1. Opening – Middle – Closing Texture in Mark 12:28-34 Lecture by Vernon K. Robbins Either left click or push the right arrow on your keyboard to proceed to the instructions on the next slide. Produced by Sam Bradford

2. INSTRUCTIONS** (1) If your computer has the audio turned on with the volume high enough so you hear beeps, etc., you will hear audio as soon as you open a new slide. If the audio on your computer is turned off, push the audio button to turn it on or get someone to help you to get the audio properly functioning on your computer. You will not hear the audio if you simply downloaded the Power Point without the audio clips that are included in the folder. (2) You may pause audio at any time with a right click on the mouse and resume audio with a left click (with the arrow outside the menu box that appears). (3) A few slides include a statement “No Audio” to let you know they have been included only for you to read what is on the slide. There is no audio with such slides. (4) When the audio on a slide is completed, left click once, or perhaps twice, (or right arrow once or twice) to proceed to the next slide. (5) You can always go back to a previous slide and audio by pushing the left arrow two or more times on your keyboard. (6) Left click (or right arrow) to the next slide right now. When the slide opens, audio will begin and you can experiment with turning audio on and off. **TO MAKE A COPY OF THESE INSTRUCTIONS, PUSH THE “ESC” KEY, CLICK FILE/PRINT AND PRINT PAGES 2-3.

3. Practicing How to Turn Audio On and Off (1) You should be hearing audio right now. Right click to stop the audio. Then left click (with arrow outside the menu box) to start it again. (2) Try it again! Right click to stop the audio. Then left click (with arrow outside the menu box) to start it again. Going Back to Hear Audio Again (1) Push the left arrow until you go back to the previous slide, then left click (or right arrow) to come back here again. (2) When you are here the second time, left click (or right arrow) once or twice to proceed to the next slide and audio.

4. Opening – Middle – Closing Texture in Mark 12:28-34 Lecture by Vernon K. Robbins Produced by Sam Bradford

5. Review of Socio-Rhetorical Terms click links to explore Socio-Rhetorical terms Opening-Middle-Closing Texture: Opening-Middle-Closing Texture: SR online dictionary definition SR online dictionary definition SR audio files Inner Texture: Inner Texture: SR online dictionary definition SR online dictionary definition SR audio files SR audio files Narrational Texture: Narrational Texture: SR online dictionary definition SR online dictionary definition SR audio files SR audio files No Audio

6. Mark 12:28-34 Story of the Scribe FOR YOU TO READ, IF YOU WISH 28 One of the scribes came near and heard them disputing with one another, and seeing that he answered them well, he asked him, ‘Which commandment is the first of all?’ 28 One of the scribes came near and heard them disputing with one another, and seeing that he answered them well, he asked him, ‘Which commandment is the first of all?’ 29 Jesus answered, ‘The first is, “Hear, O Israel: the Lord our God, the Lord is one; 29 Jesus answered, ‘The first is, “Hear, O Israel: the Lord our God, the Lord is one; 30 you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.” 30 you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.” 31 The second is this, “You shall love your neighbour as yourself.” There is no other commandment greater than these.’ 31 The second is this, “You shall love your neighbour as yourself.” There is no other commandment greater than these.’ No Audio

7. Story of the Scribe continued FOR YOU TO READ, IF YOU WISH 32 Then the scribe said to him, ‘You are right, Teacher; you have truly said that “he is one, and besides him there is no other”; 32 Then the scribe said to him, ‘You are right, Teacher; you have truly said that “he is one, and besides him there is no other”; 33 and “to love him with all the heart, and with all the understanding, and with all the strength”, and “to love one’s neighbour as oneself”,—this is much more important than all whole burnt- offerings and sacrifices.’ 33 and “to love him with all the heart, and with all the understanding, and with all the strength”, and “to love one’s neighbour as oneself”,—this is much more important than all whole burnt- offerings and sacrifices.’ 34 When Jesus saw that he answered wisely, he said to him, ‘You are not far from the kingdom of God.’ After that no one dared to ask him any question. 34 When Jesus saw that he answered wisely, he said to him, ‘You are not far from the kingdom of God.’ After that no one dared to ask him any question. No Audio

8. Guidelines for Formatting Interpretations Passage involving someone questioning Jesus Passage involving someone questioning Jesus Set up into columns of Opening – Middle – Closing of Text Set up into columns of Opening – Middle – Closing of Text (keep in mind there can be OMC to any one section) Strategy: Determine Opening and Closing before the Middle Strategy: Determine Opening and Closing before the Middle Open to Interpretation!! Open to Interpretation!!

9. Interpretation 1: Scribe as center of attention 28 One of the scribes came near and heard them disputing with one another, and seeing that he answered them well, he asked him, ‘Which commandment is the first of all?’ 29 Jesus answered, ‘The first is, “Hear, O Israel: the Lord our God, the Lord is one; 30 you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.” 31 The second is this, “You shall love your neighbour as yourself.” There is no other commandment greater than these.’ 32 Then the scribe said to him, ‘You are right, Teacher; you have truly said that “he is one, and besides him there is no other”; 33 and “to love him with all the heart, and with all the understanding, and with all the strength”, and “to love one’s neighbour as oneself”,—this is much more important than all whole burnt-offerings and sacrifices.’ 34 When Jesus saw that he answered wisely, he said to him, ‘You are not far from the kingdom of God.’ After that no one dared to ask him any question. OPENING MIDDLE CLOSING

10. Interpretation 1 continued: opening –middle – closing of the middle OPENING: 32 Then the scribe said to him, MIDDLE: ‘You are right, Teacher; you have truly said that “he is one, and besides him there is no other”; 33 and “to love him with all the heart, and with all the understanding, and with all the strength”, and “to love one’s neighbour as oneself”,— CLOSING: this is much more important than all whole burnt-offerings and sacrifices.’

