1. Pipelines – Bridging the Gap Indian Oil Corporation Limited
S.K. SATIJA
General Manager
Indian Oil Corporation Limited

2. STRUCTURE OF PRESENTATION
Historical Perspective – Oil Pipelines
Pipeline Infrastructure in India
Technological Developments
Modewise Transportation of Petroleum Products
New Pipelines – bridging Gap
Present Industry Scenario- Critical Aspects

3. History of Oil Pipelines
First trunk pipeline dates back to 1870s
Long distance pipeline transportation got a boost during World War-II when coastal tanker traffic was disrupted in U.S

4. History of Oil Pipelines
Discoveries of giant oil fields in remote parts of the world led to development of correspondingly large crude oil pipeline networks
Pipeline industry has grown in parallel with the development of world oil industry over the last one century

5. Growth of Pipelines in India
First crude oil pipeline in India laid from Digboi oil fields to Digboi refinery before independence
During , Oil India Limited laid 1156 km long first trunk crude oil pipeline, from Naharkatiya and Moran oil fields to the refineries at Guwahati and Barauni
IndianOil laid its first cross country product pipeline during to transport products from Guwahati refinery to Siliguri

6. Growth of Pipelines in India
Government & Industry started realizing unique advantages of oil transportation through pipelines
Subsequently, a number of product and crude oil pipelines were laid in the 60’s, 70’s and 80’s, including sub-sea crude oil pipelines
This led to development of this industry, especially during last two decades

7. Growth of Pipelines in India
The pipelines laid during the 60’s were designed, engineered and constructed by foreign companies. However, the exposure to this technology enabled Indian engineers to gain confidence, and the pipelines which came up later, were designed and constructed with indigenous expertise
India today has over km of major crude oil and product pipelines out of which IOCL owns & operates more than 11,000 km of Pipelines

8. Drivers for Growth of Pipelines in India
Low consumption of petro products in the initial years post independence due to subdued economic growth
Early refineries in India installed at coastal locations requiring only coastal movement of crude oil
Refining capacities being low, products were either consumed locally or transported to the consumption centres by rail or road

9. Drivers for Growth of Pipelines in India
Traditionally rail network has been quite widespread in India. Pipelines relatively came into focus quite late
After 1960, most of the refineries came up at land-locked locations necessitating laying of crude and product pipelines.

10. Typical Advantages of Pipelines
Lower cost of transportation
about 30-50% of the railway freight and 4 to 5 times cheaper than road transportation
Lower transit losses
PL- 0.05% Max., Railway- 0.25%, Road- 0.5%
Energy efficient
Railway mode consumes 3-4 times and road mode about 20 times more energy than Pipeline mode
Safety and Reliability
minimum disruptions
Environment friendly
3-4 times lesser Carbon emissions than Railway mode
Pipeline mode of transportation has some inherent advantages over other conventional modes of transportation. Some of the salient advantages of pipeline mode is brought out on the slide.

11. Existing Liquid Pipelines : Industry
As on
IOCL
BPCL#
HPCL##
GAIL
OIL
ONGC ###
Cairn
Total Industry
Length (Kms.)
Product
6632
1939
2776
1691
654 -
13692
Crude Oil
4376
935
1017
1193
676
667
8864
Total
11008
2874
3793
1847.3
22556
Capacity (MMTPA)
36.86
10.35
22.27
3.6
1.70
74.78
40.40
6.0
9.0
8.40
43.84
7.5
115.1
77.26
16.35
31.27
10.1
189.88
#Includes Petronet Cochin-Coimbatore-Karur Product pipeline
##Includes Petronet Mangalore-Hassan-Bangalore Product Pipeline
### Source: PPAC

12. IOCL’s Existing Pipeline Network
Jalandhar
Bhatinda
Ambala
Roorkee
Sangrur
Najibabad
Panipat
Kandla
Vadinar
Chaksu
Mundra
Meerut
Rewari
Delhi
Tinsukia
Sanganer
Mathura
Ajmer
Tundla
Bongaigaon
Digboi
Jodhpur
Bharatpur
Lucknow
Siliguri
Barauni
Guwahati
Kanpur
Kot
Chittaurgarh
Sidhpur
Ahmedabad
Rajbandh
Navagam
Mourigram
Koyali
Ratlam
Dahej
Haldia
Hazira
Paradip
as on
Pipeline Length Capacity (km) (MMTPA)
Product
Gas MMSCMD
LEGEND
Bangalore
Bangalore AFS
Chennai
Sankari
Asanur
Trichy
Madurai
CBR
Crude
Total
Chennai AFS
Product
Crude Oil
Gas
Refinery 12

