1. Student Literacy Skills for Post-Secondary Success Texas Transition Conference 2013 Presented by Sharon Rutherford ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 1

2. literacy /ˈlɪt(ə)rəsi/ noun: the ability to read and write/ˈlɪt(ə)rəsi/ ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 2 Oxford Dictionaries http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/literacy http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/literacy

3. Literacy = Communication ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 3 Listening Speaking Reading Writing

4. Essential Components of Reading Instruction Early Literacy Oral Language Alphabetic Code Print Knowledge/ Concepts Conventional Literacy Comprehension Fluency Vocabulary Phonics Phonemic Awareness ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 4 National Early Literacy Panel (2005); National Reading Panel (2000)

5. Children’s Literature 1960 -2000 Dick and Jane Dr. Seuss Sesame Street Beverly Cleary Judy Blume Where the Wild Things Are Polar Express Harry Potter The Stinky Cheese Man Diary of a Wimpy Kid ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 5

6. Youth Literature 1960 -2000 Fahrenheit 451 (Bradbury) 1984 (Orwell) Animal Farm (Orwell) Romeo and Juliet (Shakespeare) Great Expectations (Dickens) Edgar Allen Poe Old Man and the Sea (Hemingway) Maya Angelou To Kill a Mockingbird (Lee) The Hunger Games (Collins) Twilight (Meyer) The Hobbit (Tolkien) ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 6

7. High School Textbooks ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 7

8. Today’s Literature and Textbooks ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 8

9. Literacy = Communication ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 9 Listening Speaking Reading Writing

10. How we teach writing… Planning Drafting RevisingEditing Publishing ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 10 Organization/ Progression Use of Language/ Conventions Development of Ideas The Writing Process

11. How students write… ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 11 Computer Facebook Twitter Laptop Texting Email Skype QR codes

12. Who are today’s students?

13. The Mindset List for the Class of 2016 “This year’s entering college class of 2016 [most of them born in 1994] was born into cyberspace and they have therefore measured their output in the fundamental particles of life: bits, bytes, and bauds. They have come to political consciousness during a time of increasing doubts about America’s future, and are entering college bombarded by questions about jobs and the value of a college degree.” ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 13 Beloit College, The Mindset List http://www.beloit.edu/mindset/2016/ http://www.beloit.edu/mindset/2016/

14. Who are today’s students? They have always lived in cyberspace, addicted to a new generation of “electronic narcotics” and they watch television everywhere but on a television. They have never needed an actual airline “ticket,” a set of bound encyclopedias, or Romper Room. They have lived in an era of instant stardom and self-proclaimed celebrities, famous for being famous. History has always had its own channel. ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 14 Beloit College, The Mindset List http://www.beloit.edu/mindset/2016/ http://www.beloit.edu/mindset/2016/

15. Who are today’s students? Since they've been born, the United States has measured progress by a 2% jump in unemployment and a 16 cent rise in the price of a first class postage stamp. Despite being preferred urban gathering places, two-thirds of the independent bookstores in the United States have closed for good during their lifetimes. They are probably the most tribal generation in history and they despise being separated from contact with friends. ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 15 Beloit College, The Mindset List http://www.beloit.edu/mindset/2016/ http://www.beloit.edu/mindset/2016/

16. Skills for Workplace Success 1970 Reading Writing Arithmetic 1990 SCANS Foundation skills Workplace competencies 2010 Academic foundations “Soft skills” Technology ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 16

17. SCANS 1990 Secretary’s Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills Basic Skills Thinking Skills Personal Qualities Foundation Skills Resources Interpersonal Skills Information Systems Technology Workplace Competencies ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 17

18. Today, it is not just about literacy, but, "learning literacy,“ not just about literacy skills, but, "literacy habits,“ not just about lifelong learning, but, it is a "learning lifestyle.“ David Warlick, Literacy & Learning in the 21st Century http://davidwarlick.com/wordpress/ http://davidwarlick.com/wordpress/ ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 18

19. Defining Literacy (2003) – Part I National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL) Task-based (conceptual) definition Literacy is the ability to use printed and written information to function in society, to achieve one's goals, and to develop one's knowledge and potential. ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 19 National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL) http://nces.ed.gov/naal/fr_definition.asp http://nces.ed.gov/naal/fr_definition.asp Search, comprehend, and use information

20. Literacy Tasks National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL) Prose tasks Search, comprehend, and use information from continuous texts such as news articles and instructional materials Document tasks Search, comprehend, and use information from non-continuous texts such as job applications, maps, and food labels Quantitative tasks Identify and perform computations using numbers embedded in printed materials ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 20 National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL) http://nces.ed.gov/naal/fr_definition.asp http://nces.ed.gov/naal/fr_definition.asp

21. Defining Literacy (2003) – Part II National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL) Skills-based (operational) definition Successful use of printed material is a product of two classes of skills: word-level reading skills and higher level literacy skills ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 21 Text search skills Inferential skills Basic reading skills Application skills Language skills Computation identification skills Computation performance skills National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL) http://nces.ed.gov/naal/fr_definition.asp http://nces.ed.gov/naal/fr_definition.asp

22. “Literacy can be thought of as a currency in this society. Just as adults with little money have difficulty meeting their basic needs, those with limited literacy skills are likely to find it more challenging to pursue their goals.” ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 22 Adult Literacy in America (NCES)

23. How do we respond as educators? Focus our attention on building literacy skills from the beginning of a child’s educational experience ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 23 Post-HS Reading to Learn PreK124567891011123 Learning to Read

24. How do we respond as educators? ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 24 “For a student in elementary or middle school, the ARD committee understands that instructional and assessment decisions made now may impact a student’s graduation options when he or she is in high school.” STAAR Modified/Alternate Participation Requirements Ensure that instructional and assessment decisions at the early grades consider the impact on student expectations and opportunities for the future.

