2.  Role of WMO  Innovative approach by WMO  Important works carried out during the years  Organisational Structure & Infrastructure of the WMO

3.  Social and economic dimensions  Regulatory dimension From a practical stand point, the role of WMO can be classified into following two major categories: [For the sake of accuracy, it is noted that the social and economic dimensions follow from regulatory framework of spectrum management. ]

4. Lakhs of crores invested in commercial mobile, satellite and broadcasting services and the dependence of tens of crores of population on them require that these services be free from radio-interference, which may arise from a multitude of reasons. From an alternative viewpoint, radio frequency spectrum has two properties just as any natural resource has. These properties are: the quantity and the quality. The quantity aspect of the spectrum is primarily the domain of WPC Wing, whereas the quality aspect of the spectrum is essentially the responsibility of the WMO.

5. The role of the WMO in respect of regulatory aspects of spectrum management essentially derives from the Preamble of the Radio Regulations of the ITU. The Preamble contains, inter alia, the following: 0.5 With a view to fulfilling the purposes of the International Telecommunication Union set out in Article 1 of the Constitution, these Regulations have the following objectives: 0.6 to facilitate equitable access to and rational use of the natural resources of the radio-frequency spectrum and the geostationary-satellite orbit;

6. 0.7 to ensure the availability and protection from harmful interference of the frequencies provided for distress and safety purposes; 0.8 to assist in the prevention and resolution of cases of harmful interference between the radio services of different administrations; 0.9 to facilitate the efficient and effective operation of all radiocommunication services; 0.10 to provide for and, where necessary, regulate new applications of radio-communication technology.

7.  To ensure compliance by all wireless networks which employ the state-of-art technologies;  To more intensively monitor the spectrum to find unutilized and / or under utilized spectrum;  To introduce new parameters of measurement across multitudes of applications of about 40 generic radio communication services.  To provide interference-free communication to all authorized licensees. Based on the regulatory aspects of ITU, WMO’s focus areas are

8. The challenge to the WMO is to ensure interference- free communications which is perhaps unique in the world. This challenge arises from the enormous size of networks, variety of technologies and ever growing applications of radio techniques. An effective radio monitoring service, unlike providing, say, mobile communication service, does require a deeper understanding of technology involved in radio interface of networks. This essentially entails building professionalism/ competence indigenously in the art and science of radio monitoring, as the same cannot be imported.

9. Constraints not withstanding, WMO has taken a few major steps to tackle the most serious of challenges, notably those concerning mobile communications and broadcasting services. Taking into account of these, all new proposed procurements of equipments are particularly focused on resolving interference to cellular and broadcasting networks. WMO has developed and using an in-house design of radio monitoring database.

10. WMO has proposed upgradation of existing Wireless Monitoring facilities and also to procure the new latest wireless equipments under the 12 th Five Year Plan with an outlay of Rs 500 crore. WMO has been allocated Rs 50 crore during the current FY for the same.

11. Important works carried out during the years  Resolved almost all the interference cases of cellular services except where the interference is being observed across the border. In most of the cases interference is being observed by the boosters and jammers.  Localized the radiation on the emergency frequency emitted by the Aircraft, unintentionally.  Resolved the problem of interference during the VIP movements at IGI Airport and also suggested the wayout.

12. Important works carried out during the years  WMO has set-up a dedicated temporary Control Station at Monitoring headquarters New Delhi during the Common Wealth Games in 2010, for constant round the monitoring. The interference reported during the Common Wealth Games by the wireless service providers was resolved with the hours.  Interference reported by the Russian Administration was also resolved.

13.  A network of 27 Wireless Monitoring Stations, five of which at Mumbai, Nagpur, Kolkata, New Delhi and Chennai are International Monitoring Stations and as such are notified to the ITU.  One T & D Centre at New Delhi.  One Specialized Monitoring terminal (upto 40 GHz) at New Delhi  One Satellite Monitoring Earth Station at Jalna.

14.  Wireless Monitoring Organisation, Headquarters at New Delhi.  Four Regional Headquarters (RHQs) at Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata & Chennai: Delhi – IMS Delhi, MSs Ajmer, Jammu Jallandhar, Gorakhpur, Lucknow and Dehradun. Kolkata – IMS Kolkata, MSs Ranchi, Silliguri, Dibrugarh, Shillong, Patna and Bhubaneswar. Mumbai – IMS Mumbai, IMS Nagpur, MSs Ahmedabad, Goa, Bhopal and Raipur. Chennai – IMS Chennai, MSs Bangalore, Mangalore, Vizag, Hyderabad, Trivandrum and Vijayawada.

15.  Five Radio Noise Survey Units (RNSUs) at Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai and Hyderabad.  Four Microwave Terminals (MWTs) at Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata  Ten Inspection Units at Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Nagpur, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Shillong, Jallandhar and Ajmer  WMO has a staff strength of about 565, of which 87% are involved with technical works of the WMO