1. 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 1 2 345

2. What is an element?

3. A substance composed of a single kind of atom.

4. What is a compound?

5. Two or more elements combined so that the elements no longer have distinct properties.

6. Name the scale that ranks ten minerals from softest to hardest.

7. Mohs hardness scale.

8. What 4 questions are used to determine if something is a mineral?

9. 1.Naturally occurring 2.Inorganic 3.Solid 4. Crystal structure

10. In a streak test, what is the streak?

11. Color of the mineral’s powder.

12. How a mineral reflects light from its surface is called _______.

13. Luster

14. What is the formula for density?

15. D= mass/volume

16. Compare and contrast cleavage and fracture.

17. Cleavage refers to when a mineral splits easily along a flat surface. Fracture describes how a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way.

18. What is molten material from the mantle that hardens to form rock.

19. magma

20. Define lava.

21. Magma that reaches the surface.

22. What are the 7 properties that we use to determine which mineral is which?

23. 1.Color 2. Streak 3. Luster 4. Density 5. Hardness 6. Special Properties 7. Cleavage and fracture

24. The size, shape, and pattern of the rock’s grains is called_______.

25. Texture

26. What are the 2 categories of metamorphic rocks?

27. Folliated Non-folliated

28. What are the three groups into which geologists classify rocks?

29. Igneous metamorphic sedimentary

30. Name and describe the two types of igneous rock.

31. Extrusive- igneous rock formed from lava that erupted onto Earth’s surface. Intrusive- igneous rock that formed when magma hardened beneath Earth’s surface.

32. What is the most abundant intrusive rock that is in the part of the crust that makes up the continents?

33. granite

34. What is the most common type of extrusive rock?

35. basalt

36. What is the difference between composition and texture?

37. Composition is the minerals that make up the rock. Texture is the arrangement, size and shape of the minerals.

38. What is the difference between coarse grained and fine grained?

39. Coarse- grains are large and easy to see Fine- grains are too small and can only be seen with a microscope.

40. Make an inference and then an observation.

41. Good Job!

42. What are the three types of sedimentary rocks? Give and example of each

43. Clastic- shale, sandstone, conglomerate and breccia Organic- coal and limestone Chemical-limestone and rock salt.

44. Explain what causes an igneous rock to have a fine-grained or coarse- grained texture?

45. How fast they cool. Rapid cooling=fine grained Slow cooling=coarse grained

46. What are small solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things?

47. sediments

48. List and explain the processes that change sediment to sedimentary rock.

49. 1.Weathering water or wind loosen away fragments of rock 2. Erosion- the carrying away of sediments. 3. Deposition- process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it. 4. Compaction- process that presses sediments together. 5. Cementation- process by which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together.

50. How are metamorphic rocks formed?

51. Sedimentary Rock Exposed Extreme Heat &pressure!