25. How do we respond as educators? ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 25 “ Modified coursework results in the student graduating on the Minimum High School Program (MHSP). Students who graduate on the MHSP are not eligible for automatic admission into a Texas four-year university. ” STAAR Modified/Alternate Participation Requirements Ensure that instructional and assessment decisions in high school do not compromise the student’s access to future educational opportunities

26. How do we respond as educators? Know and understand the educational standards for Texas students ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 26 TEKS PreK Guidelines ELPSCCRS TEA, Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills http://www.tea.state.tx.us/index2.aspx?id=6148

27. How do we respond as educators? ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 27 Ensure that students are receiving maximum access to the grade-level/course curriculum, instruction, and assessment with appropriate supports and accommodations. With or without accommodations STAAR Modified TEKS- based instruction STAAR Modified Prerequisite skills STAAR Alternate

28. How do we respond as educators? ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 28 Know what is assessed on the STAAR assessments Readiness Standards vs. Supporting Standards Process Skills Comprehension skills (TEKS Figure 19) Genres of printed text Literary genres (fiction, non-fiction, poetry, drama) Informational genres (expository, persuasive, procedural) Media literacy

29. How do we respond as educators? Prepare students to take ownership of their own education and future success Start transition planning as early as possible to help students Develop self-determination skills Develop self-advocacy skills Develop disability awareness ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 29

30. How do we respond as educators? Involve students in the development of the IEP Work with students to develop attainable yet challenging goals for now and in the future Ensure that students know how their interests, preferences, strengths, and limitations impact their post-secondary goals and expectations ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 30

31. How do we respond as educators? Involve students in determining the types of supports and accommodations they need to be successful in multiple environments, including the use of assistive technology Teach students how to use technology as a tool for learning and working Teach students to use information and resources with integrity and fidelity ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 31

32. How do we respond as educators? Help student’s plan a course of study designed to build knowledge and skills for the 21st Century workplace Provide high school experiences that relate directly to the student’s vision and goals for the future Help the student make connections to services after high school that will allow maximum access to post-secondary education and employment ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 32

33. Continue to develop conventional literacy and communication skills, and… ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 33 Listening (Receptive) Speaking (Expressive) Reading Writing

34. Develop the skills needed to search, comprehend, and use information ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 34

35. “Today's workplace demands more than competency in the three R's. Employers want a new kind of employee with a broad set of skills, or at least a strong foundation in the basics, in order to facilitate learning on the job.” ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 35 Geralyn McClure Franklin, Stephen F. Austin State University

36. Thank you for your participation today! Sharon Rutherford ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas srutherford@esc11.net 817-740-7574 ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 36 For more information about transition planning in Texas, visit the Transition in Texas Transition in Texas website www.transitionintexas.org www.transitionintexas.org

37. References and Resources National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) A First Look at the Literacy of America’s Adults in the 21st Century http://nces.ed.gov/NAAL/PDF/2006470.PDF http://nces.ed.gov/NAAL/PDF/2006470.PDF Education Statistics Quarterly-Vol. 7 Issues 1&2 http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=20 06614 http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=20 06614 Adult Literacy in America http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=93 275 http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=93 275 ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 37

38. References and Resources Texas Workforce Commission, Labor Market and Career Information (LMCI) Texas Reality Check http://www.texasrealitycheck.com/ http://www.texasrealitycheck.com/ Workplace Basic Skills: Employer Demands and Worker Preparation http://www.lmci.state.tx.us/shared/PDFs/BYN-2009- web.pdf http://www.lmci.state.tx.us/shared/PDFs/BYN-2009- web.pdf ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 38

39. References and Resources National Collaborative on Workforce and Disability (NCWD) Workforce Development http://www.ncwd- youth.info/workforce-developmenthttp://www.ncwd- youth.info/workforce-development Literacy and Learning for the 21st Century, David Warlick, 2009 http://davidwarlick.com/colearners/?page_id=198 http://davidwarlick.com/colearners/?page_id=198 Basic Skills Deficiencies at Work: Perceptions of Small and Large Employers; Geralyn McClure Franklin, Stephen F. Austin State University http://www.sbaer.uca.edu/research/sbida/1993/PDF /03.pdf http://www.sbaer.uca.edu/research/sbida/1993/PDF /03.pdf ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 39

40. References and Resources Reach Higher, America: Overcoming Crisis in the U.S.Workforce; Report of the National Commission on Adult Literacy, June 2008 http://www.nationalcommissiononadultliteracy. org/report.html http://www.nationalcommissiononadultliteracy. org/report.html Tough Choices or Tough Times, New Commission on the Skills of the American Workforce (NCEE) http://www.skillscommission.org/ http://www.skillscommission.org/ Achieve Texas – Programs of Study http://www.achievetexas.org/POS_Covers.htm http://www.achievetexas.org/POS_Covers.htm ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 40

41. References and Resources US Department of Labor, Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP) Skills to Pay the Bills: Mastering Soft Skills for Workplace Success http://www.dol.gov/odep/topics/youth/softskills/ http://www.dol.gov/odep/topics/youth/softskills/ Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Money Smart for Young Adults http://www.fdic.gov/consumers/consumer/money smart/young.html http://www.fdic.gov/consumers/consumer/money smart/young.html ESC Region XI Fort Worth, Texas 41