1. Infrared Telescopes Andrea, Scott, and Martín Visit www.worldofteaching.comwww.worldofteaching.com For 100’s of free powerpoints

2. Infrared…wait what?!?!? Infrared is a certain region in the light spectrum Ranges from.7µ to 1000µ or.1mm Broken into near, mid, and far infrared One step up on the light spectrum from visible light Measure of heat

3. Infrared Telescopes Infrared telescopes work much like visible light telescopes Light hits parabolic mirror Light is sent to focal point Light is recorded by computer and translated into visible light

4. History of Infrared Thirty years ago images were created by crude temperature readings and simple recording devices In 1980’s the military dedicated the first large sum of money towards infrared advancement (high background infrared) Recently scientists have changed the technology to focus on lower background heat and high sensitivity to fit the applications needed for astronomy

5. Problems with Infrared 99% of infrared rays are absorbed by water in our atmosphere The use of airplanes, weather balloons, and space bound telescopes help to solve these problems Infrared

6. Another Problemo Everything in the universe above absolute zero radiates heat (infrared) This means the heat from the telescope may interfere with data Everything is cooled to almost absolute 0

7. Why Do We Need Infrared Telescopes? Infrared telescopes allow astronomers to gain information about regions in space that might otherwise remain invisible. http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/ir_tutorial/psc_allsky.html

8. These regions include: Cool states of matter Regions obscured by clouds of dust or gas particles http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/ir_tutorial/animation.html

9. Cool States of Matter Most solid bodies in space vary in temperature from 3 Kelvin’s to 1500 Kelvin's. This means that extremely cool objects undetectable to the human eye can be studied using infrared telescopes. These can include…include http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/picturegallery/index.shtml

10. Stars Infrared galaxies Clouds of particles around stars Nebulae Interstellar molecules Brown dwarfs Planets http://swtrekking.com/photo_gallery/images/stars.jpg http://www.astr.tohoku.ac.jp/~tohru/AGgroup/arp220image.jpg http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/ContentMedia/M16WF2.jpg http://www.iras.ucalgary.ca/~volk/crab_infrared_lg.gif

11. Clouds of Dust and Gas Some bodies of matter in space are hidden behind huge clouds of dust particles or gas. These include the centers of galaxies and clouds containing forming stars and planets. Infrared telescopes allow scientists to view these regions much more easily

12. The Early Universe The Universe is constantly expanding Because of this, most of the radiation emitted from distant stars is in the infrared spectrum. Our views of these distant bodies of matter in space actually show us how they looked a long, long time ago. http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/cosmic_reference/redshift.html

13. To gain a greater knowledge about bodies of matter in space, we need information about all of the different forms of radiation that they emit.

14. SOFIA Airborne Observatory Reduces Atmospheric Interference Will begin observing in 2005

15. SOFIA 747SP Aircraft 2.5 meter reflector Largest telescope put in an aircraft

16. UKIRT Earth-based Largest infrared telescope Located on Mauna Kea in Hawaii 3.8 meter reflector A lot of atmospheric interference

17. Spitzer Space Telescope Largest infrared telescope in space No atmospheric interference.85 m reflector Cryogenically cooled so not to interfere with signals

18. Spitzer’s Cryostat Infrared is mostly heat waves, Spitzer is cool so its own heat does not interfere with signals 1.4 degrees kelvin

19. Spitzer Images

20. Bibliography http://www.sofia.arc.nasa.gov/Sofia/sofia.ht mlhttp://www.sofia.arc.nasa.gov/Sofia/sofia.ht ml http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/about/index. shtmlhttp://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/about/index. shtml http://www.jach.hawaii.edu/JACpublic/UKI RT/home.htmlhttp://www.jach.hawaii.edu/JACpublic/UKI RT/home.html