1. GIS TUTORIAL 1
Lecture 1
Introduction to GIS

2. Outline GIS overview GIS data and layers GIS applications and examples
Software overview
GIS tutorial 1 overview
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

3. Lecture 1
GIS Overview

4. What is GIS?
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are computerized systems designed for the storage, retrieval and analysis of geographically referenced data
GIS uses advanced analytical tools to explore at a scientific level the spatial relationships, patterns, and processes of cultural, biological, demographic, economic, geographic, and physical phenomena
Got that?
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

5. Tools for GIS Hardware Software Multimedia (photos, videos, 3D models)
Computer
Digitizer
Scanner
Printer/Plotter
Software
Desktop GIS
Internet GIS
CAD Software
Database Software
Multimedia (photos, videos, 3D models)
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

6. Unique capabilities of GIS
GIS stores related geographic features in separate collections of files called map layers
Map layers can be reused easily and assembled into any number of map compositions and overlaid for analysis
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

7. GIS answers the following
Location: What is at...? Where is it?
Condition: Status of features?
Trends: What has changed since...?
Patterns: What spatial patterns exist?
Modeling: What if…?
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

8. Scale of GIS data
Global to local
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

9. Vector data Map features Feature attributes Points, lines, polygons
Every feature has attributes (e.g. name, area, population)
Shape
Name
Class
Pop2000
State
Point
New York
City
8,008,278 NY
Los Angeles
3,694,820 CA
Chicago
2,896,016 IL
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

10. Raster Data
Stored electronic image or picture taken as an aerial photograph or satellite image
Composed of a rectangular array of square cells, called pixels, with a number in each cell representing the solid color fill of that cell
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

11. Lecture 1
GIS Data and layers

12. GIS example
Identify polluting companies and their proximity to populations in poverty, water features, or schools.
Start with
Databases
Map layers
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

13. Databases Not easy to interpret
Data obtained from U.S. Census and EPA websites
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

14. Data shown as GIS layers
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

15. Additional layers Political features (municipalities)
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

16. Additional layers Physical features (lakes, rivers, etc.)
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

17. Additional layers Administrative data (schools)
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

18. Maps and tables are interactive
Identify features
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

19. Maps and tables are interactive
Select features
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

20. Advanced GIS functions
Proximity selections
Explained more in chapter 8.
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

21. Advanced GIS functions
Buffers
Select top polluting companies and show the number of schools within 2 miles of these companies.
Explained more in chapter 9.
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

22. GIS applications and examples
Lecture 1
GIS applications and examples

23. GIS applications A/E/C Business Defense/intelligence Government Health
Civil engineering, surveying.
Business
Site location, delivery systems, marketing, media and press, real estate.
Defense/intelligence
Military operations, geospatial intelligence
Government
Federal, state, local, economic development, elections, urban and regional planning.
Health
Public health, health and human services, hospitals, managed care, research.
Natural resources
Agriculture, archaeology, climate change, conservation, environmental management, forestry, marine and coast, mining, petroleum, water resources.
Public safety
Computer-Aided Dispatch, emergency/disaster management, EMS, homeland security, law enforcement, fire protection, wildfire management
Transportation
Aviation, highways, logistics, railways, ports and maritime, public transit
Utilities/communications
Electric, gas, pipeline, telecommunications, water/wastewater
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

24. GIS examples
Instructor should add examples specific to their industry or teaching here
What an excellent idea. I think I have just a few examples here…
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

27. A slide from the City of Carson’s economic development site, built by ESRI BP GIS planning. It is on line at

28. Analysis
An ESRI created map during the wildfires in Here imagery overlayed with population data shows how many children are affected by the Smoke plumes

29. What Should Be Anticipated for a Katrina-Magnitude Disaster?

30. A local fire run map page from Manhattan beach, such a map would be used if there was a school security incident, as it would help with response to such an emergency, the map shows the buildings and they are numbered to simplify identification.

31. A disaster response map from Manhattan Beach – this would be used to locate back up power stations

32. Size of New Homes in Redondo Beach
YEAR BUILT
TOTAL FLOOR AREA (AVG.)
BEFORE 1988
1,458 sq. ft.
3,917 sq. ft.

33. Responding to Citizen Requests in Torrance—Using GIS to Focus Field Investigations
City of Torrance

34. School Facility Needs Analysis

35. Zoning and Property Information

37. Adult Business Ordinance
Determine allowed parcels
Identify impacted neighbors
Ensure defensibility of ordinance

38. Fire Station Siting

39. Operations & Special Event Planning
Hometown Fair & 10K
Arts Festival
Grand Prix
Robinson Fun Run
Grandview Gator 5K
Earth Day
Fireworks Festival

40. City of Lomita Response to Los Angeles Co. Office of Emergency Mgmt.
Information Request

41. Water Systems

42. Tabular Data

43. Compared to a picture

44. Traffic Accident Analysis

46. Transportation
Route planning
Route locater
Identification of funding

47. Economic Development Sales tax provides 40% of the city’s revenue
Licenses and permits make up another 11%
Other revenue sources are eroding
Good jobs make for a stable community
Retaining existing businesses saves jobs
New businesses and development can replace blight
Economic development is proactive

48. How can GIS help?
Better visualization and analysis of current and future conditions
Aggregate a variety of geographic features and demographics
Notify residents and businesses of activities and opportunities
Avoid shotgun approach
Better redevelopment planning
Make development easier
Reduce duplication of data
Provide site selections
Create marketing opportunities
Speed your decision making
Get a competitive edge TM

