1. BIRDS!

2. Adaptations
Beaks
Feet
Wings
Circulatory System

3. Beaks
Bird beaks come in a variety of shapes and sizes – all for the purpose of assisting the bird in eating a specific diet

4. Eye Dropper Beaks Food: Nectar Birds: Hummingbirds
Long, very narrow beaks for probing flowers for nectar

5. Chopsticks Beaks Food: Worms/Insects in mud/sand Birds: Snipe, Curlew
Long, straight, medium-wide
beak for probing soft
ground for food

6. Nutcracker Beaks Food: Seeds & Nuts Birds: Finch, Cardinal
Short, wide, pointed beak for cracking open seeds and nuts

7. Slotted Spoon Beaks Food: Fish & other water creatures Birds: Pelicans
Beak with a pouch for holding fish

8. Strainer Beaks Food: Tiny water plants & Water animals Birds: Flamingo
Short, down-curved beak
for separating mud from
shell fish and algae

9. Fish Net Beaks Food: Flying Insects
Birds: Whip-Poor-Will, Black Phoebe
Very short, slightly curved beak for catching insects in midair

10. Forceps Beaks Food: Caterpillars & Other Tree Insects Birds: Warbler
Medium-length, chisel-
shaped beak for breaking
into tree bark for insects

11. Hooked Beaks Food: Small animals Birds: Eagles, Birds of Prey
Sharply hooked beak for tearing animal tissue

12. Feet
Most birds have four toes on each foot, and all birds have a claw at the tip of each toe. However, the arrangement and size of the toes and the size and shape of the claws vary according to the birds' ways of life

13. Hens & Pheasants
Birds that scratch the soil for worms & insects have nail like toes

14. Flightless Birds
Strong-legged flightless birds, like the cassowary, protect themselves by kicking with their powerful feet and sharp claws.

15. Swimming Birds
WATER BIRDS such as ducks have webbing between their toes for swimming.  GULLS also have feet similar to these so they don't sink while walking in the soft sand or mud near the water's edge.

16. Climbing Birds
WOODPECKERS have two toes pointing forwards and two backwards; for climbing up, down, and sideways on tree trunks.

17. Birds of Prey
RAPTORS such as hawks, eagles, and owls use large claws (called talons) to capture, kill, and carry prey with their feet.

18. Perching Birds
SONG BIRDS or PERCHING BIRDS (warblers, thrushes, wrens, etc.) have independent, flexible toes, with one pointing backwards, ideal for grasping perches.

19. Birds & Flight
Feathers, Wings, Bones

20. Feathers Feathers are highly modified scales Feathers are used for:
Flying - flight feathers, grow in the wings and the tail
Thermal insulation - soft down feathers that grow close to the skin keep birds from getting too cold or too hot
Courtship and mating displays - these vary tremendously from species to species

21. Wings – 4 types Elliptical
a. Tends to be even pressure over most of the surface. b. Usually found in birds that live in forests. … facilitates a subtle change in the angle of the wing. c. Sparrows.

22. Wings – 4 types High Aspect Ratio
a. Much longer than it is wide. Has lot of vertical lifting area. Not much slotting. b. Not fast flying birds but more soaring birds c. Albatross, or Frigate bird.

23. Wings – 4 types High Speed Wings
a. Falcons, Plovers b. Wings that are narrow and come out to a sharp tip. These wings reduce drag. More of the wing-beat is producing forward thrust.

24. Wings – 4 types Soaring Wings
a. Extreme slotting in the wing-tips b. Vultures, Eagles, etc.

25. Bones
Porous, only 4% of body weight
Hollow Bones

26. Circulatory System Large, 4 chambered heart
High heart rate (canary – 600/min!)
Blood –reduced hemoglobin…
Homeothermic – get energy and heat from digested food (seeds,etc.)
No sweat glands! (gape, defecate on legs)…
High body temp ( *)