1. Introduction to Android

2. Outline Android Basics Activity and Services
Background
Setup Environment
Architecture Diagram
Activity and Services
Function, Lifecycle, Coding Assignment
Content Providers and SQLite Databases
Android Intents
Intent Objects, Intent Resolution, Intent Filters
Building User Interfaces
References

3. Android Basics -Background
October 2008: First Android version API L1.0
October 2013: Last Android version API L19.0
December 2013: ~4000 Android capable models
December 2013: 800 Million active Android users

4. Android Basics - Setup Environment
Download Android Developer Tools (ADT)
Open Android Developer Tools (ADT)
Create an empty Android Project
Sit together in teams such that everyone has an ADT screen in front.

5. Android Basics - Architecture Diagram

6. Activity and Services - What are the functions of an activity?
Interact in most case with user
Usually applications have several activities
Each is implemented as a subclass of base Activity class
Creates the window to place UI
setContentView(R.layout.home_activity);
Methods      
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState); // initialize
protected void onStart(); //activity visible
protected void onRestart(); //before activity becomes visible
protected void onResume(); // activity visible after being paused
protected void onPause(); // another activity becomes visible
protected void onStop(); // activity not visible
protected void onDestroy(); // cleanup and destroy activity

7. Activity and Services - What is the lifecycle of an activity?

8. Activity and Services - Coding Assignment (5 min)
Start Android Developer Tools
Create a new Project with one Activity
Define all six methods in that activity

9. Activity and Services - What are the functions of a service?
Runs in the background – what does it mean?
Each is implemented as a subclass of base Service class
Examples – Music, TCP, REST, and other long running operations…
Methods
public void onCreate() // initialize
public void onStartCommand() // started
public void onBind() // activity to service communication
public void onDestroy() // cleanup resources
public void stopService() // stop service

10. Activity and Services - Service - Function
Services must be declared in AndroidManifest.xml
<service
android:name=“path.to.MyAppService" </service>
Remember to update the string resource file!

11. Activity and Services - What is the service lifecycle?
Does a Service have Lifecycle?
Arguably no, since there is no interaction with the user, internally yes.
Who can start a service?
Services, Receivers, and Activities
How do you start a service?
Intent i= new Intent(getApplicationContext, MyAppService.class);
i.putExtra(“key", “value");
getApplicationContext.startService(i);

12. Activity and Services - Coding Assignment (5 min)
Create a Service class
Add 5 methods
Start that Service through the Activity and pass a key/value pair
Print out value/pair using activity on console

13. Activity and Services - Questions
What are the four layers of the Android Architecture Stack?
What is the function of an activity?
What are the four states of an activity?
What are the six methods that change the state of an activity?
What is a Service?
What are the 5 methods that implement a service?
What is the difference between Activity and Service?
Who can start service?

14. Content Providers and SQLite Databases
What if your app should open your X-Ray scan result.
Why data persistence on Android necessary?
Faster access to locally stored data
Less internet traffic Less power consumption
Application works offline
Increased data privacy

15. Content Providers and SQLite Databases
Both integrated into every Android device
Both return a cursor object referencing to the result set
Content Providers
Visibility: Can be shared with other applications.
An API which exposes databases to other apps.
Access to phone databases (contacts, location,…)
SQLite Database (
Visibility: Only to application that created it.
Open-source (
Standard-compliant (ISO/IEC 9075)

16. Content Providers and SQLite Databases - SQLite Database Steps
Create database if not created
Within database create set of table schemas if not created
Open database connection
Insert, Delete, or Update table
Commit (sometimes)
Close database connection

17. Content Providers and SQLite Databases - Content Provider
Content Resolver Query
mCursor = getContentResolver().query(     UserDictionary.Words.CONTENT_URI,   // The content URI of the words table     mProjection,                      // The columns to return for each row     mSelectionClause             // Selection criteria – WHERE col = ?     mSelectionArgs,                // Selection criteria – Argument list     mSortOrder);                     // The sort order by cols for the returned rows
Content Resolver Query Example
Cursor phones = getContentResolver().query( ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI, null, null, null, null);
Find Johm Smith!
mSelectionClause=ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.DISPLAY_NAME +" = "+ ?
mSelectionArgs=“John Smith”

18. Content Providers and SQLite Databases - Questions
What are the benefits of using Android-based persistence?
What is the main difference between and SQLite database and Content Provider?
What are six common SQL steps to successfully access data in database?

