1. The Crisis Deepens
Chapter 10 Section 3

2. Birth of the Republican Party
Kansas-Nebraska Act -> replaced Missouri Compromise
Had major effect on Democratic and Whig parties
Whip Party-> Southern=pro-slavery and Northern=antislavery
Anger over the Kansas-Nebraska Act led to new coalition-> Whigs, Free-Soil Party, and antislavery Democrats created the Republican Party ( also called Anti-Nebraska, Fusion, People’s, and Independent Party)
Began during Congressional elections in 1854

7. Republicans Organize Organized in July of 1854
Took name from Jefferson’s original party
Wanted prevent Southern planters from controlling the federal gov’t
Agreed slavery should be kept out of territories
Northern voters agreed-> Republicans made great strides in the elections of 1854

8. How the Republican Party was formed?

9. The Know-Nothings Know-Nothings (American Party)
Made great gains due to anger against the Democrats in the north
Were anti-Catholic and nativists
Opposed immigration
Were scared they would take jobs
Used this ideology to win seats in Congress and state legislature
Eventually split over slavery and Northern party members merged with Republicans
Slavery>than immigration

11. Election of 1856
John C. Fremont (Rep.) vs. James Buchannan (Dem.) vs. Millard Fillmore (American Party)
Two separate contests:
Buchannan vs. Fremont (North)
Dems. Campaigned on the idea that Buchannan could save the Union and Fremont’s election would cause the South to secede
Buchannan won
Buchannan vs. Fillmore (South)
Buchannan had solid support in the South=easy win

14. Dred Scott vs. Sanford (1857)
Background: Scott was a slave from Missouri, had been shuffled from one family to another - one Northern state to another - eventually abolitionists decide to use him as a test case.
Three Questions of the case:
1. Were blacks CITIZENS under the meaning of the constitution?
Ruling- No, they are property.
2. Does residence in a free state make a slave free?
Ruling-No
3. Does residence North of the N Latitude line make a slave free?
Ruling-No, Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.

15. Sectional Division Grows
Dred Scott Decision
In his March 1857 inaugural address, Buchanan suggested that the Supreme Court decide the question of slavery in the territories
Two days later Supreme Court released the Dred Scott v. Sanford ruling
Dred Scot is the first case since Marbury v. Madison that the supreme court found an act of congress unconstitutional.
America’s Response:
North: Slavery has become a southern conspiracy. There is no telling when slavery will end, or how far it will reach.
South: Yay!
Increased sectional conflict-> b/c federal gov’t couldn’t prohibit slavery in any territories

16. Dred Scott v. Sanford

17. Dred Scott v. Sanford

18. Sectional Division Grows
Dems for decision-> Reps condemned it and claimed it was not binding
Reps argued it was an obiter dictum->incidental opinion not called for by all circumstances of the case
Southerners called for Northerners to obey the decision or they would secede the Union

19. Kansas’s Lecompton Constitution
Gov’t fueled conflict b/w pro and antislavery forces in “Bleeding Kansas”
Buchannan urged statehood
constitution was drafted in Lecompton->legalized slavery in the territory
Each side held their own referendum-> anti forces opposed and pro forces approved it
Buchanan accepted pros vote and asked Kansas be admitted as slave state
Senate accepted Lecompton Constitution
Caused fights to break out in Congress

20. Kansas’s Lecompton Constitution
Pres. Buchanan and Southern leaders agreed to allow another referendum-> Southerners were confident b/c if rejected Kansas would be delayed statehood 2yrs.
In 1858, settlers of Kansas rejected the Lecompton Constitution
Became a state in 1861

21. Lincoln and Douglas Read Lincoln and Douglas on pg. 336-337
Reading Checks:
Lincoln’s background
Douglas’ background
Location of the pivotal debate b/w the 2
Significant Questions and responses
Election winner
Lincoln’s positive impact

22. Lincoln and Douglas
Stephen Douglas
Abraham Lincoln

23. Lincoln-Douglas Debate

24. Lincoln-Douglas Debate

25. John Brown’s Raid Read pg. 337.
Write a brief summary of John Brown’s Raid.
Discuss all of the following:
What happened?
Who was involved?
Where did it take place?
What were the results of the incident?

26. John Brown’s Raid