13. IOC’s Pipelines (Existing) Other Companies’ Pipelines(Existing)
Oil Pipelines Industry Scene
Jalandhar
Bhatinda
Ambala
Roorkee
Sangrur
Najibabad
Panipat
Meerut
Tinsukia
Rewari
Delhi
Nahorkatiya
Loni
Sanganer
Mathura
Shahjahanpur
Ajmer
Siliguri
Bongaigaon
Digboi
Jodhpur
Chaksu
Tundla/B’Pur
Numaligarh
Lucknow
Kanpur
Jagdishpur
Guwahati
Kot
Chittaurgarh
Sidhpur
Barauni
Ahmedabad
Rajbandh
Kandla
Ratlam
Mundra
Navagam
Budge Budge
Jamnagar
Koyali
Maurigram
Indore
Vadinar
Dahej
Ankleshwar
Haldia
Hazira
Manmad
Mumbai
High
Mumbai
Paradip
Pune
Vizag
IOC’s Pipelines (Existing)
Uran
Secunderabad
Product
Crude Oil
Pakni
Hazarwadi
Vijayawada
Mangalore
Bangalore
Chennai
Other Companies’ Pipelines(Existing)
Sankari
Asanur
Product
Crude Oil
LPG
Karur
Coimbatore
Trichy
Kochi
Madurai

14. Technological Developments
Improvement in Piping Specifications - API 5L- X70 grades pipelines allows reduction in thickness of pipeline/ number of pump stations
Intelligent Pigging - To ascertain integrity of pipeline without disrupting operations
Horizontal Directional Drilling – Easy to cross major rivers; Crossing highways, Railways etc. without causing traffic obstructions
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System - SCADA applications allows better control and operation of pipeline system with less human intervention requirements
Leak Detection System

15. Modewise Transportation-Tonne-Km Basis
India
USA
(Source: PPAC )
(Source : Association of Oil Pipelines, USA)

16. IOC - Projects under Implementation
S. No.
Projects’ Description
Length (km)
Cap. (MMTPA)
Cost
(Rs. Cr.) 1.
Hook-up of Tikrikalan Terminal with MJPL 8
3.0 59 2.
Addl. Tanks & blending facility at Vadinar -
267 3.
Integrated Crude Handling Facilities at Paradip 70
1492 4.
Paradip- Raipur-Ranchi Pipeline
1065
5.0
1793 5.
Kolkata ATF Pipeline 28
0.13 45 6.
Guwahati ATF Pipeline 35
0.07 44 7.
Debottlenecking of SMPL
767
21 to 25
1584 8.
Cauvery Basin Refinery-Trichy Pipeline
114
0.4 98 9.
Paradip-Haldia-Durgapur LPG PIpeline
710
0.5/0.85
913
10.
Aug. of Paradip-Haldia-Barauni Pipeline 64
11.0 to 15.2
586
11.
Hook up of Jasidih ToP with HBPL
14.2
12.
Aug of Panipat-Rewari Pipeline
1.5 to 2.1
5.94
13.
Branch Pipeline to Motihari and Baitalpur
275
1.5
276
Total
3136
19.75

17. Product Pipelines – Bridging the Gap
S. No.
Pipeline Name
Oil Company
Length (km)
Capacity (MMTPA)
Capex
(Rs. Cr.) 1.
Hook-up of Tikrikalan terminal with Mathura - Jalandar PL
IOC 8
3.0 59 2.
Branch PL from Viramgam to Kandla off Koyali-Sanganer PL
231
0.5
349 3.
Augmentation of Chennai- Trichy-Madurai PL - 46 4.
Paradip - Vizag-Rajamundary- Vijaiwada-Cherllapally PL
1200
3.7
2000 5.
Koyali-Akolner PL
600
2.5
660 6.
Branch pipeline to Raxual- Baitalpur (ex-Patna on Barauni Kanpur PL)
275
1.2
305 7.
Aonla-Banthra extension of Mathura - Tundla PL
500
1.0
200
Paradip - Sambalpur – Raipur - Ranchi PL
1068
5.0
1793

18. Product Pipelines – Bridging the Gap
S. No.
Pipeline Name
Oil Company
Length (km)
Capacity (MMMTPA)
Capex
(Rs. Cr.) 9
Branch line to Una on Panipat- Ambala-Jalandar PL
IOC 70
0.7
101 10
Cauvery Basin Refinery/ Narimanam-Trichy PL
114
0.4 98 11
Bina-Kota PL
BPC
258
2.8
1398 12
Kota-Jobner PL
210
1.7 -
13.
Kota-Piyala PL(Augmentation)
200
1.0
14.
Ramanmandi-Bahadurgarh PL
HPC
270
4.7
400
15.
Ramanmandi-Bhatinda PL 30
1.4 61
16.
Bahadurgarh-Tikri Kalan PL 13
1.1 60
17.
Rewari-Kanpur PL
450
3.0
1100
18.
Awa-Salawas PL
100
0.8
Total
5597
34.9
9030

19. Present Industry Scenario: Critical Aspects
National Oil Companies facing acute fiscal challenges due to prevailing norms on product pricing and fund crunch for their expansion
Statutory Clearances have become more complex; Projects are getting delayed on this account
Land Acquisition Problems

20. THANK YOU