19. Content Providers and SQLite Databases - Coding Assignment
Create a SQLite table ‘patient’ on your phone with two columns (ID, Patient Name)
Using the Content Provider get all contacts from your phone book with following criteria and store them in the ‘patient’ table
Display name starts with letter ‘a’ or ‘A’
Phone number has CT area code 860
Sorted in alphabetical order of display name

20. Android Intents - http://developer. android
START/FINISH
Activity
Explicit
Service
Intent
Activity
Implicit
Service
BROAD
CAST MSG

21. Android Intents App 1 App 1 App 2 Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 2

22. Android Intents - Example
Intent intent = new Intent(Actvitity1.class, Activity2.class); startActivity(intent) ; Intent intent = new Intent (Intent.ACTION_DIAL, Uri.parse(“ ”); startActivity(intent) Which is the implicit/explicit activity start? Native Android Actions: ACTION_CALL, ACTION_DIAL, ACTION_ANSWER etc. About 17 activity actions, plus a number of broadcast actions. What are examples for Native Android Broadcast?

23. Android Intents – Broadcast Example
Acvitity A registerReceiver(uiUpdated, new IntentFilter(“BROADCASTNAME")); private BroadcastReceiver uiUpdated = new BroadcastReceiver() public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { ArrayList<ContactVO> cList = intent.getParcelableArrayListExtra("data"); render(cList);}}; Activity B Intent i = new Intent("BROADCASTNAME"); i.putParcelableArrayListExtra("data", cListNew); sendBroadcast(i);

24. Android Intents - Questions
What are the 5 tasks of an intent?
Can you explicitly start an activity in the same app?
Can you explicitly start an activity in a different app?
What are examples for implicitly starting an activity?
How does this relate to the PHA app?

25. Android Intents - Coding Assignment
Create two activities a and b
Start activity b with a
In activity b send a broadcast message
Activity a listens to the broadcast and prints it
Can you think of a scenario where this simple example is very useful?

26. Building User Interfaces - Fundamentals UI Design
Views (or controls/widgets)
Base class for all visual interface elements
View Groups
Extends views and contains multiple child views
Manage layout of child view
Fragments (Android 3.0/API level 11)
Encapsulate portions of the UI layout
Activities
Window that interacts with user.

27. Building User Interfaces - Assign UI to Activity

28. Building User Interfaces - Introducing Layouts
FrameLayout
Most basic, pins each child view within frame.
ListView Layout
View group that displays a list of scrollable items.
LinearLayout
Aligns each child element along an vertical or horizontal line.
RelativeLayout
Most flexible. Aligns child view relative to others.
GridLayout (Android 4.0/API level 14)
Rectangular Grid

29. Building User Interfaces - Introducing Layouts

30. Building User Interfaces - Defining Layouts

31. Building User Interfaces - Defining Layouts
You can define the layout using:
XML
Programmatically (Java Code)

32. Building User Interfaces - Code Review

33. Building User Interfaces – Coding Assignment
Go through the patient database code and run it using ADT emulator.
Go through the patient user interface list code run it using ADT emulator
Combine code of 1. and 2. to save every newly added patient directly in the database

34. Building User Interfaces - Group Coding Exercise
Goal
Create layouts based on templates
Work with data inputs
Listen to user events
Update activity screen
Spend time to read the PHA code

35. Building User Interfaces - Layout – Activity Pair
R.Java
Layout Generates
Used by Activity
Layout
Activity

36. Building User Interfaces - Sample calculator design
etNum1
etNum2
btnAdd
btnDiv
btnSub
btnMult
tvResult

37. Building User Interfaces - Coding Assignment
Add a tip calculator function that adds 15% to the sum of the value of both fields.

38. References http://developer.android.com/training/index.html
Professional Android 4 Application Development (Reto Meier, 2012)