.* (1), Edward C. Grigsby (1), Steve Goodman (2), Changyong Cao (3), Jaime Daniels (3), and Kathleen McIntyre (1) NASA (1), NOAA/NESDIS/GOES-R (2), and NOAA/NESDIS/STAR (3) E-mail-Robert.A.Iacovazzi@nasa.gov Physical Address - NASA GSFC, Code 410.0, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 PRE-LAUNCH INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION and L1B ALGORITHM DEVELOPMENT Government Validation of Vendor Cal Testing GOES-R Flight Project and Calibration Working Group (CWG) Give feedback regarding vendor cal test plans and readiness Analyze vendor cal test reports for fidelity US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Support design of Système international d'unités (SI) traceable calibrations of ABI and EXIS Establish SI-traceability to primary standards through NIST supported testing Independently validate mission-critical component performance, e.g., SRF Review vendor cal plans and test setups to ensure they meet NIST best practices Laboratory Instrument Calibration (Cal) Verify instrument cal and product requirements are satisfied Determine values of semi-static L1b algorithm input parameters Ensure instrument performance is well understood and documented Radiometric Characterization & Calibration Spectral Response Function (SRF) Image Navigation & Registration Spatial Resolution & Response Response linearity and dynamic range Signal-to-Noise, NEDN, and Coherent Noise Radiometric repeatability to a stable and uniform scene Irradiance to radiance transfer (VNIR) External/Internal calibration target comparison (TIR) Polarization (VNIR) Optical and electronic cross talk In-flight electronic calibration Blooming Quantization step size Hot, marginal and dead pixels Envelope Uniformity over the focal plane detector array Out-of-band response Uncertainty Inference of possible SRF shifts System-level and integrated component-level consistency Navigation (including star sensing) Frame-to-frame, within frame, swath-to-swath, and channel-to- channel registration System modulation transfer function Spatial response uniformity (e.g., response vs. scan angle) Ringing from a sharp edge Near and far field scatter Ghosting Pointing knowledge Instrument manufacturers design and perform cal tests, and this table lists cal-related ABI testing carried out by Exelis. L1b Tiger Team Mandate Proactively identify and mitigate risks associated with implementing L1b algorithms L1b Tiger Team Meetings Instr. Vendor L1b Dev Gov’t Instr Manager Gov’t CWG/Flight L1b Validaton L1b Alg and Test Data and RFA Responses Portal RFA & RFA Responses L1b Alg Reviews and RFA Gov’t GS Manager L1b Alg and Test Data and RFA Responses RFA & RFA Responses L1b Alg and Test Data and RFA Responses L1b algorithm implementation process (RFA – Request for Action) Key L1b Algorithm Quality Assurance Evaluate L1b algorithm completeness Identify, track, and resolve L1b algorithm issues Assess Ground Segment vendor L1b algorithm implementation Develop instrument calibration data and product metadata definitions GS Vendor L1b Implem On-Board Cal DevicesVicarious TargetsSpace-based Inter-Calibration ABI IR Cal (NEDT[@300K]: 0.1K all but 13.3  m, 0.3K for 13.3  m ) – Blackbody VNIR Cal (SNR 300:1 @ 100% Albedo) - Solar Diffuser Self-Emission - Space View Electronics Linearity - Electronic Stimulus VNIR Cal - Moon, Stars, Deserts, Test Sites, Deep Convective Clouds (DCCs), Rayliegh Scattering, etc. MTF, B2B Reg - Moon VNIR/IR Cal - GEO and LEO Imagers Spectral Cal – Hyperspectral Sounders GLM NoneResponse Cal - DCCs, Deserts, Sun-glintResponse Cal - GEO and LEO Imagers EXIS Response Linearity - Light Sources Dark Measurements and Flatfields - Off-point Mechanism Electronics Linearity - Electronic Stimulus Response Flatfield - SunResponse Cal – GEO Solar Sensors SUVI Aliveness - Light Source Dark Measurements and Flatfields - Off-point Mechanism Out-of-band Rejection - Glass/Analysis Filters Electronics Linearity - Electronic Stimulus Response Flatfield - SunResponse Cal - EXIS and other GEO Solar Sensors (e.g., SDO/EVE) SEISS Electronics Linearity - Electronic StimulusNoneResponse Cal – GEO Particle Sensors MAG Electronics Linearity - Electronic StimulusNoneResponse Cal - GEO Mag Sensors POST-LAUNCH CALIBRATION/VALIDATION (CAL/VAL) GOES-R observatory on-orbit cal/val assets Calibration – Processes to transform raw GOES-R instrument data into L1b measurements … the fundamental building blocks for all L2+ products. Validation - Provides user confidence that GOES-R data can be used for their intended purpose, e.g., weather forecasting or numerical weather prediction. Example comparison between GOES-R CWG and Vendor cal test analyses: Ratio of CWG to Exelis cal coefficients for ABI reflective channels. Before (left) and after (right) Government-Vendor reconciliation of scan mirror reflectance value used in ABI test data analysis. Post-Launch Testing (PLT) Cal/Val Validate that instrument cal and product performance supports a system that meets its intended purpose in its intended environment as outline in the GOES-R Concept of Operations Resolve instrument cal and product performance anomalies to the degree possible as they arise Create a “state-of-the-cal” snapshot for long-term instrument/product performance trending GOES-13 Hemispheric Image Tiles Product quality evaluation Ch. 2Ch. 3Ch. 5Ch. 4 On-board calibration system evaluation Determine and Correct Scan- Angle Dependent Radiance ( e.g., Beaucom et al., Proceedings of SPIE, 1999 ) Instrument Noise, Blackbody Temp and Cal Slope Monitoring GOES-13 eclipse season stray light before fix (left) and after fix (right) (Courtesy of J. Paul Douglas, OSPO) On-orbit calibration and L1b anomaly resolution GOES-10 Ch. 4A