1. By Mitchell Loop & Alison Parrott Mrs. La Salle Period 6

2. Purpose  The purpose of the lab is to measure the pH value of various household materials by using a natural indicator to make an indicator chart.

3. Materials  Knife  Red cabbage leaves  1-cup measure  Hot water  2 jars  Clean white cloth  Teaspoon  Tape  3 sheets of plain white paper  Pencil  Ruler  10 clear plastic cups  White vinegar  Baking soda  Household ammonia  Dropper  Various household items

4. Procedure  1. Put ½ cup of finely chopped red cabbage leaves in a jar and add ½ cup of hot water. Stir and crush the leaves with a spoon. Continue the extraction until the water is distinctly colored.  2. Strain the extract through a piece of cloth into a clean jar. This liquid is your natural indicator.

6.  3. Tape three sheets of paper end to end. Draw a line along the center and label it at 5-cm intervals with the numbers 1 to 14. This is your pH scale.  4. Pour your indicator to about 1-cm depth into each of three plastic cups. To one cup, add several drops of vinegar, to the second add several drops of ammonia

8.  4. Pour your indicator to about 1-cm depth into each of three plastic cups. To one cup, add several drops of vinegar, to the second add several drops of ammonia, and to the third add a pinch of baking soda. The resulting colors indicate pH values of 3, 9, and 11. place the cups on your pH scale.

10.  5. Repeat step 4 for household items such as table salt, toothpaste, mouthwash, shampoo, laundry detergent, dish detergent etc.

12. Results  Hot Sauce- “Tapatio”: 1  Vinegar: 3  Shampoo: 5  Salt: 6  Baking soda: 9  Toothpaste: 10  Ammonia: 11

13. Analyze and Conclude  1. What was the color of the indicator at acidic, neutral, and basic conditions? - The acidic indicator was red, the neutral indicator was green, and the basic indicator was blue.

14.  2. What chemical changes were responsible for the color changes? - The chemical changes that were responsible for the color changes were the changes to acid or to base.

15.  3. Label the materials you tested as acidic, basic, or neutral. - Hot sauce: acidic - Vinegar: acidic - Salt: slightly acidic - Baking soda: slightly basic - Toothpaste: basic - Ammonia: basic

16.  4. Which group contains items used for cleaning or personal hygiene? - The group the contains products for cleaning and personal hygiene is the bases.