1. Presented by: Julie K Balassa Office for Students with Disabilities Valencia College Who is leaning and who is supporting? CandoCo’s Victoria Main and co-performers http://www.disabilitynow.org.uk/entertainment/arts/from-my-bedroom-to-the-olympics

2. Community of Us jkb 2012  AHEAD IMAG (Instructional Materials Accessibility Group)  ATHEN (Access Technology Higher Education Network  DSSHE (Disabled Student Services in Higher Education)  ATN (Access Text Network)  AAP (American Association of Publishers)  NFB (National Federation of the Blind)  AMX (Alternate Media eXchange Database)

3. Community of You  Academic Departments (Dean, Faculty, Staff Assistants)  Book Store  Campus Administration  Financial Aid (FWS)  Internship Office  Library (Director, librarians, checkout staff)  OIT (CIO, techs, web design team, AV, etc.)  Student Development/Student Life  Word Processing  STUDENTS! jkb 2012

4. If they are to have a choice, we have no choice. jkb 2012

5. Half a Dozen Laws  Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973  The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA)  The Americans with Disabilities Amendments Act of 2008 (ADAA)  Section 504, the ADA, and the ADAA apply to recipients of Federal financial assistance  Section 508 of the Rehab Act applies to Federal government and maybe education sector  Copyright Law  Fair Use  Chafee Amendment  State and local laws jkb 2012

6. Section 504  A recipient... shall take such steps as are necessary to ensure that no handicapped student is denied the benefits of, excluded from participation in, or otherwise subjected to discrimination under the education program or activity operated by the recipient because of the absence of educational auxiliary aids for students with impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills. jkb 2012

7. ADA and ADAA  A public entity shall furnish appropriate auxiliary aids and services where necessary to afford an individual with a disability an equal opportunity to participate in, and enjoy the benefits of, a service, program, or activity conducted by a public entity. jkb 2012

8. Auxiliary Aids and services may include:  Taped texts  Notetakers  Interpreters  Readers  Videotext displays  Television enlargers  Talking calculators  Braille calculators, printers, or typewriters  Telephone amplifiers  Closed or open captioning  Voice synthesizers  Specialized gym equipment  Calculators or keyboards with large buttons  Reaching device for library  Tactile graphics  Assistive listening devices  Telecommunication devices for deaf persons jkb 2012

9. Section 508  [E]ach Federal department or agency…shall ensure, unless an undue burden would be imposed on the department or agency, that the electronic and information technology allows…individuals with disabilities to have [comparable] access and use of information and data.  Mandatory in some states, best practice in others  Applies to  Development, procurement, maintenance, use jkb 2012

10. Enforcement  Office for Civil Rights (OCR)  Ordinarily handles grievances from students  Typically calls in the DOJ if litigation is involved  Department of Justice (DOJ)  Students can file a grievance directly with the DOJ  DOJ may refer it back to OCR if no litigation  Both the OCR and DOJ interpret the laws and make decisions that constitute precedent. jkb 2012

11. Important Interpretations  The OCR) has repeatedly interpreted the term "communication" in this context to mean the transfer of information, including (but not limited to) the verbal presentation of a lecturer, the printed text of a book, and the resources of the Internet.  In construing the conditions under which communication is "as effective as" that provided to non-disabled persons, on several occasions OCR has regarded the three basic components of effectiveness as  timeliness of delivery  accuracy of the translation  provision in a manner and medium appropriate to the significance of the message and the abilities of the individual with the disability AHEAD Position Statement jkb 2012

12. What if there’s a grievance? The OCR/DOJ will investigate and look for  An accessibility map  Clear and easily accessible ADA Coordinator information  Clear and easily accessible grievance process information  Discrimination grievance is not the same as grade grievance!  Clear and easily accessible policies/guidelines that are  Reasonable  Not designed to exclude  Compliance – mainly that communication with the student with a disability was as effective as communication with others jkb 2012

13. Scenarios Is this OK? A student who is blind requests a format compatible with Jaws. You provide an audio recording (delivery method inconsequential). A student with a reading disorder requests a “book on tape”. You provide an HTML file that must be read with a screenreader. jkb 2012

14. Scenarios Is this OK? A student requests a math text in audio format. You provide a publisher PDF file. A student makes a timely alt format request. You lose some staff so extend your turnaround time. jkb 2012

