1. A Communication Model How Mass Communication Works!

2. How Communication Works

3. Elements of Communication The Source (Sender) – The person that creates the message The speaker transforms ideas and thoughts into messages and sends them to a receiver or audience. The speaker decides what messages are to be sent and how they will be sent. Encoding – The process of organizing the message, choosing the words and sentence structure and verbalizing the message

4. Elements of Communication The Receiver (Audience) – The receiver interprets the message in ways that are unique to that person Decoding – Process of interpreting the message Although the sender/speaker may intend a message to carry a specific meaning, the receiver/audiences interprets the message based on their own experiences and attitudes

5. Elements of Communication Feedback – The audience’s response to the message Can be conveyed both verbally and non-verbally Often indicates whether a speakers message has been understood

6. Elements of Communication The Message – The content of the communication process: thoughts and ideas put into meaningful expressions Content can be expressed verbally and non-verbally. Miscommunication can happen when the audience misinterprets the speaker’s intended message or when the speaker misreads the audience feedback.

7. Elements of Communication The Channel – Medium through which the speaker sends a message Live audience – Channel = air waves Telephone lines, televisions, computers, written correspondence Noise – Any interference with the message Physical sounds, psychological noise (emotions), environmental (room temp., etc.)

8. How Communication Works

9. SENDER MESSAGERECIEVER GATEKEEPER ENCODINGDECODING FEEDBACK Mass Communication Model

10. The Terms SENDER: The announcer, station owner, writer, producers, artists, directors, actors, technicians: Those who produce the format, sound, and appearance of the message. RECIEVER: The audience: Those listening or watching the transmission of the message.

11. The Terms MESSAGE: The programming – everything viewers/listeners hear/see. ENCODING: Taking the ideas and producing a message; the form the message takes. DECODING: How the audience interprets the message or program.

12. The Terms FEEDBACK: How the audience responds; only reaches the gatekeeper. GATEKEEPER: Controls the flow of the messages; often the station programmer relays to senders.

13. Differences With MASS COMM. there are multiple senders involved. There are also multiple receivers. Encoding is collaborative – listeners/watchers give mass feedback. Feedback Goes to the gatekeeper Delayed rather than immediate Distortedly negative

14. SENDER MESSAGE RECIEVER GATEKEEPER ENCODING DECODING FEEDBACK Mass Communication Model