1. Cell Organelles © Cramer 2007
Use this presentation in conjunction with the Cell Organelle note-taking worksheet. Run through the entire presentation before using it in class so that you know what’s coming next! It helps to print the outline and notes to have with you while presenting so that there are no surprises. –JessB.org
© Cramer 2007

2. Cell Organelles Animal Cell
You may or may not wish to distinguish between cytosol and cytoplasm. The correct use of each term is shown here. Most high school textbooks, however, use the word “cytoplasm” to mean “cytosol.”

3. Organelle= “little organ”
Found only inside eukaryotic cells
All the stuff in between the organelles is cytosol
Everything in a cell except the nucleus is cytoplasm

5. Cell (Plasma) Membrane
Emphasize word parts here:
phospho= phosphate head; lipid= fatty acid tail
bi= 2
Nickname: Security Guard
Boundary of the cell
Lets some material in, waste out, and blocks harmful materials

7. Nucleus Nickname: The Boss Control center of the cell
Nucleolus contains DNA, the cells instruction manual
Surrounded by a double membrane
Usually the easiest organelle to see under a microscope
Usually one per cell
Cells with more than one nucleus include muscle cells and liver cells, largely because of the massive volume of cytoplasm and number of organelles that need controlling.

8. Cytoskeleton Acts as skeleton and muscle Provides shape and structure
Helps move organelles around the cell
Made of three types of filaments
Actin, also found in muscle cells, mainly help maintain cell shape in their cytoskeletal role. Microtubules mostly move organelles around the cell. Intermediate filaments also provide structural support.

9. Centriole Aids in cell division Usually found only in animal cells
Made of microtubules
Part of the Cytoplasm
Microtubules are also part of the cytoskeleton.

11. Ribosome Nickname: Worker Makes protein
Found attached to rough ER or floating free
Produced in a part of the nucleus called the nucleolus
A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids. In this diagram, you can see the ribosome is making a polypeptide, also known as a protein.

12. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Nickname: Roads
Connected to nuclear membrane
Highway of the cell
Rough ER:
Rough appearance because it has ribosomes
Helps make proteins, that’s why it has ribosomes
It’s not necessary that the students can read the labels here; just point out the black dots are ribosomes.

13. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Smooth ER:
No ribosomes;
It makes fats or lipids
Breaks down toxic material that could damage the cell
Sac of material
It’s not necessary that the students can read the labels here; just point out the black dots are ribosomes.

15. Golgi Apparatus Nickname: The Shippers Looks like a stack of pancakes
Packages, modifies, and transports materials to
different locations
Materials transported to and from the Golgi by means of vesicles
Cells that make saliva or mucus have lots of Golgi bodies
AKA Golgi Complex. It is not necessary that the students read the labels, this diagram gives them a general idea of the Golgi’s shape.

17. Lysosomes Nickname: Clean-up Crew Circular but bigger than ribosomes
Small bubbles filled with digestive material
Breaks down ‘food’ into particles the rest of the cell can use
Found mainly in animal cells
Students should recognize the shapes of the Golgi and ER even if they cannot read the captions.

18. Lysosomes
Nickname: Clean-up Crew
Garbage disposal of the cell
Gets rid of waste
Destroys damaged organelles
Helps white blood cells destroy bacteria
Sometimes called the Suicide Sac because it ‘kills’ worn out cells
Lysosomes will rupture releasing enzymes that dissolve everything inside the cell. This allows a body to quickly break down worn out cells.
Students should recognize the shapes of the Golgi and ER even if they cannot read the captions.

20. Mitochondria Nickname: Powerhouse of the cell
Converts ‘food’ into energy the cell can use
Needs oxygen like a furnace to convert energy
Many mitochondria found in muscle cells
Explain that this diagram shows the mitochondria cut open to reveal the internal membranes.

22. Cytoplasm Nickname: Factory Floor
Clear jelly-like fluid that contains all the organelles
Made mostly of water
Moves materials throughout the cells
Chloroplasts absorb light, which is the catalyst for photosynthesis.

23. Plant Cells Have most of the same organelles as animal cells
Chloroplasts absorb light, which is the catalyst for photosynthesis.

24. Plant Cell
Vacuole
Cell Membrane

25. Vacuoles Function: Storage container for water, food, etc.
Large central vacuole
usually in plant cells
Many smaller vacuoles in
animal cells
Stores water in plants
This is what makes lettuce crisp
When there is no water, the plant wilts
The image is 2D, so it must have been a light microscope or TEM. If the cell is very tiny, then a TEM was used. Otherwise, a strong light microscope could have captured this image.

26. Plant Cell
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Membrane

27. Chloroplast
Function: traps energy from the sun to produce food for the plant cell
Found only in plant cells
Green in color because of chlorophyll, which is a green pigment
Chloroplasts absorb light, which is the catalyst for photosynthesis.

28. Plant Cell
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall

29. Cell Wall
Function: provides support and protection to the cell membrane
Found in plant and bacterial cells
Rigid, protective barrier
Located outside of the cell membrane
Made of cellulose (fiber)
That’s what makes celery crunchy
This is an actual microscopic image. Explain that the colors are added digitally to enhance the different parts.

30. Quick Review Which organelle is the control center of the cell?
Nucleus
Which organelle holds the cell together?
Cell membrane
Which organelles are not found in animal cells?
Cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplasts
Which organelle helps plant cells make food?
Chloroplasts
What does E.R. stand for?
Endoplasmic reticulum
You may choose to delete the answers from the PowerPoint or change the animation so that they come in after all 5 questions are asked in case you want to quiz students individually at the end.