1. Review Ch 12

2. 1
After growing a carbohydrate rich grain that uses soil nitrogen immediately growing a nitrogen-fixing plant like a legume to protect and rejuvenate the topsoil.
Hydroponics
Intercropping
Alley cropping
Perennial polyculture
Cover crops

3. 2 Growing crops between rows of trees Hydroponics Intercropping
Alley cropping
Perennial polyculture
Cover crops

4. 3
Growing plants by exposing the roots to nutrient rich water instead of soil
Hydroponics
Intercropping
Alley cropping
Perennial polyculture
Cover crops

5. 4 Creates oxygen-demand waste in waterway systems from manure run-off
Animal feed lots
Aquaculture
Plantation farming
Genetic engineering of plants
Organic farming

6. 5 Destroys mangrove systems and estuaries to provide space needed
Animal feed lots
Aquaculture
Plantation farming
Genetic engineering of plants
Organic farming

7. 6 Deficiencies in protein and other key nutrients is known as:
Undernutrition
Malnutrition
Hunger
Starvation
Caloric overdraft

8. 7
Dangerous strains of disease organisms can develop from of which of the following agricultural practices?
Using herbicides in mechanized large-scale grain farming
Using plant-based insecticidal compounds on vegetable crops
Growing crops that are genetically modified for increased yield
Increasing use of legumes into crop rotation protocols
Incorporating antibiotics into the feeding regimens of densely population livestock

9. 8
The factor that indicates the GREATEST cause of malnutrition and hunger is:
Poverty
Location
Age
Gender
Blood pressure

10. 9
An ecological control to pests that uses a mix of cultivation, biological, and chemical practices.
Integrated pest management
Organic farming
Pheromone therapy
Green revolution agriculture
Genetic resistance management

11. 10 Even with enough calories, chronic malnutrition can lead to
I compromised mental development
II increased susceptibility to nonfatal infectious disease
III stunted growth
I only II only III only
I and II only I, II, and III

12. 11
Which of the following is NOT a health problem associated with overnutrition
Compromised mental development
Lower life expectancy
Lowered immune system
Increased susceptibility to disease
Lower productivity

13. 12
In 1970 global fish catch for a small coastal New England community was 290 tons; in 1990 it was 300 tons. Which of the following values is the closest to the percent increase in fish catch
3.5%
10%
96%
110%
203%

14. 13
Which of the following is the correct listing of the three food sources that provide more than half of the world’s caloric intake.
Wheat, soybeans, potatoes
Corn, potatoes, rice
Wheat, rice, corn
Rice, potatoes, cheese
Wheat, rice, potatoes

15. 14
All of the following are examples of alternatives to the use of pesticides EXCEPT:
Implanting genetic resistance
Biological control with natural enemies
Confuse insects with pheromones
Boomerang effect
scalding

16. 15 Which statement concerning soil erosion is INCORRECT?
Soil erosion is a major environmental concern due to the slow rate of topsoil renew
In many areas of the world soil is eroding faster than it can be formed
The loss of topsoil increases the soil’s ability to store nutrients
Erosion of topsoil through surface water runoff creates sediment pollution in rivers and streams
The movement of flowing water and wind causes most soil erosion

17. 16 Which of the following is true of farm-raised salmon?
They are genetically more diverse than their wild counterparts
They seldom escape from their containment areas
They have no impact on the quality of water in which they are raised
They are often infected with parasites and sea lice
They are maintained at lower population densities than are wild salmon

18. 17
The layer(s) of soil in which most of the humus and soil organisms are contained
I leaf litter
II topsoil
III subsoil
I only II only I and II only
II and III only I, II, and III

19. 18
Which of the following is LEAST likely to alleviate desertification problems?
Increased use of industrialized high input monoculture
Reduce overgrazing of animals used for meat production
Utilization of conservation-tillage farming practices
Building wind-breaks or shelter belts around crop fields
Reduce irrigation needs by water conservation practices

20. 19 Which of the following is not associated with the green revolutions
Genetically engineered high-yield varieties of key crops
World grain production tripled between 1950 and 1985
Increase in the number of crops grown per year on a single plot of land
Use of large inputs of fertilizer, pesticides, and water
Increase in crop rotation between harvesting

21. 20
Methane released from meat production practices is a connection between what other major environmental problem?
Water pollution
Air pollution
Human health
Biodiversity loss
dsertification

22. 21
Which of the following genetically modified crops and foods may be a benefit to the grower, but increases negative ecological impacts:
Need less input of fertilizers than other crops
Can grow in slightly salty soils
Can create herbicide-resistant weed populations
Produce higher yields
More resistant to disease and drought

23. 22
Characteristics associated with advantages of aquaculture would include which of the following?
I high yield in a small volume of water
II low use of fossil fuel sources
III very little waste output
I only II only III only
I and II only I, II, and III

24. 23
A chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticide that biomagnifies in te food chain and caused the decline of bird populations as published by Rachel Carson in “Silent Spring.”
Atrazine
Dioxin
PCBs
DDTs
Malthion

25. 24
In 1996, Congress passed the Food Quality Protection Act. Which of the following best describes the intent of this act?
The Act was intended to regulate the sale and use of pesticides
The Act was intended to assess the health risks of the active ingredients in pesticides
The Act was intended to develop a food pyramid with recommendations for consumption of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates
The Act was intended to monitor biomagnifications of pesticides in terrestrial food chains
The Act requires the EPA to reduce the allowable levels of pesticide residue in food when applied to children