2. SICKLE CELL ANEMIA BY:JOEL SERRATA, EUNICE ASARE AND ARELI VELIZ. MENTOR: DR. BRENNAN BRONX COMMUNITY COLLEGE CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT

3. DEFINITIONS SNP: single nucleotide polymorphisms HBB: Hemoglobin Beta Gene. Ulcer: A sore cut cause by inflammation, disease, or infection.

4. INTRODUCTION Sickle Cell Anemia is a hereditary disease which is cause by a disorder in the blood, a mutation in the Hemoglobin Beta Gene which can be found in the chromosome 11. This disease causes the body to make abnormally shapes red blood cells. A normal red blood cell is shaped as a round donut while the abnormal red blood cell has a “ C “ form.

5. INTRODUCTION CONT’ Hemoglobin Beta Gene (HBB) also known as Beta Globin is a protein that resides in the red blood cells. The HBB is 146 amino acids long and its molecular weight is 15,867 Daltons. The molecules of the hemoglobin are responsible to carry oxygen through the body. The HBB is found in part 15.5 of the chromosome 11.

6. PROTEIN STRUCTURE a) b)

7. ORIGIN The origin sickle cell anemia is thought to be originated from Africa and India, and then started spreading as people move and mated.

8. RISK FACTORS A risk factor is what increases the chance of getting a disease or condition. The risk of having sickle cell anemia is that you're risk of dying of strokes and heart attacks dramatically increase.

9. STATISTICS Statistic show that most of the people that have the sickle cell anemia are mostly African Americans and other minority.

10. MEDICATIONS AND TREATMENTS Hydroxyurea Treatment : it’s a chemical compound that is use as medication. For sickle cell disease come in capsule form and it’s administered once a day. Antibiotics: (penicillin) for children/helps prevent infection. Bone Marrow: Transplant of the bone marrow to relieve pain.

11. FUTURE GOALS The future goals are: Create a new drug that can cure sickle cell anemia. Reverse the mutation or alter the biological function of proteins using SNP.

12. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS DR.BRENNAN SAT BATTACHARYA HARLEM CHILDREN SOCIETY

13. REFERENCES C:\Documents and Settings\me815-09\Desktop\SCA_Causes.html www.prism.gatech.edu/~gh19/b1510/protsynt.htm www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns www.sicklecelldisease-il.../sections/what/how.html http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/posters/chr omosome/hbb.shtml http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/posters/chr omosome/hbb.shtml http://healthgate.partners.org/browsing/Content.asp?fileName=201 58.xml&title=Risk+Factors+for+Sickle+Cell+Disease http://healthgate.partners.org/browsing/Content.asp?fileName=201 58.xml&title=Risk+Factors+for+Sickle+Cell+Disease http://kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/blood/sickle_cell_an emia.html http://kidshealth.org/teen/diseases_conditions/blood/sickle_cell_an emia.html http://sickle.bwh.harvard.edu/hemoglobin.html