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Published byGonzalo Dimery Modified over 9 years ago
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Joints Hip region Knee region Ankle region
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sacroiliac joints hip joint pubic symphysis Hip region
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hip joint Hip region
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Knee joint Menisci Medial meniscus lateral meniscus Ligaments Cruciate ligaments Collateral ligaments Patellar ligament oblique popliteal ligament Joint capsule Synovial membrane Fibrous membrane Knee region
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Minisci : fibrocartilaginous ‘shock absorbers’ Knee region
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semilunar cartilages
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Attachments Knee region
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1. The medial meniscus is more injured than the lateral meniscus, why? Knee region
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Ligaments 1.anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) 2.posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) 3.medial collateral ligament (MCL, tibial collateral ligament) 4.lateral collateral ligament (LCL, fibular collateral ligament) 5.oblique popliteal ligament 6.ligamentum patellae Knee region
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ACL: Anteromedial part of the intercondylar area of tibia to inner aspect of lateral condyle of femur. PCL: Posterolateral part of the intercondylar area of the tibia to inner aspect of medial condyle of femur. Cruciate ligaments Knee region
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Anterior Cruciate ligament prevents anterior displacement of the tibia in relation to femur in flexion. Knee region
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Posterior Cruciate ligament prevents posterior displacement of the tibia in relation to femur in extension. Knee region
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How to test ACL and PCL?Drawer sign test Knee region
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15 Anterior Drawer Test for ACL Physician Position & Movements Patient Position Note direction of forces Knee region
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16 Posterior Drawer Testing- PCL Note direction of forces Knee region
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Collateral ligaments Knee region
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MCL attaches to the medial meniscus 2. The medial meniscus is more injured than the lateral meniscus, why? Knee region
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Collateral ligaments action 1.Protect the knee joint from bending side to side. 2.Helps the locking mechanism Knee region
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3. The medial meniscus is more injured than the lateral meniscus, why? Knee region
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Locking mechanism: less energy to maintain the standing position 1.Medial rotation of femur on the tibia during full extension tighten colateral ligaments. Knee region
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Locking mechanism (2) Joint surfaces become larger and more stable in extension. Knee region
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Locking mechanism (3) body's center of gravity is positioned along a vertical line that passes anterior to the knee joint. Knee region
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Collateral ligaments test Knee region
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26 Test for MCL Note Direction Of Forces Knee region
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27 Test for LCL Note direction of forces Knee region
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Patellar ligament Strengthening Anterior Aspect of Knee Joint Knee region
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oblique popliteal ligament Knee region
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Review (1) patellar ligament (2) tibial (medial) collateral ligament (3) fibular (lateral ) collateral ligament (4) medial meniscus (5) lateral meniscus (6) anterior cruciate ligament (7) posterior cruciate ligament Knee region
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Joint fibrous capsule Knee region
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Joint synovial membrane Knee region
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Bursa little fluid sacs that helps the muscles and tendons slide freely: Prepatellar Infrapatellar Suprapatellar Knee region
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Bursa Knee region
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Prepatellar Bursitis Knee region
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Ankle region Ankle joint (talocrural joint) Subtalar joint (ST J.) Talocalcaneonavicular joint (TCN J.)
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The ankle, or talocrural joint Needs ligaments!
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Lateral ligament s of talocrural joint
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Medial ligament s of talocrural joint
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The ankle, or talocrural joint, is a hinge joint Plantar Flexion Dorsi Flexion Inversion/Eversion?
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Intertarsal joint: Subtalar joint (ST J.) Talocalcaneonavicular joint (TCN J.) Calcaneocuboid (small rotation) Naviculoconeiforms (almost no movement)
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Calcaneous bone
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Subtalar joint
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Lateral
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Medial
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sustentaculum tali (talar shelf) fracture
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Subtalar joint
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TCN joint
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Talocalcaneonavicular joint
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Calcaneonavicular L.
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Other ligaments Calcaneofibular Deltoid Talocalcaneal
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Calcaneofibular
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Talar tilt test to evaluate the calcaneofibular ligament.
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Deltoid
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eversion injuries : Pott's fracture
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inversion injuries: ankle sprain
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Inteosseeous talocalcaneal ligament separates the ST J. from TCN J.
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