1. Circular Economy Conference
Horsens, Denmark
Industrial Symbiosis:
Positive Action for Green Growth
Peter Laybourn
Chief Executive
International Synergies Limited
29th November 2012

2. Contents What is Industrial Symbiosis?
Commissioner Potočnik and IWCAIS
National Industrial Symbiosis Programme (NISP)
Innovation
Recent Policy Activity
International Growth
New Applications
Concluding Remarks

3. 1. What is Industrial Symbiosis?
How does ISL deliver this sustainability

4. What is Industrial Symbiosis?
Numerous academic definitions...
In essence:
Industrial symbiosis is a systems approach to a more sustainable and integrated industrial economy that identifies business opportunities (often through innovation) to improve resource utilisation including materials, energy, water, capacity, expertise and assets

5. Elements of Industrial Symbiosis
Network of diverse organisations
Fostering eco-innovation and long-term culture change
Addresses the market failure of information
Yielding profitable transactions in:
Novel sourcing of inputs
Value added destinations for non-product outputs
Improved business and technical processes
Lombardi & Laybourn, 2012, Journal of Industrial Ecology 16(1):28-37

6. Illustrative Models of Industrial Symbiosis
global
national
organic
region
facilitated
Styria
city IP
Kalundborg – 1972
Styria – ??
BPS – 1996
Devens – 2000
China – 2001
NISP – 2002
Kicox
China
local 6

7. Models of Industrial Symbiosis
Differ in...
Lifetime/Duration
Driver/Initial impulse
Role of facilitation
Scale
But share...
Economic, environmental and social benefits
Cross-sector engagement

8. 2. International Working Conference on
Applied Industrial Symbiosis
(“Positive Action for Green Growth”)

9. Johnson Matthey, Alstom, Toyota, Ricoh, GIZ, URS Corporation, TATA, Dong Energy, Veolia, Landmark, Plastics Europe, Befesa Civils, McKinsey, HSBC, Noble Foods, TESCO and Birmingham City Council
DG Enterprise (Commissioner Potočnik), DG Environment, EEA, UNEP, World Bank, Committee on Climate Change, John Elkington, OECD, Invest Northern Ireland, CBI and Forum for the Future
Including practitioners from the UK, Australia, Brazil, China, Denmark (Kalundborg Symbiosis), Hungary, Korea, Mexico, Nigeria, Turkey and the USA

10. Four Global Themes Climate Change and Energy Security
Eco-Innovation and Green Growth
Materials Security
Regional Economic Development
Industrial Symbiosis has proven ability to deliver on these agendas

11. 3. National Industrial Symbiosis Programme
(NISP)

12. NISP: The Pathway To A Low Carbon Sustainable Economy
‘The Pathway To A Low Carbon Sustainable Economy’ charts NISP’s progress since becoming the world’s first national industrial symbiosis programme in 2005
It sets out the compelling argument that the business led NISP has the potential to fulfill a key role in the transition towards a low carbon sustainable economy
Available to download at:

13. Lifetime Impact (Max 5 year)
NISP (England) Delivered Outcomes April March 2012
METRICS
In Year Benefits*
Lifetime Impact (Max 5 year)
Landfill diversion
9 million tonnes
45 million tonnes
CO2 reduction
8 million tonnes
39 million tonnes
Virgin material savings
12 million tonnes
58 million tonnes
Hazardous waste eliminated
0.4 million tonnes
2 million tonnes
Water savings
14 million tonnes
71 million tonnes
Cost savings
€243 million
€1.21 billion
Additional sales
€234 million
€1.71 billion
Jobs
10,000+
???
Private investment
€374 million
€40 million investment since 2005
*all outputs independently verified
Rate Euro £1 = €1.18 13

