1. Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology – NIST Nanotechnology R&D at NIST Robert Celotta, Director The Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology NIST – TEDCO Showcase April 8, 2008 (For further information see: http://cnst.nist.gov) Photo courtesy HDR Architecture, Inc./Steve Hall Copyright Hedrich Blessing

2. Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology – NIST 2 Outline NIST at a Glance The New Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology –The Nanofab –The Research Program Quick Tour of Nanotechnology throughout NIST

3. Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology – NIST 3 The NIST Laboratories

4. Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology – NIST 4 CNST Mission and Structure Mission: To enable the development of nanotechnology –Provides both research and access to facilities –Works to solve outstanding nanoscale measurement and fabrication problems Structure: The CNST consists of a Research Program and the CNST Nanofab –The Nanofab A national facility offering convenient and economical access to expensive nanoscale measurement and fabrication tools. –The Research Program Multidisciplinary research staff operates in a highly collaborative mode

5. Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology – NIST 5 Advanced Measurement Laboratory CNST leverages the facilities of the AML – arguably the world’s most advanced laboratory – for its nanotechnology research.

6. Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology – NIST 6 The CNST Nanofab is well equipped and expanding See cnst.nist.gov for details

7. Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology – NIST 7 Research Program Developing measurement capabilities for: –Future Electronics Devices, architectures, interconnects –Nanomanufacturing and Nanofabrication Top-down and bottom-up fabrication and assembly –Energy Conversion, storage, and transport Complementary to and interactive with strong, existing NIST Laboratory programs Areas of concentration will, of necessity, change with needs

8. Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology – NIST 8 Core Competences Atomic Scale Characterization and Manipulation –Fabrication and measure the geometric and electronic structure of materials with atomic resolution using a UHV cryogenic/high magnetic field scanning tunneling microscope system. Directed Assembly –Fabrication and study the effects of templating structures on the organization of nanoscale materials and their resultant properties. Laser-Atom Manipulation –Laser control of atomic motion is used to develop new nanofabrication and nanoscale measurement methods. Nanomagnetic Imaging (SEMPA) –Use of spin polarized electrons generated in a scanning electron microscope to image magnetic structures over a large magnification range. Measurements are sensitive to less than a monolayer of magnetic material. Nanophotonics –Study of nanofabricated optical structures that confine light to wavelength-scale dimensions and to investigate light- matter interactions with near-field probing and microphotoluminescence setups. Nanoscale Transport –Device fabrication and photo-electrical probing of electronic and ionic transport properties of thin-film materials and nanoscale objects equipped with probe station, cryostats, air/ liquid /high-vacuum STM/cAFM. Nanoplasmonics –Design and nanofabrication of metal-based photonic components and metamaterials which exploit subwavelength confinement of light, for applications in information processing, metrology, and microscopy. Nanomagnet Dynamics –Fabrication and measurement of magnetization dynamics of magnetic nanostructures. Microwave spectroscopy techniques yield precise information on material and structure properties at the nanoscale NEMs, MEMs, Nanoscale Process Control (Coming soon) +

9. Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology – NIST 9 Highlights: Molecular Spintronics –Used nanoscale pore in Si wafer –One molecule thick layer of self assembled molecules –Observed vibrational energies of molecular states Laser-based Nanotube Cleanup –Purifies raw nanotube material –Reduces carbon impurities, e.g., graphite, soot, etc. –Does not destroy tubes Nanoscale Pores Provide Analysis –Detects and sorts different sized polymer chains –Uses a lipid bilayer membrane –Pore size ~ 1.5 nm –Current flow indicates chain size

10. Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology – NIST 10 Highlights: Nanotechnology Research Recognized with two Nano 50 Awards –Scanning Electron Microscopy –Scatterfield Optical Microscopy First Results Reported for Helium Ion Microscopy –New instrument has been installed –Study of imaging process has begun

11. Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology – NIST 11 Highlights: Nanowire Device Fabrication Method Demonstrated –Nanowires grown on sapphire wafer in specific locations and directions –Gold deposits used as nucleation points –Zinc Oxide nanowires grown to create 600 nanowire based transistors Nanoelectronic Switch Demonstrated –Uses self-assembled layers of organic molecules –Silver atoms quickly assemble to form conduction path –Growth provides nanoscale binary switch SWNT Interaction with Polarized Light Studied –DNA stretching alignment method used –First experimental verification of optical response –Joint with Physics Lab and RIT

12. Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology – NIST 12 Highlights: New Hybrid Microscope Developed –Scanning Photoionization Microscopy (SPIM) –High spatial resolution –Electrical sensitivity from low energy electron detection Highly Charged Ions Used to Study GMR/TMR –Insulating buffer layer modified by xenon +44 ions –Device incorporates both GMR and TMR effects High Speed Nanoscale Vibrations Measured –The 40 MHz NEM vibrations observed –Offers potential of 500-fold increase in STM speed

13. Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology – NIST 13 Highlights: “Fossilized Liquid Assembly” –Components self assemble freely in liquid –UV light exposure polymerizes a monomer –Allows the study of the self assembly process Carbon Nanotube Tools –Carbon “nanoknife” stretched between two tungsten needles –Could be applied to slice individual cells Rapid Method for Judging Nanotube Purity –Uses simple quartz crystal apparatus –Resonance frequency change on heating –Gauges consistency of samples

14. Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology – NIST Nanotechnology R&D at NIST Robert Celotta, Director The Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology NIST – TEDCO Showcase April 8, 2008 (For further information see: http://cnst.nist.gov) Photo courtesy HDR Architecture, Inc./Steve Hall Copyright Hedrich Blessing

15. Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology – NIST 15 Using the CNST Nanofab The Nanofab is a nanofabrication and nanoscale measurement facility –Based on highly successful NNIN Nanocenter model –Fee based, shared use Open to all users –NIST site access restrictions apply Fees are based on operating costs –Similar to the full cost recovery fees of the NNIN-NSF Nanocenters External users may apply to have a portion of their fee waived –For research supportive of CNST goals –Net charges similar to NNIN-NSF “academic” rates The Nanofab will train users in tool use –Alternatively, the process can performed by a process engineer at an additional cost User can maintain IP rights under certain circumstances For information about use of the Nanofab –Contact Dr. Alex Liddle (alex.liddle@nist.gov),