1. Chapter 20 Review
Mountain Building

2. Which section of the diagram best represents the most common elevation range of areas that are above sea level? A B C D

3. Which factor would be most useful in predicting the amount of mantle a certain volume of crust will displace?
temperature of the mantle
density of the crust
chemical composition of the mantle
temperature of the crust

4. Which lists the types of convergent boundaries in order, from those that produce the smallest mountain belts to those that produce the largest mountain belts?
oceanic-oceanic; oceanic-continental; continental-continental
oceanic-continental; oceanic-oceanic; continental-continental
continental-continental; oceanic-continental; oceanic-oceanic
oceanic-oceanic; continental-continental; oceanic-continental

5. At time interval A on the timeline, ancestral North America separated from Ancestral Africa along two divergent boundaries. This was the beginning of which process?
formation of the Appalachian Mountains
formation of the Himalayas
formation of the Lesser Antilles
formation of the Adirondack Mountains

6. Which label best summarizes the trend represented by the arrow in the diagram?
increasing temperature
decreasing density
decreasing age
increasing density

7. The Lesser Antilles and the Appalachian Mountains are similar in that they were both formed .
by convergence
by faulting
by volcanoes
by oceanic plate movement

8. Which lists Earth materials in order of increasing density?
oceanic crust, continental crust, mantle
mantle, oceanic crust, continental crust
continental crust, oceanic crust, mantle
continental crust, mantle, oceanic crust

9. What is the difference between the average depth of the ocean and the average elevation of exposed land, as shown on the diagram?
841 m
3024 m
3865 m
4706 m

10. Subduction zones form at
only oceanic-oceanic boundaries
only oceanic-continental boundaries
both oceanic-oceanic boundaries and oceanic-continental boundaries
neither oceanic-oceanic boundaries or oceanic continental boundaries

11. A good model for isostasy is
a collision between two cars
the water line of a boat when someone boards or leaves it
scraping food off a plate
stretching a cracked, old rubber band

12. In the process of isostatic rebound, mountains are eroded over hundreds of millions of years, while the crust below them
rises
sinks
splits to form a rift
converges at a boundary

13. After millions of years of erosion, the Appalachian Mountains still exist because of
continental drift
orogeny
erosion
isostatic rebound

14. Uplifted mountains
form when a large region of Earth’s crust rises up as a unit
have rocks that are not very deformed
are the result of erosional forces
all of the above

15. Fault-block mountains
form when two continental plates collide
form above a subduction zone
form when a large pieces of crust are dropped between large faults
all of the above

16. The Himalayas formed as the result of
hot spot volcanism
divergence on the ocean floor
continental-continental convergence
oceanic-oceanic convergence

17. At this type of boundary, a warming lithosphere bulges upward and is higher than the surrounding oceanic crust.
divergent boundaries
Europe
Pangaea
hot spots

18. The volcanic peaks of Hawaii formed as a result of these.
divergent boundaries
Europe
Pangaea
hot spots

19. Ancestral North America and ancestral Africa collided to form this supercontinent.
divergent boundaries
Europe
Pangaea
hot spots

20. Some of the rocks and geologic structures in this region are like those in the Appalachian Mountains.
divergent boundaries
Europe
Pangaea
hot spots

21. Mountains that form when large pieces of crust are tilted, uplifted, or dropped between large faults
fault-block mountains
isostatic rebound
orogeny
pillow basalts
isostasy
uplifted mountains

22. Billowy rocks that form when lava erupts onto the seafloor
fault-block mountains
isostatic rebound
orogeny
pillow basalts
isostasy
uplifted mountains

23. Cycle of processes that form mountain ranges
fault-block mountains
isostatic rebound
orogeny
pillow basalts
isostasy
uplifted mountains

24. Slow process of the crust’s rising after overlying material is removed
fault-block mountains
isostatic rebound
orogeny
pillow basalts
isostasy
uplifted mountains

25. Condition of equilibrium whereby Earth’s crust is balanced by the upward force of buoyancy and the downward force of gravity
fault-block mountains
isostatic rebound
orogeny
pillow basalts
isostasy
uplifted mountains

26. Mountains that form when large regions of Earth experience upward movement
fault-block mountains
isostatic rebound
orogeny
pillow basalts
isostasy
uplifted mountains

27. There are three dominant ranges of elevations on Earth.
True
False

28. Isostasy is an equilibrium between gravitational force and buoyant force.
True
False

29. Granite batholiths are associated with continental-continental plate boundaries.
True
False

30. The Himalayas are older than the Appalachian Mountains.
True
False

31. Ocean ridges form at convergent plate boundaries.
True
False

32. The Adirondack Mountains are classified as uplifted mountains.
True
False

33. Orogeny is a term that refers to all processes that form Earth’s crust.
True
False

34. The shaded area of this graph correctly shows the percentage of Earth’s surface that is below sea level.
True
False

35. The mantle has a greater density than continental crust.
True
False

36. The Grand Tetons are classified as fault block mountains.
True
False

37. Most of Earth's surface is above sea level.
True
False

38. Continental crust, because it is denser than oceanic crust, rises higher above Earth’s surface.
True
False

39. The volcanoes of an island arc complex form as a result of a(n) oceanic-continental convergence.
True
False

40. Uplifted mountains are regions of broad uplift that seem to be related to rising convection cells in the mantle.
True
False

41. About 70 percent of Earth’s surface is below sea level.
True
False

42. The seafloor displaces more of the mantle than the same thickness of the continental crust.
True
False

43. Isostasy between Earth’s mantle and crust exists when the mass of crust is rising as a result of buoyancy and gravity.
True
False

44. Mt. Everest is the tallest mountain on Earth, so it probably has the deepest root.
True
False

45. When mountains erode, their roots increase in size.
True
False

46. The Appalachian Mountains are an example of divergent-boundary mountains.
True
False

47. The Adirondack Mountains, which are made of rocks that show little deformation, are uplifted mountains.
True
False

48. Oceanic crust is composed mainly of basalt, and continental crust is composed mainly of granite.
True
False

49. Individual volcanic mountains on the ocean floor are called plates.
True
False

50. The tallest orogenic belts are found at continental-continental convergent boundaries.
True
False

51. Many mountain ranges are formed as the result of tectonic interactions.
True
False

52. Broad, uplifted plateaus, such as the Colorado Plateau, are regional divergent-boundary features of Earth’s crust.
True
False