14. Excellent Return on Investment April 2005 - March 2012
Unit Benefit Realised
In Year Spend
Lifetime Spend
€1 new income generated for industry
€0.02
€0.005
€1 saved by UK industry
1 tonne of virgin material saved
€0.48
€0.100
1 tonne of water saved
€0.40
€0.080
1 tonne of CO2 reduced
€0.73
€0.150
1 tonne of waste diverted from landfill
€0.64
€0.130
1 tonne of hazardous waste eliminated
€13.74
€2.740
Rate Euro £1 = €1.18

15. Organisation: Regionally delivered, Nationally co-ordinated
Began as three regional pilots in 2002/3
and went UK national in 2005
World’s first National Industrial Symbiosis
Programme
Regional practitioner teams across the UK
Investment from UK and regional government
(now in transition to a commercial model)
Business-led Programme Advisory Groups
(PAGs)
Substantial benefits of a national model

16. Practitioners facilitate all stages of synergy
International Synergies’ NISP Process
Practitioners facilitate all stages of synergy

17. NISP has circa 15,000 Members KEY POINTS
Anglian Water Services Ltd
BAE Systems
Balfour Beatty
Bombardier
Denso Manufacturing Ltd
Diageo
Foster Yeoman
HSBC
Jaguar Land Rover
Johnson Matthey
Michelin
Peel Group
RICOH UK Products Ltd
SITA
TATA
Toyota
UK Coal Plc
Veolia
CORPORATES
Alutrade
Howarth Timber Engineering
Arden Wood Shavings
Befesa Salt Slags
Jack Moody Holdings
Bio Waste Solutions
JBR Recovery
BIP Oldbury
John Pointon & Sons Ltd
Coldwater Seaford Ltd
Kingpin
County Mulch
LC Energy
Delkia Bio-energy
Lower Reule Bio Energy
Farrow & Ball
McGrath Barr
Firth Rixson Castings
MJ Allen
G&P Batteries
Montracon
Giffords
New Earth Solutions
Glendale Grounds Maintenance
Ramfoam Ltd
Recycled UK
GPD Developments
Renewable Energy Growers
Green Tech Ltd
Guala Closures Ltd
Teknor Apex
H Sivyer
Westland Horticulture
Works infrastructure Ltd
SMEs
Advantage Waste Solution
Akristos
Analytichem
Angelheart Inc
Arrow Environmental
Blendcheck Ltd
Clarkson Enterprises
Dinano
Ecoideam
Enviro (Grimsby)
Facility Water Management
John Carson Innovations
Kito Engineering Solutions
Manufacturing Production Solutions
Ross Miller Farm
TVLI
Waste Check Ltd
Whitby Recycling Services
MICROS
KEY POINTS
All sizes - Multi-nationals, SMEs, Micros, Entrepreneurs
All sectors
All resources
SMEs represent 90% of membership 17

18. Workshops
Facilitating the exchange of information and best practice between businesses
Tried and tested, interactive business opportunity model
Typically organisations in one room
Can generate 300+ potential synergies from a facilitated ½ day session

19. Opportunity Mapping

20. SYNERGie Management System
On-line project and data management tool
Information on resource and contact details
New and stored historic data
Bespoke report generating capabilities
Vital support and management tool for practitioners
Used in nine countries

21. Facilitated Synergies: Role of Practitioners
Identify ‘IDEAS’
Make introductions
Facilitate negotiations
Provide technical expertise
Mine the network for answers and opportunity
Use their industry expertise and knowledge
Encourage and accelerate synergy progress

22. Success Factors Practitioners Engagement Model Data
Industrial expertise
Long term relationship building & facilitation
Marrying data & expert knowledge
Working with the regulator and technology providers to ‘enable’ IS activity
Engagement Model
Extensive, diverse network
Business opportunity programme
History of exemplary performance
Demand pull on innovation
Data
Quality NISP data & limited access to regulatory data

23. The Constituents of an Industrial Symbiosis Network Managed by International Synergies
Practitioners
Engages with businesses and regulators
Facilitates synergies
Delivers workshops
Innovation Managers
Connects industry to universities
Facilitates knowledge transfer
Embeds innovation within the network
Academia
Connect companies to research
Supports post-graduate learning
Valuable resource for Practitioners
Business Members
Recruited across all sectors
90% SMEs and Micros
15,000 in UK alone
Business Champions
Advocate for industrial symbiosis
Commercial ‘steer’ to the programme
Advice and guidance on delivery