15. Scenarios Is this OK? A student who is blind makes a timely alt format request for a foreign language textbook. You’re under-staffed so you explain that you cannot provide a file in which languages are auto- detected and the student will have to manually toggle voices. A student requests the 5 th edition of a textbook. Learning Ally does not have the 5 th edition and you have no time to produce it so you provide the 4 th edition. jkb 2012

16. One way or another  You can build it into the infrastructure.  Or you can provide ad-hoc individual accommodations.  One way or another, you must satisfy student need. Which is more sustainable? jkb 2012

17. Copyright Law  Copyright protection subsists…in original works of authorship fixed in any tangible medium of expression, now known or later developed, from which they can be perceived, reproduced, or otherwise communicated, either directly or with the aid of a machine or device.  The owner of a copyright has the exclusive right to reproduce, distribute, perform, display, license, and to prepare derivative works based on the copyrighted work.  But there are limitations on exclusive rights. jkb 2012

18. Limitation on Exclusive Rights Fair Use  …the fair use of a copyrighted work, including such use by reproduction in copies or phonorecords or by any other means specified by that section, for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright.  4 factors to be considered:  Purpose & character of use  Nature of copyrighted work  Amount & substantiality of portion used:work as a whole  Effect of use upon potential market jkb 2012

19. Limitation on Exclusive Rights Chafee Amendment (PL 104-197)  "(a) Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 106 and 710, it is not an infringement of copyright for an authorized entity to reproduce or to distribute copies or phonorecords of a previously published, nondramatic literary work if such copies or phonorecords are reproduced or distributed in specialized formats exclusively for use by blind or other persons with disabilities. jkb 2012

20. Chafee “Authorized Entity”  …'authorized entity' means a nonprofit organization or a governmental agency that has a primary mission to provide specialized services relating to training, education, or adaptive reading or information access needs of blind or other persons with disabilities.  Post-secondary institutions are not considered Authorized Entities.  That means we must obtain permission to scan and distribute and we must obtain proof of purchase. jkb 2012

21. Now for the nitty gritty jkb 2012  Is he saying “What’s a grit?” or “What’s an alt format”?

22. Alternate Format The choice to access material in formats other than standard print jkb 2012

23. A Dozen Policies/Procedures  Be registered with disability services  Be registered in the class  Turnaround time  Request in time  1 st & 2 nd preference (opportunity to change?)  Provide proof of purchase for publisher files  Check email (or other) for notice that files are ready  Check alt format materials when received  Do not distribute (sell, post on Facebook, etc.)  Return or delete at end of term or if withdraw  Contact DSS if contact info changes  Consequences for failure to abide by agreement jkb 2012

24. Half a Dozen Alt Format Processes  Student request  Data entry  Order (Learning Ally, publisher, ATN, etc.)  Satisfied and download or receive CD  Denied and research other options  Safe Storage  Production  Delivery jkb 2012

25. Student Request  Online form  Local form  In-person jkb 2012  Who gathers the book information?  Institutional textbook selection process  Institutional textbook ordering process  Timeline sync  availability of book information  start of classes  alt format turn-around time

26. Request Data Tracking  Excel spreadsheet  Online form data autopopulates csv file  Automatically emails stakeholders  E-mail folders  Hard copy files  Other? jkb 2012

27. Order  Ordering staff  You  Your assistant  Department staff assistant  Student workers  Ordering portal  Learning Ally, Bookshare, APH (Louis), Project Gutenberg, et al  ATN – 2 levels of membership, free and paid/file contribution  Publisher websites et al  Ordering steps  Place order  Check status  To be continued… jkb 2012

28. Ordering steps  Satisfied  Download files/receive CD  Store  Denied  Beg – use the word “desperate”  Contact publisher rep  Contact publisher admin  Contact archivist (you may end up wearing a concrete overcoat)  Research other digital options (e.g. Kindle for PC version)  Communicate with the student! jkb 2012

