1. The basis of life
CONTENTS
RESOURCES

2. CONTENTS THE BASIS OF LIFE Vital functions Biomolecules
Cellular nutrition
Autotrophic nutrition
Heterotrophic nutrition
Photosynthesis
Cells
History of cell discovery
Size and shape
Structure and composition
Types of cells
Cellular
respiration
Cellular respiration
Cell division
Genetic material
Mitosis

3. RESOURCES Vital functions Biomolecules History of cell discovery
Size and shape
of cells
Structure and composition
of cells
Types of cells
Cellular nutrition
Autotrophic nutrition
Heterotrophic nutrition
Photosynthesis
Cellular respiration
Cell division
Links
Introducing cells
Mitosis
Genetic material

4. Vital functions VITAL FUNCTIONS Living beings NUTRITION INTERACTION
REPRODUCTION

5. Vital functions Heterotrophic organisms Living beings NUTRITION
Living beings obtain
the matter and energy
necessary for life.
inorganic matter
organic matter
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Autotrophic organisms

6. Vital functions Living beings INTERACTION Living beings relate
with their surrounding
environment.
Animals have receptors
and effectors.
Plants do not have
receptors, but they
can respond to stimuli.
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7. Vital functions Living beings REPRODUCTION New individual living
beings are produced.
Asexual reproduction:
one parent
Sexual reproduction:
male and female parents
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8. Biomolecules Organic molecules mineral salts water
calcium, iron, magnesium, etc.

9. Anthony van Leeuwenhoek
History of cell discovery
1665
Robert Hooke
microscope
cork under a microscope
1675
Anthony van Leeuwenhoek
microscope
“animacules”
He was the first person to use the word “cell”.
He discovered tiny organisms in a drop of water.

10. The cell is the structural and functional unit of all living things.
History of cell discovery
1838
Matthias J. Schleiden
and
Theodor Schwann
CELL
THEORY
The cell is the structural and functional unit of all living things.
1855
Rudolf Virchow
CELL THEORY
All cells come from
pre-existing cells.

11. Size and shape of cells microscope cell 1 micrometre (μm) equals
0.001 millimetres (mm)

12. Structure and composition of cells
mitochondrion 1
nucleus
CLICK ON THE NUMBERS 4 3
cell membrane 1 2
vacuoles 3
Golgi body 2
cytoplasm
rough ER 4
Animal cell
nucleus 5 4
cell wall 1 2 3
cell membrane
chloroplast 5
cytoplasm
Plant cell

13. Types of cells Prokaryotic cells bacteria
The genetic material is loose in the cytoplasm.
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14. Types of cells Eukaryotic cells Plant cell Animal cell
The genetic material is enclosed in a nucleus.
nucleus
Plant cell
Animal cell

15. Cellular nutrition
Amoeba
ANABOLISM
CATABOLISM
nutrients

16. CELLULAR METABOLISM Catabolism
Cellular nutrition
CELLULAR METABOLISM
Catabolism
complex
organic
substances
simple substances
energy
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17. CELLULAR METABOLISM Anabolism
Cellular nutrition
CELLULAR METABOLISM
METABOLISM
Anabolism
complex
organic
substances
simple
energy
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18. Autotrophic nutrition1 3 2 4
CLICK ON NUMBERS

19. Inorganic matter is taken in.
Autotrophic nutrition
Inorganic matter is taken in.
sunlight O2
CO2
mineral salts
H2O
simple
organic
matter 1
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20. 2 Autotrophic nutrition Catabolism O2 simple organic matter energy
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21. Carbon dioxide is expelled.
Autotrophic nutrition
Carbon dioxide is expelled.
CO2 3
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22. 4 Autotrophic nutrition Anabolism simple organic energy matter
other functions
complex
organic
matter 4
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23. Heterotrophic nutrition1 3 2 4
CLICK ON NUMBERS

24. 1 Heterotrophic nutrition Organic matter is taken in. simple organic
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25. 2 Heterotrophic nutrition Catabolism CO2 simple organic matter H2O O2
energy 2
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26. Carbon dioxide is expelled.
Heterotrophic nutrition
Carbon dioxide is expelled.
CO2 3
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27. 4 Heterotrophic nutrition Anabolism simple organic matter energy
complex
organic
matter
other functions 4
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28. Photosynthesis sunlight carbon dioxide water mineral salts organic
matter
oxygen
CHLOROPLAST
carbon dioxide
water
CO2
sunlight
H2O
mineral
salts
oxygen O2
organic matter

29. Cellular respiration oxygen organic matter O2 MITOCHONDRION oxygen
carbon
dioxide
water
oxygen
organic matter
energy O2
energy
CO2
H2O
carbon dioxide
water

30. UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS
Cell division
UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS
population
growth
daughter cells
parent cell
MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS
growth

31. Binary fission Multiple fission Budding Sporulation
Cell division
Binary fission
Multiple fission
Budding
Sporulation
In bacteria and protozoa
In some protozoa
spores
In yeast
In fungi, algae, moss and ferns

32. Karyotype of a human being
Genetic material
Karyotype of a human being
46 chromosomes
Eukaryotic cell
nucleus
chromatin
Before cell division
chromosomes

33. Mitosis
SEE PROCESS

34. Mitosis
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35. Links Introducing cells Cell growth and division
Cell growth and division
Cell Inspector interactive activity
The virtual cell
The Virtual Cell Textbook
Cells alive