24. Manchester Economics Report: Economic Impact Assessment (2005 - 10)
Total Economic Value Added €1.8bn to €3.0bn, giving an investment multiplier of between
€175 million to €290 million to Treasury in direct receipts
Benefit Cost Ratio in excess of 32:1
3:1 considered good by Government and 8:1 excellent by
Regional Development Agencies 24

25. Manchester Economics Report: Conclusion
NISP, having established the infrastructure to deliver the “symbiosis process” across industry, provides a strong foundation from which to increase the returns from public investment
The triple line benefits achieved to date provide a compelling case for increased investment in the future 25

26. Case Studies

27. Case Study: A Fruitful Collaboration
Companies:
GrowHow UK (formerly Terra Nitrogen)
John Baarda Ltd
Summary:
Ways of using ‘wastes’ from
manufacturing plant to grow tomatoes
all year round
Achievements:
65 new jobs
CO2 reduced by 12,500 tonnes pa
Successful re-use of waste heat
€17 million private investment in region

28. Ricoh disseminates best practice through NISP
Ricoh adopts variable speed drive system
- £5k investment brings positive rate of return in less than 8 months
- Carbon reduction 50 tonnes per annum
Best practice disseminated at NISP event to...
70 UK companies including many SMEs
Technology adopted by GKN with £25k savings per annum and major carbon reduction
EE best practice
dissemination

29. Toyota disseminates best practice through NISP
Toyota adopts energy efficient LED lighting across its facility
- 16% reduction in electricity last year
Best practice disseminated at NISP event hosted by Toyota to...
40 UK companies including Tesco, Next, Royal Mail and many SMEs
Other companies now installing LED lighting
Before: 42 x 400w (single fitting)
After: 42 x 120w (single fitting)

30. Welcome to Michelin Paul Kinkead Environment Manager
File reference : NISP workshop
Author/Dpt: Paul Kinkead EP/ENV
Creation date: 27/392010
Classification: D3
Retention: YC+3
Page: 30 /

31. Reduction in waste to landfill
Corporate target to eliminate process waste to landfill
Challenge: difficult materials to recycle
36 individual waste streams
Use of benchmarking within Michelin
Breakthrough : engagement with NISP to source creative and cost effective solutions
Access to expert solution providers
File reference : NISP workshop
Author/Dpt: Paul Kinkead EP/ENV
Creation date: 27/392010
Classification: D3
Retention: YC+3
Page: 31 /

32. Reduction in waste to landfill
97% reduction achieved
Ballymena factory is the corporate benchmark
Corporate targets achieved 18 months ahead of plan
File reference : NISP workshop
Author/Dpt: Paul Kinkead EP/ENV
Creation date: 27/392010
Classification: D3
Retention: YC+3
Page: 32 /

33. 4. Innovation

34. Industrial Symbiosis creates the space for innovation to happen
“Innovation occurs at the intersection of expertise, diversity and opportunity driven by making novel connections”
“An environment to promote creative serendipity*
through the collisions of thoughts and ideas”
*The Three Princes of Serendip
Horatio Walpole
(in a letter to Horace Mann, 28 January 1754)

35. Technology and Innovation: Eco-Innovation Exemplar
Some potential synergies require innovative solutions
- new technologies
new applications for existing technologies
Immediate demand pull on of R&D and technology innovation
University of Birmingham studies have found a high level of
innovation in synergies
50% involved best available practice
20% involved new research and development
NISP is an EU Environmental Technologies Action Programme
(ETAP) and OECD Eco-Innovation Exemplar

