1. Kingdon Trap Hande Akbas Kealan Naughton Alexander Fuchs-Fuchs

2. Kingdon Trap

3. Kingdon Trap with SIMION Create a working Kingdon trap in SIMION Results - Energy range of potentially trapped particles Improvements

4. What is a Kingdon Trap? One of the first ion traps Radial trapping - two concentric cylinders with potential difference Axial trapping -ends with higher potential Ions are trapped in stable orbits if they possess the right angular momentum Static applied voltage results in a radial logarithmic potential between the electrodes Ions pulled in elliptical orbits

5. How it works Static applied voltage results in a radial logarithmic potential between the electrodes Ions pulled in elliptical orbits

6. The Kingdon Trap Symmetrical device Inner cylinder a wire Outer cylinder a hollow tube Put caps on the ends

7. Theory Maximum and minimum energies defined by maximum and minimum orbits Energy Max: 768 eV Energy Minimum: 43 eV

8. The Trap Outer cylinder radius: 50 mm Length: 300 mm Inner cylinder: 5mm The end caps separated by a few mm

9. SIMION steps Build the Geometry Fly the first particles

10. Getting the particles inside Problem: Sealed cylinder Make injection point This addition must be kept same potential as caps and outer cylinder, for uniform distribution

11. In action Getting the particles inside

12. Defining the energy range Energy Too High: Collide with outer cylinder Too Low: Collide with inner rod

13. What we found Inner rod Potential: -3200 V Caps and cylinder: 20 V Minimum energy: 43 eV (38 eV) Max energy: 580 eV (768 eV) Mass independent

14. Improvements Never been reported to produce mass spectra Modified version - Orbitrap - used as a mass spectrometer

15. Orbitrap Type of mass spectrometer outerbarrel-like electrode and coaxial inner spindle like electrode Electric field: quadro-logarithmic potential distribution

16. Orbitrap Oscillation frequency: independent of ion velocity, Inversely proportional to square root. Characteristic of the mass of the particle High accuracy: 1-2 ppm High resolving power: 200,000 resolving power proportional to the number of harmonic oscillations

17. Conclusions Simulation of a working ion trap Defined energy range agrees with theory Upgrades can be made into a working mass spectrometer

18. Don’t get Caught