1. Shoguns and Samurais

2. 700 C.E. Japan built a new Capital
Nara - for the next 100 years it is known as the Nara Period

3. NARA looked like a copy of the Chinese Capital Changan
But Smaller

4. Nara had broad streets and large public squares.

5. Todai-Ji Great Buddha Hall in Nara

6. And Shinto Shrine

7. Nara Japan has a lot of Chinese influences through out the city

8. Write this down. Nara Capital Chinese Buddhist Shinto Architecture
1. The city of ________ became the new __________ of Japan. 2. The ___________ culture became a major influence in the city. 3. The city has ___________ temples and ________ shrines throughout. 4. The Chinese influence is seen in the ________________ and ___________.
Capital
Chinese
Buddhist
Shinto
Architecture
Religion

9. The Emperor’s Government
Japanese emperors added to the changes begun by Prince Shotoku
They organized the government officials by rank. Emperor gave jobs to people in powerful families and they can pass it down to their son. For their service they received large estates and Farms.

10. Nobles Estates
The Emperor gave Nobles farmers to farm the land

11. Emperor’s Power came from his control of the land and its crops.
>Japan had a Census, a counting of the population. >People paid taxes in rice and silk cloth. >Men had to serve in the Army

12. Write this down. Nobles Families Farms Farmers Census Rice Silk Cloth
5. Emperors would pick _________ from powerful __________ to help govern. 6. Nobles would be given _______ and __________ to work the land. 7. A counting of the population is called a _________. 8. Taxes were paid to the emperor with ______ and ____________. 9. Men had to serve in the _______.
Families
Farms
Farmers
Census
Rice
Silk Cloth
Army

13. Buddhism Spreads in Japan
As the government grew strong, Buddhism became more popular in Japan.
Buddhism came to Japan from Korea
500 C.E

14. Buddhism Spreads
Japanese government officials and nobles were the first to accept the new Religion.
C.E. Buddhism spread to the common people.

15. Buddhism Spreads
Soon Buddhism became a major religion in Japan and played a major role in the government

16. Buddhism Spreads
Buddhism became more powerful and now there was opposition to the religion and now the fighting starts for control of the government

17. Buddhism Spreads
Instead of fighting with the Buddhist the emperor left Nara and all the Buddhist monks

18. Write this down Japan Korea Nobles Common people Religion Government
10. Buddhism came to _______ from _________. 11. ________ were the first to embrace Buddhism then the _________________. 12. Buddhism became a major ________ in Japan and it became a part of the _______________. 13. Eventually __________ grew between the Buddhist and the Shintoist.
Korea
Nobles
Common people
Religion
Government
Conflict

19. the government weakens
794 C.E. Emperor Kammu move the capital to Heian, later was called Kyoto.
Just like Nara a lot of Chinese influence found

20. The Government Weakens
800 C.E. Emperors power declines. Why? After a time of strong Emperors, a number of weak emperors came to power. Many were children
Many Had Regents – people who rule for someone too young or too sick.

21. Government Weakens
Emperors grew up and the regents would not give up their power. Most regents came from the Fujiwara Clan
Under the Fujiwara Emperors were honored but did not rule instead the emperors studied Buddhism. Or wrote poetry in their palace at Heian

22. Fujiwara
Fujiwara gained wealth and nobles gained land. Japan gained more territory and to keep everyone happy nobles stopped paying taxes and peasants had to pay more

23. Write this down! Nara Heian Strong Weak Children Young Regents
14. Emperor Kammu moved the capital from _______ to ________. 15. Emperors went from _________ to ________ many were ___________. 16. Many Emperors were too __________ and they had __________ to help rule. 17. These regents were from the __________ clan. 18. Fujiwara grew to great ________.
Nara
Heian
Strong
Weak
Children
Young
Regents
Fujiwara
Power

24. These warriors were called SAMURAI
Who Were The Samurai
To protect the land and enforce law, Nobles formed private armies. They gave land to Warriors in return protection
These warriors were called SAMURAI

25. Samurais
Samurais fought on horseback with swords, daggers, bows and arrows. Their armor was leather with steel scales threaded together with silk cords.
Helmets had horns or crest with scary masks.

26. Samurai Code
Samurai means “to Serve” and Samurais live by a strict code called the Bushido “the way of the warrior”.
The Code demanded them to be loyal to their master
They have to be brave, courageous, honorable and not care about wealth

27. Samurai code
Samurai would rather die than betray their lord or being captured. The loyalty of the Japanese lasted all the way to Kamikaze pilots of WWII.

28. Write this down! Warriors Samurais Land Horseback Swords Bows Bushido
19. Nobles needed protection so they hired ___________ called ___________ Samurais were given _______. 21. Samurais fought on _____________ with ________, daggers, ______ and Arrows. 22. Samurais follow a code called __________ and they will serve their ________. 23. Samurais would rather _____than disgrace the code.
Warriors
Samurais
Land
Horseback
Swords
Bows
Bushido
Master
Die

29. The Rise of the Shogun
Japan’s local government and the Emperors became dominated by Military Rulers called Shoguns.

30. What is a Shogun?
By 1100 C.E. the most powerful families begun fighting each other using their Samurai armies. They fought for land and to gain control over the emperors government

31. Gempei War
This war was between the 2 most powerful families, the Taira Clan and the Minamoto Clan. Minamoto beat Taira in a sea battle near Shikoku island.