36. Closed-Loop Production
OECD Identifies Industrial Symbiosis as Critical to Growth Agenda
OECD has recently declared industrial symbiosis
‘a la NISP’ to be “an excellent example of systemic
innovation vital for future green growth”
Pollution Control
Cleaner Production
Eco-Efficiency
Lifecycle Management
Closed-Loop Production
Industrial Symbiosis
Production Process
Green Products
Eco-design
New Business Models
New Modes of Provision
Mass Application
Product & Service
Organisational Boundary
Incremental Innovation
Systemic Innovation

37. Industrial Symbiosis Transforms Individual Businesses: John Pointon & Sons Ltd
Pre - NISP: animal renderer inputs: carcasses, outputs:
landfill, CO2 perception: dirty industry
Initial NISP stage: animal by-products diverted from landfill to
cement industry
Second stage: improved efficiency of processes
Third stage: move into bio-fuels utilising more by-product
Fourth stage: move to anaerobic digestion and grid connection
Current situation inputs: carcasses, organic residues outputs:
energy and minerals
Vision: clean energy company

38. 5. Recent Policy Activity
How does ISL deliver this sustainability 38

39. Recent European Policy and Action
Best Practice under the European Waste Framework
Directive (2009)
Roadmap to a Resource Efficient Europe (2011)
Sustainable Industry-Going for Growth & Resource
Efficiency (2011)
European Climate Knowledge and Innovation Community
(2012)
European Resource Efficiency Platform (2012)

40. Underpinning evidence to support policy: COWI Report (2011)
Economic analysis of resource efficiency policies; “the National Industrial Symbiosis Programme has the maximum possible score based on economic and environmental benefits amongst 120 policies from 23 countries” 
The report presents evidence to support a European-wide replication of NISP stating, “NISP shows high potential for improving resource efficiency, and the programme could be successfully replicated in every EU Member State”
“NISP has significant implications for profitability…and provides for a long-term sustainable investment for growth”

41. Now Introduced into Industrial Policy...
“The new industrial policy update to be launched this week will include practical proposals for industrial symbiosis schemes across Europe”
Commissioner Potočnik, in a speech to the
Business Europe Advisory Board and Support Group
October 2012

42. 6. International Growth

43. Replication…already happening
Belgium
Ongoing
Essencia
Brussels
Country
Status
Project
Region/State
Client
United Kingdom
Ongoing
NISP
England, Scotland, N. Ireland & Wales
Defra, Scottish Government, Invest
Northern Ireland, Welsh Government
Slovakia
Complete
Reducing Production Waste
by Industrial Symbiosis
Bratislavsky kraj
ERDF
Poland
Ongoing
EUR-IS
Wroclaw
Climate KIC
Turkey
Ongoing
NISP Turkey
Iskenderun Bay area BP
China
Ongoing
Tianjin Economic Development
Area Industrial Symbiosis Network
Tianjin
European Union Switch Asia
Hungary
Ongoing
NISP Hungary
Kozep-Magyarorszag, Budapest
European Union Life+
Climate KIC
Romania
Complete
ECOREG
Suceava
European Union Life+
South Korea
Ongoing
Co-operation on Eco-Park
Development
China
Complete
Pilot Project – Circular Economy
Yunnan Province
Defra – Sustainable
Development Dialogues
Mexico
Complete
NISP Mexico
Toluca Lerma
Defra – Sustainable
Development Dialogues
Brazil
Ongoing
NISP Brazil
Minas Gerais
Defra – Sustainable
Development Dialogues
Al-Invest
South Africa
Complete
South Africa Industrial
Symbiosis Pilot Programme
Gauteng Province
Defra – Sustainable
Development Dialogues

44. Other current interest... A question of competitiveness?
Argentina
Australia
Canada
Chile (starts December 2012)
Cuba
Finland
Italy (Sicily)
Province of Limburg, Netherlands
Western Cape, South Africa

45. Chinese President Hu Jintao 18th Party Congress, November 2012
“We will have a large scale circular economy and considerably increase the proportion of renewable energy resources in total consumption...”
“ We must give prominence to building a resource –conserving and environmentally friendly society...”
Incoming President Xi Jinping is expected to continue this path

