1. Grinding

3. - An abrasive machining process that uses grinding wheel as the cutting tool -Hand-cranked knife-sharpening stones (grindstone) -Handheld power tools (angle grinder) -expensive industrial tools -Small bench grinders often found in garages and basements

4. Surface grinding - Is used to produce smooth finish on flat surfaces - Most common grinding operation - Widely used - Typical workpiece materials include cast iron and mild steel -Grinding at high temperatures could weaken the material and it is more inclined to corrode.

5. Cylindrical grinding - Also called center-type grinding - Removes cylindrical surfaces of the workpiece - Workpiece must be constantly rotating -

6. Creep-feed grinding - Invented in Germany late 1950s - It is used removing large amounts of material - Is highly accurate - Used for high rates of material removal - Is used to keep workpiece temperature low

7. Others Form grinding is a specialized type of cylindrical grinding where the grinding wheel has the exact shape of the final product. Internal grinding is used to grind the internal diameter of the workpiece.

8. Others Electrochemical grinding is a type of grinding in which a positively charged workpiece in a conductive fluid is eroded by a negatively charged grinding wheel.