29. Safe Storage – Location  Cabinet  Local drive  Network drive  Removable drive jkb 2012

30. Safe Storage - Subjects jkb 2012

31. Safe Storage - Folder Naming Convention jkb 2012

32. Safe Storage - File Naming Convention jkb 2012

33. Production - Hardware Tool Kit  Decent computer with enough processor speed & memory  Dual monitors  High-speed scanner  Guillotine  Tactile graphics production equipment e.g. PIAF  Braille embosser  DAISY portable player for testing?  Mobile devices for testing?  Headphones, earplugs, ear buds  Food & gifts jkb 2012

34. Production - Software Tool Kit jkb 2012  Dolphin Publisher - DAISY production  MS Word 2007  Adobe Acrobat Pro – PDF production  Abbyy FineReader or Scansoft OmniPage - OCR  Dreamweaver or Notepad - HTML production  Infty, Scientific Notebook and/or MathType - math production  Duxbury Braille Translation SW  Adobe Illustrator - tactile graphics production  Dolphin Easy Converter or K3000 - MP3 production  Dolphin Easy Converter - multi-purpose (11 in – 5 out)

35. Production – A Dozen Input Formats  Microsoft Word documents  Rich Text Format  Text  EPUB files (open or unprotected files)  PDF  HTML  Website data  Test bank data  Scanned paper documents  NIMAS  KESI (Kurzweil 3000)  Image files - JPEG, TIFF, EPS, BMP etc. jkb 2012

36. Production – A Dozen Output Formats  Microsoft Word documents  Rich Text Format  Text  DAISY  PDF – edited  HTML/XML  KESI  MP3  Large Print  Braille  Tactile Graphics  Image files with alt text jkb 2012

37. Production - Materials  Course materials– textbooks, packets, manuals, etc.  Required  Optional  Institutional materials including  Orientation  Deadlines  Maps  Exams including  Course  Entrance  Exit  Online including  LMS (Learning Management System)  Lecture capture  Websites  Internal  External jkb 2012

38. Half a Dozen Accessibility Rules  Rule 1: It’s not real text just because it looks like text.  Rule 2: It’s not real math just because it looks like math.  Rule 3: A picture has no real text just because it looks like text.  Rule 4: It’s not real foreign language just because it looks like foreign language.  Rule 5: It’s not a real list just because it looks like a list.  Rule 6: It doesn’t stand out just because it looks like it does. jkb 2012

39. Rule 1  It’s not real text just because it looks like text.  If you click & the whole thing is selected, it’s not real text.  If you scanned it & didn’t OCR it, it’s not real text.  If you wrote on it, your cursive writing is not real text. jkb 2012

40. Rule 2 It’s not real math unless there’s MathML. jkb 2012

41. Rule 3 Text in a picture is not real textunless you add alt text. jkb 2012

42. Rule 4 It’s not really foreign languageunless you set the language. jkb 2012

43. Rule 5 It’s not a real list unless there’s li or group code. jkb 2012

44. Rule 6 It doesn’t really stand outunless there are headers and styles. jkb 2012

45. Production – Triage PDF  Quick & dirty  Add metadata  Set language  Paginate  Add tags  Tools needed: Adobe Acrobat Pro  Intensive – above plus  Fix logical document structure (hierarchical headings etc.)  Set logical reading order  Add bookmarks that correspond to headings  Add alt text for images  Fix tables  Tools needed: Adobe Acrobat Pro jkb 2012

46. Production – Triage Word  Quick & dirty  Clean up styles (normal, H1, H2, H3)  Set language  Paginate  Tools needed: MS Word  Intensive – above plus, including  Clean up styles (nest Headings, fix Lists, etc.)  Set headers & styles according to printed book  Add alt text for images  Fix tables  Tools needed: MS Word jkb 2012

47. Production – Triage DAISY  Quick & dirty  Convert from source PDF or Word file  Tools needed  Dolphin Easy Converter  Dolphin Producer  Save As DAISY plug-in for Word  Intensive  Convert from thoroughly prepared Word or HTML file  Edit on conversion or DAISY side  Tools needed  Dolphin Easy Converter  Dolphin Publisher jkb 2012

48. Production – Triage MP3  Quick & dirty  Convert directly from source file (Word, PDF, HTML, etc.)  Tools needed  Dolphin Easy Converter  Read & Write Gold or Kurzweil 3000  Etc.  Intensive  Thoroughly prepare source file  Tools needed  MS Word  Dreamweaver or Notepad  Dolphin Easy Converter (can produce one MP3 per heading) jkb 2012