32. Minamoto Yoritomo He was the commander of the Minamoto Clan.
The Emperor from the Yamato family was worried the Minamoto Family would try to replace them. So they rewarded Yoritomo to keep him loyal to the Yamato Clan.

33. Write this down! Shoguns Clans Samurai Taira Minamoto Minamoto
24. Military Leaders were called ______________. 25. By 1100 C.E. powerful _______ started to fight against each other with ___________ armies clans fought, _______ against ______________ and the ____________ won. 27. ____________ was commander of the Minamoto clan.
Shoguns
Clans
Samurai
Taira
Minamoto
Minamoto
Yoritomo

34. The 1st SHOGUN
1192 the emperor gave the title of SHOGUN to Yoritomo. Shogun means commander of all of the emperors military forces.

35. 2 Governments Emperor decided to set up 2 governments
1 in Heian with Emperor in charge
Second in Kamakura led by the Shogun
It was Known as a Shogunate
A government run by the Shogun and Military rule.
It will last for 700 years

36. Yoritomo
Was a ruthless ruler, killed most of his family because he feared they would over throw him.

37. Yorimoto and the Shoguns after him.
Appointed high ranking Samurais to Govern the provinces, collect taxes, and keep the peace.
The Samurai bound by oath and loyalty to the Shogun. They became the leading group in Japan.

38. Write this down! Yoritomo Shogun 2 Heian Kamakura Shogunate Ruthless
28. The Yamato rewarded _____________ with the title of ___________. 29. The Emperor set up _ governments 1 in __________ and 1 in _____________. 30. Kamakura was controlled by Yoritomo and was called ____________. 31. Yoritomo was a __________ ruler. 32. Shoguns appointed ____________ to govern the province, collect _________, and Keep the ________.
Shogun 2
Heian
Kamakura
Shogunate
Ruthless
Samurais
Taxes
Peace

39. The Mongols Attack! Led by Kublai Khan
Kamakura Shogunate greatest challenge was when the Mongols invaded Japan in 1274 and 1281.
Led by Kublai Khan

40. The Mongols Attack
Kublai Khan sent out ships and warriors to invade Japan but the Mongols were defeated by the violent Pacific storms.

41. The Mongols Attack
The storms smashed the Mongols ships and the troops that made it ashore were easily defeated by the Japanese

42. Typhoons
Japanese named the mighty TYPHOONS – KAMIKAZES which means “divine wind” to honor the Spirits that saved the island .

43. Kamikazes
During WWII Japanese Pilots took the name because of the sacrifice to protect the island.

44. Write this down! Kublai Khan Mongol Mongols Storms Smashed Defeated
33. _______________ was the emperor of the ___________ empire. 34. In 1274 and 1281 the _________ invaded Japan. On their way they hit violent _______. 35. Mongol Ships were __________ , the boats and troops that made it were ___________ by the Japanese. 36. The ____________ were named ____________ which means “divine _______” 37. Japanese WWII Pilots were named ______________ .
Mongol
Mongols
Storms
Smashed
Defeated
Typhoons
Kamikazes
Wind
Kamikazes

45. The Daimyo Divide Japan
Kamakura Shogunate ruled Japan until C.E.. Many Samurais grew resentful, land kept getting divided between the Samurais and it was getting smaller and smaller. Their loyalty to the Shogun weakened.

46. Emperor rebells against the Shogun
>The Samurais help the emperor with the rebellion and the revolt was a success. The emperor did not gain total control and the loyalty of the Samurai because he did not give them more land.

47. Ashikaga Takauji
Was a general who turned against the Emperor and named himself Shogun in Ashikaga shogunate began.

48. Ashikaga Shoguns
Proved to be weak and revolts broke out across Japan. Soon the country was divided into small territories and controlled by military lords called daimyo (DY•mee•OH).

49. The daimyo pledge loyalty
To the emperor and the shogun. However they ruled their land like a small kingdom. To protect their lands the daimyo had samurai armies.

50. Write this down! Respect Shoguns Emperor Kamakura Shogunate Ashikaga
38. Samurais started to lose __________ towards the ___________. 39. Samurais aided the ___________ in a revolt against the ________________________. 40. The revolt was successful but the emperor did not gain control, ____________ _________ made himself Shogun. 41. He proved himself to be _______. Japan broke into _______ territories. 42. They were controlled by the _________. they pledge loyalty to the _________ and the___________.
Shoguns
Emperor
Kamakura Shogunate
Ashikaga
Takauji
Weak
Small
Daimyo
Emperor
Shoguns

51. Samurais became vassals
To the Daimyo and they pledge loyalty to the Daimyo and serve in times of war. In return the daimyo gave them land. The bond of loyalty between lord and vassal is Feudalism.

52. The 10 Year Onin War
Japan’s Warriors fought each other from Heian, the capital, is now Kyoto, was almost completely destroyed. They burned temples and palaces as they passed through.

53. 100 years after the war
Japan tried to unite the country under 1 ruler. They continued to fight Shoguns and daimyo but they were too weak to overcome and rule.

54. Write this down! Loyalty Feudalism Onin 10 Samurais Heian 100 Shoguns
43. The Samurai pledge _________ to the daimyo. This bond between lord and vassal is called ____________. 44. The _______ war lasted ___ years and Japan’s ____________ fought for control. The city of ________ was almost completely destroyed. 45. For the next _____ years __________ and __________ fought for control of Japan none were strong enough to unite the country.
Feudalism
Onin 10
Samurais
Heian
100
Shoguns
Daimyo