1. Internal Citations Be wise! Do not plagiarize! Be wise! Do not plagiarize!

2. Why use internal citations? / You need to give credit to authors! / Avoid plagiarizing! / You need to give credit to authors! / Avoid plagiarizing!

3. When to use citations? / A direct quotation/partial quote: exact repetition of author’s words / All quotations MUST have a lead-in sentence and a follow up sentence. / Use quotation marks for a “short quote” (fewer than 4 lines in your paper) / A direct quotation/partial quote: exact repetition of author’s words / All quotations MUST have a lead-in sentence and a follow up sentence. / Use quotation marks for a “short quote” (fewer than 4 lines in your paper)

4. / Following the quotation, type the author’s name and page number in parentheses. The period FOLLOWS the parentheses in a short quote. / Example (Smith 5). / Long quotations: 4 or more lines of typed text. / Indent each line two tabs, place a period after the passage. Type the author’s name and page number in ( ) / Following the quotation, type the author’s name and page number in parentheses. The period FOLLOWS the parentheses in a short quote. / Example (Smith 5). / Long quotations: 4 or more lines of typed text. / Indent each line two tabs, place a period after the passage. Type the author’s name and page number in ( )

5. GUIDELINES / In parentheses: author followed by page number / PERIOD COMES AFTER THE PARENTHESES: / (Smith 3). / In parentheses: author followed by page number / PERIOD COMES AFTER THE PARENTHESES: / (Smith 3).

6. / If no page number is given: / (Smith n.pag.). / If no author is given, use the first important word in the title: / (“The Hindenburg” 803). / If titles are similar or the same, use key words: (“The Hindenburg Disaster” 579). / If no page number is given: / (Smith n.pag.). / If no author is given, use the first important word in the title: / (“The Hindenburg” 803). / If titles are similar or the same, use key words: (“The Hindenburg Disaster” 579).

7. / When stating the author’s name in paraphrase or quote, you DO NOT need to include the author’s name inside of the parentheses: / Sischy stated that Coco Chanel was not just ahead of her time, she was ahead of herself (166). / When stating the author’s name in paraphrase or quote, you DO NOT need to include the author’s name inside of the parentheses: / Sischy stated that Coco Chanel was not just ahead of her time, she was ahead of herself (166).

8. / When stating the author’s name in paraphrase or quote, you DO NOT need to include the author’s name inside of the parentheses: / Sischy stated that Coco Chanel was not just ahead of her time, she was ahead of herself (166). / When stating the author’s name in paraphrase or quote, you DO NOT need to include the author’s name inside of the parentheses: / Sischy stated that Coco Chanel was not just ahead of her time, she was ahead of herself (166).

9. / If you have an author of more than one source, use a key word from the title: / (Jones Flight 150). / If you have an author of more than one source, use a key word from the title: / (Jones Flight 150).

10. / If you are using the same source within the same paragraph, simply include the page number: / Chanel could not afford the styles of her time, so she created and wore her own designs (Sischy 1). The loose-fitting sweater was one of Chanel’s first accomplishments (2). / If you are using the same source within the same paragraph, simply include the page number: / Chanel could not afford the styles of her time, so she created and wore her own designs (Sischy 1). The loose-fitting sweater was one of Chanel’s first accomplishments (2).

11. / If sources have the same title, “Scottsboro Trial,” you need to include part of the source title: / (“Scottsboro Trial” The New York Times 7). / If sources have the same title, “Scottsboro Trial,” you need to include part of the source title: / (“Scottsboro Trial” The New York Times 7).

12. / Periods ALWAYS come after the parentheses, unless it is an extended quote.

13. Questions ?