49. Production – Math  Tools needed  Infty  Scientific Notebook  MathType  MathDaisy  Text & Math  Text can be copied & pasted or OCR’d  Math must be OCR’d & fixed (Infty) or created from scratch (SN, MathType) jkb 2012

50. Production – Foreign Language  Tools needed  MS Word  Dreamweaver  Dolphin Publisher  Primary language  Set language of or synthesize whole document with primary language  Set language of or synthesize selected sections of secondary language with other voice jkb 2012

51. Production Relief  Products  SARA/EVAS  Zoom Twix  Read & Write Gold  Dolphin Easy Converter  Staff  Permanent  Temporary (loaners, work study students)  Services  Word processing  File exchange  Outsourcing e.g. Badger Accessibility Services http://www.bas.wisc.edu/ http://www.bas.wisc.edu/ jkb 2012

52. Delivery  FTP  Cloud  Media  Email jkb 2012 Give students a choice!

53. Q & A jkb 2012

54. Contact Information Julie K. Balassa Assistant Director Office for Students with Disabilities Valencia College jbalassa@valenciacollege.edu

55. Some Resources ADA/Section 504 info http://www.pacificu.edu/studentlife/lss/faculty/ada504faq.cfmhttp://www.pacificu.edu/studentlife/lss/faculty/ada504faq.cfm Section 508 info http://www.justice.gov/crt/508/508law http://www.section508.gov/index.cfm?fuseAction=1998Amendhttp://www.justice.gov/crt/508/508lawhttp://www.section508.gov/index.cfm?fuseAction=1998Amend Auxiliary Aids info - OCR http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/auxaids.htmlhttp://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/auxaids.html AHEAD http://www.ahead.orghttp://www.ahead.org AHEAD Institute on E-Text Production document http://www.ahead.org/uploads/docs/etext/training/Production%20Training%20Binder%20Spring%202007.pdf http://www.ahead.org/uploads/docs/etext/training/Production%20Training%20Binder%20Spring%202007.pdf AHEAD textbook access position statement http://www.ahead.org/resources/e-text/position-statementhttp://www.ahead.org/resources/e-text/position-statement American Printing House for the Blind http://www.aph.org/http://www.aph.org/ ATHEN http://www.athenpro.org/http://www.athenpro.org/ ATN (Access Text Network) http://www.accesstext.org/http://www.accesstext.org/ Bookshare https://www.bookshare.org/https://www.bookshare.org/ Chafee NLS factsheet http://www.loc.gov/nls/reference/factsheets/copyright.htmlhttp://www.loc.gov/nls/reference/factsheets/copyright.html Copyright info http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/copyrighthttp://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/copyright DAISY info http://daisy.orghttp://daisy.org DSSHE listserv http://listserv.buffalo.edu/cgi-bin/wa?A0=DSSHE-Lhttp://listserv.buffalo.edu/cgi-bin/wa?A0=DSSHE-L Dolphin http://yourdolphin.com/http://yourdolphin.com/ Duxbury Systems http://www.duxburysystems.com/http://www.duxburysystems.com/ HTCTU (High Tech Center Training Unit) http://htctu.nethttp://htctu.net Karlen Communications (Karen McCall) http://www.karlencommunications.com/http://www.karlencommunications.com/ Kurzweil Educational Systems http://www.kurzweiledu.com/default.htmlhttp://www.kurzweiledu.com/default.html Learning Ally http://www.learningally.org/http://www.learningally.org/ MathType, MathPlayer, MathDaisy http://www.dessci.com/en/http://www.dessci.com/en/ NFB info including listservs http://www.nfbnet.org/http://www.nfbnet.org/ Project Gutenberg http://www.gutenberg.org/http://www.gutenberg.org/ Read &Write Gold info http://www.texthelp.com/http://www.texthelp.com/ SARA http://www.freedomscientific.com/products/lv/sara-product-page.asphttp://www.freedomscientific.com/products/lv/sara-product-page.asp Scientific Notebook http://www.mackichan.com/index.html?products/snb.html~mainFramehttp://www.mackichan.com/index.html?products/snb.html~mainFrame Valencia OSD website http://valenciacollege.edu/osdhttp://valenciacollege.edu/osd jkb 2012