1. Dr. Fred Williams III, DVM Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Lab College of Vet Med University of Missouri Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only

2.  18 year old female alpaca  Herd of 40 alpacas separated by age, sex, and reproductive status  All groups have fenceline contact Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only

3.  Recent history of travel to large alpaca exhibition  Total of 14 animals, females and crias affected  Lightly affected resolved spontaneously  More severely affected treated with Excenel for four days.  One of the severely affected animals died 10 days after clinical signs developed Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only

4.  Diffuse fibrinosuppurative pneumonia  Widespread interlobular emphysema and multiple pulmonary bulla  Marked enlargement of hilar lymph nodes  Splenic hematomas  Renal infarction Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only

5.  Fibrosis of alveolar septa  Type II pneumocyte hyperplasia  Pneumonia Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only

11.  Bacterial cultures were not recognized respiratory pathogens  Serratia proteamaculans  Aceinetobacter calcoaeticus lwoffi  PCR examination  Positive for herpesvirus  Negative for Bluetongue or BVD  Virus isolation was negative  Most likely due to poor cell line. Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only

12.  Sequencing of the amplification product produced 97% homology with reported sequences derived from Equine herpesvirus-5 (EHV-5)  Herdmates are seronegative for EHV-1 and BHV-1, which have been reported in camelids  EHV-1 => neurological signs and blindness 1  BHV-1 => fatal pneumonia 2  1 House JA, Gregg DA, Lubroth j, et al. Experimental equine herpesvirus-1 infection in llamas (Lama glama). J Vet Diag Invest 1991; 2:137-143  2 Williams JR, Evermann RF, Beede ES et al. Association of bovine herpesvirus type 1 in a llama with bronchopneumonia. J Vet Diag Invest 1991; 3258-260 Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only

13.  Also referred to as “snots”  Mucopurulent nasal discharge  Pneumonia and respiratory failure  First noted in July 2007  Throughout the US (CA, WA, OR, and New England area)  Typically following return from shows Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only

14.  Morbidity can reach 100%  Mortality ranges from 0 – 75%  Most commonly moderate, self-limiting disease  No etiology is currently identified Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only

15.  Similar presentation in equines  Associated with Equine herpesvirus-5 3  3 Williams KJ, Maes R, Del Piero A, et al. Equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis: A newly recognized herpesvirus-associated fibrotic lung disease. Vet Path 2007; 44:849-862. Presented at SEVPAC 2008 – Permission granted for use on SEVPAC website only