11. Summary View of Interpretation 1 28 One of the scribes came near and heard them disputing with one another, and seeing that he answered them well, he asked him, ‘Which commandment is the first of all?’ 29 Jesus answered, ‘The first is, “Hear, O Israel: the Lord our God, the Lord is one; 30 you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.” 31 The second is this, “You shall love your neighbour as yourself.” There is no other commandment greater than these.’ 32 Then the scribe said to him, ‘You are right, Teacher; you have truly said that “he is one, and besides him there is no other”; 33 and “to love him with all the heart, and with all the understanding, and with all the strength”, and “to love one’s neighbour as oneself”,—this is much more important than all whole burnt-offerings and sacrifices.’ 34 When Jesus saw that he answered wisely, he said to him, ‘You are not far from the kingdom of God.’ After that no one dared to ask him any question. OPENING MIDDLE CLOSING Implications: Emphasis on the scribe, the middle section Surrounded by question to and answer from Jesus

12. Interpretation 2: Jesus’ answer as center 28 One of the scribes came near and heard them disputing with one another, and seeing that he answered them well, he asked him, ‘Which commandment is the first of all?’ 29 Jesus answered, ‘The first is, “Hear, O Israel: the Lord our God, the Lord is one; 30 you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.” 30 you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.” 31 The second is this, “You shall love your neighbour as yourself.” There is no other commandment greater than these.’ 31 The second is this, “You shall love your neighbour as yourself.” There is no other commandment greater than these.’ 32 Then the scribe said to him, ‘You are right, Teacher; you have truly said that “he is one, and besides him there is no other”; 33 and “to love him with all the heart, and with all the understanding, and with all the strength”, and “to love one’s neighbour as oneself”,— this is much more important than all whole burnt-offerings and sacrifices.’ 33 and “to love him with all the heart, and with all the understanding, and with all the strength”, and “to love one’s neighbour as oneself”,— this is much more important than all whole burnt-offerings and sacrifices.’ 34 When Jesus saw that he answered wisely, he said to him, ‘You are not far from the kingdom of God.’ After that no one dared to ask him any question. OPENINGMIDDLECLOSING

13. Interpretation 2 continued OMC divisions to the Opening section and Closing section: OMC divisions to the Opening section and Closing section:OPENING: O- One of the scribes came near NARRATION M- and heard them disputing with one another and seeing that he answered them well, JESUS C- he asked him, “Which commandment is the first of all? SCRIBE CLOSING: O- 32 Then the scribe said to him, ‘You are right, Teacher; you have truly said that “he is one, and besides him there is no other”; SCRIBE 33 and “to love him with all the heart, and with all the understanding, and with all the strength”, and “to love one’s neighbour as oneself”,—this is much more important than all whole burnt-offerings and sacrifices.’ 33 and “to love him with all the heart, and with all the understanding, and with all the strength”, and “to love one’s neighbour as oneself”,—this is much more important than all whole burnt-offerings and sacrifices.’ M- 34 When Jesus saw that he answered wisely, he said to him, ‘You are not far from the kingdom of God.’ JESUS C- After that no one dared to ask him any question. NARRATION Closing structure is an inversion of the opening structure in terms of speaker Closing structure is an inversion of the opening structure in terms of speaker Relation to Wisdom Rhetorolect, Emphasis on Jesus’ answer to the scribe Relation to Wisdom Rhetorolect, Emphasis on Jesus’ answer to the scribe

14. Interpretation 3: lesson of loving your neighbor as center 28 One of the scribes came near and heard them disputing with one another, and seeing that he answered them well, he asked him, ‘Which commandm ent is the first of all?’ 29 Jesus answered, ‘The first is, “Hear, O Israel: the Lord our God, the Lord is one; 30 you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.” 30 you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.” 31 The second is this, “You shall love your neighbour as yourself.” There is no other commandment greater than these.’ 31 The second is this, “You shall love your neighbour as yourself.” There is no other commandment greater than these.’ 32 Then the scribe said to him, ‘You are right, Teacher; you have truly said that “he is one, and besides him there is no other”; 33 and “to love him with all the heart, and with all the understanding, and with all the strength”, and “to love one’s neighbour as oneself”,—this is much more important than all whole burnt-offerings and sacrifices.’ 33 and “to love him with all the heart, and with all the understanding, and with all the strength”, and “to love one’s neighbour as oneself”,—this is much more important than all whole burnt-offerings and sacrifices.’ 34 When Jesus saw that he answered wisely, he said to him, ‘You are not far from the kingdom of God.’ After that no one dared to ask him any question. OPENING MIDDLE CLOSING

15. Progressive Texture in Interpretations 2 and 3 “scribes came near [not far]” to Jesus  coming near the Kingdom of God Getting closer, but not yet entering the kingdom of God, by engaging Jesus Repetitive TextureRepetitive Texture: repetition of “Lord” and “God” Repetitive Texture Does not occur until Middle and Closing, only when scribe is near to Jesus  Theological Progression Interpretation 2: Builds in length or crescendos into final conclusion Interpretation 3: Balance in Opening and Closing, Climatic Middle

16. Good Form! You have reached the end of the lesson studying the various interpretations of Opening-Middle- Closing Texture in Mark 12:28-34 You have reached the end of the lesson studying the various interpretations of Opening-Middle- Closing Texture in Mark 12:28-34 Have a lovely day! Have a lovely day!