1. ProAct Network and WWF/US Kelly Adele Billups Margaret Ledyard-Marks Anita Van Breda Jennifer Pepson

2. Background Significant effort and funds put into shelter after disaster Many shelter issues relate to energy Options to improve shelter energy efficiency exist But – focus on rebuilding quickly doesn’t allow designers, managers or beneficiaries identify and incorporate energy efficiency into post disaster shelter Working group under the Environment Community of Practice, Global Shelter Cluster

3. A Scoping Exercise To identify current best practice and guidance on energy efficient construction, including the production, sourcing, transport, stockpiling and use of construction materials and methods It is only a scoping – expect and welcome additional information and inputs

4. The Presentation: Introduction Energy Efficiency – Approaches and Experience – Margaret Ledyard-Marks Life Cycle Analysis – Adele Billups Questions, Comments, Next steps

5. Energy Efficiency – Approaches and Experience Margaret Ledyard-Marks

6. What We Know EE is mostly a byproduct of post-disaster shelter construction and not a primary goal No/low cost techniques to achieve energy efficient shelter Earthen walls with lime base in lieu of concrete Increase thermal mass and roof overhangs Build efficient brick kilns Context-sensitive Partnerships with local NGOs and organizations with a focus on energy efficiency generally leads to long-term savings, ex: DFID shelter program in Pakistan IFRC developing a tool on energy consumption and demand/supply

7. What We Don’t Know A better understanding of the tradeoffs Following BREEAM or LEED criteria? EE building orientation vs organic community structure Case studies to demonstrate EE can be practical in post- disaster shelter Materials, logistics, transportation costs, etc. Standardized approach/methodology for construction Funding – we have tools but we don’t know if they are justified on a cost basis.

8. Future Action/Recommendations List of experts in energy efficient post-disaster shelter practices and theory Magnus Wolfe Murray, Jim Kennedy, and others…. Adapting EE tools and techniques to specific post-disaster situations – suggestions from surveys “Cheat Sheets” for different EE techniques to incorporate into post-disaster shelter construction Lists of suggested EE materials by region More research on appropriate materials and methods by region (ex: Kyrgyzstan different from Sri Lanka)

9. Life Cycle Analysis Adele Billups

10. What We Know Life Cycle Analysis (LCA): Used for: environmental regulations, green building standards, retrofitting, energy efficiency (ISO 2012). LCA databases: U.S. Life Cycle Inventory Database, The Inventory of Carbon & Energy (ICE), 1 (ISO/TC 207) database collaborating with CEN/TC 350) 2 Tools/Models to calculate embodied energy Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Analysis (EIO/ LCA), BRE’s ENVEST software- ENVEST, IMPACT, BLP Whole Life Cost Tool Policies: Efforts to incorporate LCA into development: Collaborative effort of GRRT (Module 5), UNEP with ISO, USAID, ICRC, WTO. World Economic Forum, World Business Council for Sustainable Development

11. What We Don’t Know LCA lacks uniform definition/methodology, incomplete databases, lack of public awareness Application of EE methodologies in humanitarian assistance, i.e., construction process, procurement, on the ground Potential as tool for cost-benefit analysis, i.e. CEN’s life-cycle costing for procurement. Ambiguity over EE: how is EE perceived in the field humanitarian assistance? environmental vrs economic Social perceptions: holistic approaches vrs perceptions of modernity ( “build back better” issue ) Sustainability: advanced technology, imported material

12. Future Action/Recommendations Increase awareness of incorporating energy-efficient guidelines in 1-2 leaflets during humanitarian assistant conferences, meetings, technical exchanges/ trainings, etc.* Energy audits of humanitarian response to identify most energy intensive aspects Conduct studies on feasible responses Encourage role of energy-efficiency in mitigating environmental impact, i.e. IFRC, UNHCR, WFP/DHL Policies and tools exists but a need for specific energy-efficient policies pertaining to emergency assistance. Stock-piles of energy efficient NFIs, transportation, standardized catalogues of vetted choices, field agent training

13. Conclusions Need to clarify what is energy efficiency Lots of entry points Develop community of practice, common tools, and evidence of success (case studies) Focus on energy efficiency from a financial perspective: it is more financially efficient: more done, better, and more sustainably

14. ProAct Network and WWF/US Adele Billups C. Kelly Margaret Ledyard-Marks Anita Van Breda Jennifer Pepson Contact: disasterkell@yahoo.com