46. Key tasks to introduce a circular economy to China identified as:
Optimise spatial layout
Optimise industrial structure
Realise zero emissions through supply chain optimisation
Efficient utilisation of resources
Centralised treatment of pollutants
Green infrastructure
Standardisation of administration, operation and management of parks
We are aware of some key tasks to introduce a circular economy (as provided for by the circular economy law) to China

47. China International Green Innovate Products &
Technologies Show, 9-11 November 2012, Guangzhou
International Synergies Limited invited to present
Ministries of Commerce, Environmental Protection,
Science and Technology attended
Directors from 51 Ecological Industrial Parks (EIPs)
Industrial Symbiosis seen as key to future development
of EIPs
Further meetings early 2013 with TEDA (probably largest EIP
in world) for a multi-province industrial symbiosis
programme
Delighted to be hear presenting on industrial symbiosis on behalf of Peter Laybourn who unfortunately at the last minute was unable to attend

48. 7. New Applications 48

49. Inward Investment Paper Sludge & Ash Water Waste Paper Incineration
Paper Co
Water
Rejected Loads
Incineration
ORM
Crestmont
Indigo Waste
Vermiculture
Aggregate Production
Construction
HotRot Organic Solutions
Greenview Technologies
Biogen
Donarbon
Waste Paper
Gulf Star Oil
Revalue Technologies
Plasgran
Chase Plastics
Screening
Materials
Newport Paper
Pearsons
M W White
Viridor
Shred Secure
Control Group
Kelstone Recycling
Anglian Confidential
Bywaters
May Gurney
Power
Soil Conditioning
Organics
Plastics
BHM
Sutton Services
GKL Northern
Milbank
Dickerson Group
Centrico
RTAL
Alternative Use
PREL
Minergy
Advanced Plasma Power
Waterwise
Anglian Water
Bettaland
Freedom Recycling
AWO Bedford
Localfast
Akristos
Hanson Aggregates
Eco Aggregates
Southfields Group
S Walsh
Tarmac Recycling
Paper Sludge & Ash
Operating costs 30% lower than anticpated

50. Regional Economic Development 2011: Birmingham Big City Plan
Tyseley Environmental Enterprise District
- Framework for Action (May 2011)
Birmingham’s priorities for Tyseley:
“Support businesses and organisations to
capitalise on low carbon opportunities
and maximise industrial symbiosis”
International Synergies Limited
commissioned to produce report
(completed October 2012)

51. Industrial Symbiosis Opportunities for Tyseley Environmental Enterprise District

52. Industrial Symbiosis Opportunities Identified for Tyseley
Two main themes:
Metals recovery (including rare earth metals)
Low-carbon fuels
Three time frames:
Today – both partners and resource flow exist
Tomorrow – technology is known but a partner is missing
Future - innovation potential
Future Vision: Develop an integrated resource recovery system with an innovation centre

53. 8. Concluding Remarks

54. How Far We Have Come
2004: Industrial Symbiosis as Novelty

55. How Far We Have Come 2010: Financial Times Managing Climate Change
One company’s waste may turn out to be suitable fuel for another, says
Sarah Murray
“If companies can make use of waste, it will be a big benefit”
Dax Lovegrove

56. 2012: Nature Climate Change
How Far We Have Come
2012: Nature Climate Change
2012: Assessing industrial symbiosis’ contribution to climate change mitigation and energy security

57. How Far We Have Come
2012: Energy Delta Institute

58. What Next?
Industrial symbiosis has over a period of time has a track record and is recognised as having reduced waste, carbon dioxide, water-use etc and we are just scratching the surface of possibility (demand led)
Time for industrial symbiosis also to be used to its full potential to contribute to the circular economy through:
Systemic innovation leading to green growth and pro-active low carbon economic development delivering green jobs
All of the above can be accelerated by a Pan European Network

59. Thank you for listening
Peter Laybourn
Chief Executive
International Synergies Limited
t: +44 (0)
dl: +44 (0)
Thank TEDA and audience