1. Types of Connection Dial up –adv : most easily available not expensive (need PNETs charge) –disadv : limited data transfer rate (max : 56 Kbps) when data connection is on, no voice connection is available

2. ISDN (dial-up) –Integrated Services Digital Network –same principle as dial-up access –need special request from customer to ISP –need to install an ISDN modem –need higher charge –max speed : 128 Kbps –using telephone line –allow both transfer of digital and analogue signal within the telephone line

3. Broadband Connection –faster connection speeds can up to 10Mbps –Always on availability –Simultaneous use of data and voice connection data : broadband connection Voice : telephone connection –suitable for video and audio transmission

4. –Type of broadband connection ADSL –Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line –use standard telephone lines –using ADSL modem –Asymmetric = download speed >> upload speed –e.g. Netvigator broadband

5. –Type of Broadband connection (cont’d) Cable Modem –through Cable TV –need to share among users at the same location –e.g. i-cable Ethernet –using Cat.5 LAN cable for connection –e.g. HGC

6. T-Carrier –particular suitable for companies and schools –permanent connections, continuous connection –Type : T-1 : data transfer rate : 1.54 Mbps T-3 : data transfer rate : 44 Mbps

7. Leased Line –permanent and private connection –point to point

8. Wireless connection –for mobile devices mobile phone PDAs handheld computers –using WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) GPRS (General Packet Radio Services) Protocol : = a set of rules that govern the communication between different devices Protocol : = a set of rules that govern the communication between different devices

9. –WAP communication protocol for handheld wireless devices –GPRS technology designed for mobile phone higher data transfer rate (upto 115.2 Kbps) always on (even when we are not using the phone, the line is still connected) –usually for news, weather report, stock news, currency exchanges