1. WATER AND DOWLING VILLAGE Chris Covel, Geologist 5-25-05
Covel & Associates, LLC

2. SIMPLIFIED EXPRESSION OF THE WATER BALANCE EQUATION OF HYDROLOGY
P = T+R+I+E+S
P — PRECIPITATION
T — TRANSPIRATION
R — RUNOFF
I — INFILTRATION
E — EVAPORATION
S — STORAGE
Covel & Associates, LLC

3. P = T+ R+ I+ E+ S Assume Precipitation average remains the same:
Developments such as Dowling Village will put this equation out of equilibrium by paving over large areas. Paving also presents a potential problem, if the runoff is contaminated.
Assume Precipitation average remains the same:
Transpiration will decrease
Runoff will increase
Infiltration will decrease
Evaporation will increase
Storage will decrease
P = T+ R+ I+ E+ S
Covel & Associates, LLC

4. The site
is in a wellhead
protection area.
Covel & Associates, LLC

5. threat of contamination. If the land is largely
currently
forested. The drinking
water is considered
under moderate
threat of contamination.
If the land is largely
paved, water contamination
will increase to high threat.
See next page.
Covel & Associates, LLC

6. The area has
21 acres of wetlands.
Covel & Associates, LLC

7. University of Rhode Island Lorraine Joubert, Program Director URI Nonpoint Education for Municipal Offices letter dated 26-Apr-05 to Paul Dupuis, N. Smithfield Cons. Com.
“If any portion of the commercial development is determined to be within the drinking water supply watershed, then the potential impact to water quantity and quality is a serious concern.”
“Reservoir 1 is currently rated at ‘moderate’ risk of contamination, increasing to a ‘high’ risk rating with future development based on current zoning.”
Covel & Associates, LLC

8. University of Rhode Island Lorraine Joubert, Program Director URI Nonpoint Education for Municipal Offices letter dated 26-Apr-05 to Paul Dupuis, N. Smithfield Cons. Com.
“Reduce the extent of land disturbance permitted on the parcel to retain naturally vegetated areas for stormwater infiltration and filtering of sediment, phosphorus and other pollutants.”
Covel & Associates, LLC

9. University of Rhode Island Lorraine Joubert, Program Director URI Nonpoint Education for Municipal Offices letter dated 26-Apr-05 to Paul Dupuis, N. Smithfield Cons. Com.
“The focus should be on controlling runoff volume and providing a very high level of treatment for sediment and phosphorus.”
Covel & Associates, LLC

10. “This may include…analysis of water quality impacts”
University of Rhode Island Lorraine Joubert, Program Director URI Nonpoint Education for Municipal Offices letter dated 26-Apr-05 to Paul Dupuis, N. Smithfield Cons. Com.
“Rhode Island towns have the authority to hire consulting professionals to assist in review of land development projects to minimize the burden on town staff and provide specialized expertise, using land development application fees to cover the expense.”
“This may include…analysis of water quality impacts”
Covel & Associates, LLC

11. University of Rhode Island Lorraine Joubert, Program Director URI Nonpoint Education for Municipal Offices letter dated 26-Apr-05 to Paul Dupuis, N. Smithfield Cons. Com.
“Certainly verifying the exact location of any proposed development project relative to the watershed boundaries and direction of water flow to and from the site would be a priority at the earliest stages of project review.”
Covel & Associates, LLC

12. Bedrock Aquifer Discussion
Major bedrock lineaments.
Three different bedrock contacts.
Town of North Smithfield’s Comprehensive Plan Five-Year Update 2005, Section G Surface and Groundwater Water Resources refers to OVERBURDEN aquifers only - no BEDROCK discussion
Covel & Associates, LLC

13. Covel & Associates, LLC

14. location for groundwater.
These lineament
fractures also
suggest this is a good
location for groundwater.
Covel & Associates, LLC

15. Bedrock Aquifer Discussion
If the bedrock aquifers had been mapped, this site would have been identified as a potential bedrock water supply source.
Proposed development of this area threatens existing and/or future water supply wells in the site vicinity with potential contamination.
Covel & Associates, LLC

16. Contaminant Threats NaCl (salt) – parking lot
MTBE (Methyl-T-Butyl-Ether) – gasoline additive, parking lot
Other Petroleum runoff – parking lot
Phosphorus – fertilizer
Nitrogen – fertilizer
ANFO (Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil) – blasting agent
Covel & Associates, LLC

17. The land is proposed to be mixed use, with large-scale retail.
Covel & Associates, LLC

18. The site has steep slopes and plentiful bedrock.
Covel & Associates, LLC

19. Covel & Associates, LLC

20. Covel & Associates, LLC

21. Covel & Associates, LLC