1. Healing of a Critical-Sized Defect in the Rat Femur with Use of a Vascularized Periosteal Flap, a Biodegradable Matrix, and Bone Morphogenetic Protein by E. Vögelin, N.F. Jones, J.I. Huang, J.H. Brekke, and J.R. Lieberman J Bone Joint Surg Am Volume 87(6):1323-1331 June 1, 2005 ©2005 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

2. E. Vögelin et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005;87:1323-1331 ©2005 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

3. E. Vögelin et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005;87:1323-1331 ©2005 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

4. E. Vögelin et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005;87:1323-1331 ©2005 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

5. E. Vögelin et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005;87:1323-1331 ©2005 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

6. Radiograph of a group-3 specimen, made at eight weeks after treatment of the defect with the OPLA-HY device and rhBMP-2 with no periosteal flap, shows a mixed, heterotopic, radiopaque, and radiolucent “eggshell” appearance. E. Vögelin et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005;87:1323-1331 ©2005 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

7. Photomicrograph of a group-2 specimen, made eight weeks after treatment with the OPLA-HY device with a periosteal flap and no BMP, shows a small amount of intramembranous ossification, indicating the osteoconductive potential of the OPLAHY device in combina... E. Vögelin et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005;87:1323-1331 ©2005 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

8. Photomicrograph of a specimen from group 3, made eight weeks after treatment of the defect with the OPLA-HY device and rhBMP-2 with no periosteal flap, shows an “eggshell” appearance that developed outside the boundaries of the host bone and OPLA-HY device. E. Vögelin et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005;87:1323-1331 ©2005 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

9. Photomicrograph of a specimen from group 3, made eight weeks after treatment of the defect with OPLA-HY and rhBMP-2 with no periosteal flap, demonstrates osteoinduction proceeding by intramembranous ossification (undecalcified section embedded in plastic an... E. Vögelin et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005;87:1323-1331 ©2005 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

10. Photomicrograph of a specimen from group 4, made eight weeks after treatment of the defect with the OPLA-HY device, rhBMP-2, and a periosteal flap, demonstrates consistently larger ossicles in the center and along the cortex without generating heterotopic o... E. Vögelin et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005;87:1323-1331 ©2005 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

11. Histomorphometric comparison of the percentage area of osteoid, mesenchymal, and calcified bone tissues at four and eight weeks after implantation of OPLA-HY matrix containing rhBMP-2 in group 3 (no flap) and group 4 (with periosteal flap). E. Vögelin et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2005;87:1323-1331 ©2005 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.