1. Birds By Michelle Anderson and Carly Poesch
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Class Aves

2. Habitat
In time, birds have adapted to live in diverse regions including: Forests, mountains, deserts, oceans, marshes, and many more

3. Food Source
Early in earth’s history, birds ate animal food, but seed eating came later
They now eat almost everything including: Nectar, roots, grass, and seeds

4. Importance to Humans and Environment
Birds that eat other animals or, predator birds, have an important role in the food chain.
They keep rodents under control, helping farmers.
Birds help stop the spread of some diseases.
Birds spread pollen and seed to help reproduction of plants.

5. Unique Characteristics
For a 170 lb. man to exert as much energy as a bird, he would have to eat 285 lbs of hamburger or double his weight in potatoes.
Some birds have hollow bones to make them lighter, so they can fly.
Some birds can maintain a body temp of 40 degrees Celsius even on cold winter days

6. Skeletal/Support System
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7. Respiration
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8. Respiration
Birds need a steady stream of oxygen to fly, and to be able to release large amounts of CO2
The respiration cycle of a bird is much more effective than a mammals, transferring more air with each breath
Basically, birds breath in and out at the same time

9. Reproductive System
95% of birds are socially monogamous, they pair with one mate for at least the length of the breeding season.
Cloaca is the reproductive organ in birds.
Eggs are fertilized and given nutrients inside the female before the hard shell forms.

10. Sensory/Nervous system
Birds are very intelligent, they must fly at high speeds, catch prey from long distances, and migrate thousands of miles.
This demands lots of gathering and processing information
Bird senses are more advanced than humans.
Birds have great vision, but taste and smell are not as well developed.

11. Sensory System-Migration
Birds have a sixth sense-to migrate
It is a magnetic sense; like an internal compass
Some few birds, do not have this sense and have learned to use the stars for migration

12. Circulatory System Birds have a closed circulatory system.
A Closed Circulatory system is a blood circulation system in which blood moves through the body in closed vessels.

13. Excretory System Bird’s waste systems are much like reptiles
Waste is removed from blood from the kidney
Then converted to uric acid and put in the cloaca
There water is absorbed and bird droppings are formed

14. Digestive System
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15. Examples
Flamingo
Toucan
King Penguin
Humming Bird

16. Bird Flight

17. Feathers
Feathers are an adaptation that has enabled them to become successful.
Birds have been around since the time of the dinosaurs

18. Beak Adaptations
The beaks are adapted to the kind of food the bird eats.
The toucan has a large, strong beak to slice food
The long beak of a pelican is ideal for getting fish

19. Bird Feet
Birds have hind limbs used for walking, swimming, running, or perching
Front limbs have modified into wings

20. Endotherms Definition of Endotherms: The heat from within
The bird’s body is insulated enough to conserve most of its metabolic energy.
They can maintain a constant high body temp

21. Orders There are 27 orders of birdsN
There are 27 orders of birds
More than ½ are Passeriformes, which include house sparrows and perching birds
Struthionifrmes- Ostriches
Casuariiforms- Emus

22. Works Cited
Anatomy. 1 Apr <
Anatomy and Physiology of Birds. 2 Apr
Bird Anatomy. Anatomy of Animals. 7 Apr <
Bird Beaks Names. 3 Apr
Birds. 1 Apr <
Birds Feet. Children's Page. 4 Apr <
Brown Thrasher. 4 Apr <
Digestive System. Dkimages. 2 Apr <
Excretory System. 4 Apr <
Grasse, Pierre P. "The Digestive System." Larousse Encyclopedia of the Animal World. 1969th ed. 1 vols
Greater Flamingos At the Audubon Zoo in New Orleans. National Geographic. 5 Apr <

23. Humming Bird. 5 Apr. 2008 <http://www. cssplay. co
Internal Anatomy. Dkimages. 1 Apr <
The King Penguin: Coming Soon. 5 Apr <king-penguins.com/>.
Miller, and Levine. Biology the Living Science. Upper Saddle River: Prentice-Hall, Inc,
Perterson, Roger. The Birds
"Skelatal System." 21 Mar Mar <wikipedia.org>.
Tucan. Wikipedia. 5 Apr <
Urban Hawks. NYC. Urban Hawks. 1 Apr <
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 3 Apr <
Why Birds Migrate. 1 Apr <
Wilson's Warbler September Apr <
World's 2nd Biggest Bird: the Emu. 5 Apr <