49. Tabular Data

50. Maps Use maps to enhance text based marketing
Use vicinity maps to contrast with other communities
Demonstrate the unique strengths of your community
Show target areas

51. More Maps Redevelopment project areas Special design areas
Demographics
Anticipated or desired development
Local attractions (i.e., universities, airports)
Current projects
Traffic volumes

52. Yet More Maps
Location

53. Analysis Know thyself! Identify under-served markets
Find potential development sites
Identify areas in need of redevelopment
Overlay projects with other activities to avoid conflicts
Make better informed decisions
Cluster projects
Identify labor pool

54. Industry Clusters
Some industries prefer to locate in close proximity to similar industries or need to be close to suppliers

55. Business Analyst Online Demo

56. Inside Versus Outside Needs
Staff needs are different from public needs
Private goals and public goals sometimes differ
Staff can interpret needs and be flexible
Flexible bureaucrats???

57. Economic Development on the Internet
Listings of parcels
Contact information
Parcel search
Building permits
Demographics
Describe your community

58. Elections Polling place location
Identification of potential voter fraud
Analysis of election results

59. Redistricting

60. Mobile

61. GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

62. Related technologies Global Positioning System (GPS)
Aerial photography

63. Data Gathering with GPS

64. Data Sources Internet!!! Use available data sources Census SCAG
California Trade & Commerce Agency
US Department of Labor
Cal State Dominguez Hills
Libraries
Real estate brokers
Internal sources
Business license
Crime data

65. arcgis.com

67. What can’t GIS do? Make decisions -- it is a tool Solve problems alone
Replace legal documents (parcels)
Generate money by selling data
Can’t make a silk purse from a sow’s ear (GIGO)
Make your data more accurate
Update itself
Work by itself -- needs data and trained staff

68. Lecture 1
SOFTWARE overview

69. ArcMap (Desktop GIS) Main menu Standard toolbar Map document window
Table of
contents
Identify
results
window
Tools
toolbar
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

70. Map documents (.mxd) extension “Points” to layers
Saves layer colors, symbology, etc.
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

71. Tutorial 1-1.mxd Two layers
USCities (red points, restricted to major cities)
USStates (yellow polygons)
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

72. Adding map layers Separate files added to a map document
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

73. Geodatabases
The geodatabase is a "container" used to hold a collection of datasets (GIS features, tables, raster images, etc).
Country layer
World.gdb
Graticule layer
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

74. ArcCatalog
Arranges and manages geographic information in workspace folders and geodatabases.
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

75. ArcToolbox Advanced tools with form-based input by users
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

76. Lecture 1
GIS TUTORIAL 1 OVERVIEW

77. Part I Using and making maps
Chapter 1: Introduction
Learn the basics of working with existing GIS data and maps
Chapter 2: Map design
Learn how to create choropleth and point maps
Chapter 3: GIS outputs
Learn how to build and export maps using GIS data
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

78. Part II Working with spatial data
Chapter 4: File geodatabases
Learn how to create geodatabases and import data into them
Chapter 5: Spatial data
Explores the basic data types used within GIS and then shows how to use the Internet to gather GIS data
Chapter 6: Digitizing
Learn how to digitize vector data and transform data to match real-world coordinates
Chapter 7: Geocoding
Learn how to map address data as points through the geocoding process
Chapter 8: Geoprocessing
Perform spatial analysis using geoprocessing tools
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

79. Part III Learning advanced GIS applications
Chapter 9: Spatial analysis
Perform spatial analysis using geoprocessing tools and analysis workflow models
Chapter 10: ArcGIS 3D analyst
Introduces ArcGIS 3D Analyst, allowing users to create 3D scenes, conduct fly-through animations, and conduct line-of-sight studies
Chapter 11: ArcGIS spatial analyst
Introduces ArcGIS Spatial Analyst for creating and analyzing raster maps, including hillshades, density maps, site suitability surfaces, and risk index surfaces
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

80. Chapter structure Tutorials Your turn Advanced assignments
Multiple tutorials in every chapter
Include step-by step exercises
Your turn
Reinforce the skills learned in the step-by-step exercises
Advanced assignments
Found at the end of each chapter.
Provokes critical problem-solving skills
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

81. GIS tutorial data Data \ESRIPress\GIST1\Data\
Map layers, geodatabases, data tables, etc.
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

82. GIS tutorial data Maps \ESRIPress\GIST1\Maps\ Map documents
Starting place for tutorials
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

83. GIS tutorial data MyAssignments \ESRIPress\GIST1\MyAssignments\
Location to save end of chapter assignments
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

84. GIS tutorial data MyExercises \ESRIPress\GIST1\MyAssignments\
Location to save tutorial exercises
Finished exercises are solutions to tutorial exercises
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

85. Tutorial Tips no spaces in file names!
check that files/folders are not Read-Only
some results you’ll need to save for use in later labs
do ‘Your Turn’ boxes during class
do ‘Assignments’ outside of class

86. Tutorial Tips Just try It’s so easy, even a manager can do it
Ask for help and be willing to help your colleagues
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

87. You’re going too fast/slow!
Some tutorials will be in class to have help available
Some tutorials will be on your own because class time is so limited
We will not do tutorials together or you would go crazy
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

88. READ!!! Don’t just be a button clicker
Read the text, not just the instructions
Don’t skip steps
Don’t freak out if something goes wrong
Learn from each other
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook

89. Summary GIS overview GIS data and layers GIS applications and examples
Software overview
GIS Tutorial 1 overview
GIS TUTORIAL 1 - Basic Workbook