1. The Age of Jackson

3. Population shift and West becomes politically powerful
Jackson appealed to the Common Man because he was one.

4. Qualifications to vote in most states
1790
Qualifications to vote in most states
21 yrs. Old White Male. educated and property owner…….
voting
Most qualifications are dropped. Majority of White men can now vote

5. Jacksonian Democracy.
European visitors to the U.S. like Alex de Tocqueville in the 1830s were amazed by the informal manners and democratic attitudes of Americans
The hero of the age was the “self-made man”
The idea of spreading political power to all men and having majority rule became known as Jacksonian Democracy.

6. People should be governed as little possible
New Democracy
NEW DEMOCRACY
JEFFERSONIAN DEMOCRACY
People should be governed as little possible
JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY
Whatever governing needed to be done, it should be done by the common man. “Government by the majority of people (Majority Rule) instead of a government run by the upper class was introduced during Jackson’s Presidency.
“All men are created equal” –Declaration of Independence

7. JACKSON THE MAN
Born March 15, 1767, on North Carolina/South Carolina border
Orphaned at 13, self-educated and no formal education. Killed a man in a duel.
Lawyer, Judge, senator, military general and finally President
Defeated the Creeks at Horseshoe Bend, the British at New Orleans, took Florida and claimed it for the US in Loved by his soldiers called him “Old Hickory”
Many considered him dangerous. They viewed him as a potential “American Napoleon

8. Jackson’s First Presidential Run Opponents in 1824
John Quincy Adams [MA]
Henry Clay [KY]
John C. Calhoun [SC]
Jackson would go on to hate all of these men

9. 261 electoral votes and 131 needed to win.
The Election of 1824
ADAMS VS. JACKSON
Jackson won the popular vote, but did not win the 131 electoral votes to win the electoral vote and the election.
The election would be decided in the House of Representatives.
261 electoral votes and 131 needed to win.

10. ADAMS VS JACKSON
corrupt
The Corrupt Bargain
Henry Clay gives his support to John Q. Adams and the House of Representatives chooses Adams as the President.
Two weeks later, Adams appoints Henry Clay as his Secretary of State….
Jackson cries out corruption and calls this the “Corrupt Bargain.”
Jackson promises he would run again for the Presidency in 1828 and would smash Adams.

11. corrupt1
The Corrupt Bargain
Suspicions of a “corrupt bargain” have been strengthened by entries in the diary of John Q. Adams. On January 1, 1825, after a public dinner, he wrote,
“He (Clay) told me (in a whisper) that he should be glad to have with me soon some confidential conversation upon public affairs. I said I should be happy to have it whenever it might suit his convenience.”
In the diary entry for January 9, reads in part,
“Mr. Clay came at six and spent the evening with me in a long conversation explanatory of the past and prospective of the future.”
Exactly a month later, with Clay’s backing, Adams was elected. This happened because Clay was Speaker of the House…..They both disliked Andrew Jackson…...

12. John Quincy Adams
John Quincy Adams was born into wealth and privilege as the son of President John Adams.
During the Revolution and early Republic he served his country as a young man if various European countries as an American Ambassador
College educated, he was extremely intelligent and served as a professor at Harvard University.
Served as Sec. of State and negotiated many treaties including the Adams-Onis Treaty.
Read constantly and in many languages. Kept a diary for almost 70 years that comprise 50 volumes.

13. John Quincy Adams POSTIVES
One of the ablest men, hardest workers, and finest intellectuals ever in the White House.
Tried to promote not only manufacturing and agriculture, but also the arts, literature, and science.
Paid down the national debt and continued the “American System” of internal improvements.
NEGATIVES
He was not a “Common Man” and like his father distrusted what he called “Mob Rule”
Most found him cold and tactless.
Could not build any popular support for his programs.

14. JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY
After the election of 1824 the Democratic-Republican party split in to two new parties.
NATIONAL REPUBLICANS
Adams and Clay
Strong national govt.
Favored business, tariffs, internal improvements, industry, public schools and moral reforms such as prohibition of liquor and abolition of slavery.
Best/privileged run the govt.
DEMOCRATS
Jackson
Believed in state’s rights and federal restraint in economic and social affairs.
Favored the liberty of the individual and was against the power of the privileged (rich) in the government.
Protected the “common man.”

15. The election of 1828 REMATCH! ADAMS VS JACKSON The issues
End corruption in Washington.
Reform and eliminate the National debt
The “People” vs. the “Elite”
Rachel Jackson vs “His Fraudulency”

16. Jackson and J. Q. Adams ran against each other for the presidency
Election of 1828
Election of 1828
An American Tragedy
Jackson and J. Q. Adams ran against each other for the presidency
One anti-Jackson newspaper declared,
“General Jackson’s mother was a common prostitute, brought to this country by the British soldiers! She, afterwards married a mulatto man with whom she had several children, of which one was Andrew Jackson.”
Anti-Adams people accused him of hiring a servant girl for a visiting Russian ambassador…and the “Corrupt Bargain” making him a fraud.
One of the worst elections in US History for its “mudslinging.”
As a result of this, Jackson’s wife Rachel, died of a heart attack just before he became President…He blamed Adams and Clay and never forgave them…..

17. The Election of 1828
ADAMS VS. JACKSON
Why such a difference between the election of 1824 and 1828?
Population shifts to Western States and South which gives the Common Man more political power
More men voting in why?
Property restrictions and education dropped.
Jackson appealed to common man because he was one.
261 total electoral votes and 131 electoral votes to win……

18. The Election of 1824 The Election of 1828
Election of 1824, 355,817 voted.
Election 1828, 1,155,350 voted.

19. KING MOB
Jackson’s Inaugural was a victory for the Common Man. Thousands of commoners came to Washington, D.C. to see Jackson inaugurated and there was a riot at the White House!
Inaugural

20. Lafayette Returns
A Lafayette “Souvenir”
Lafayette in 1825
He was 68
Lafayette when he was young during the Revolution
“Lafayette, we are here!”
From July 1824 to September 1825, the last surviving French General of the Revolutionary War, the Marquis de Lafayette, made a famous tour of the 24 states in the United States. At stops on this tour he was received by the thousands of people with a hero's welcome, and many honors and monuments were presented to commemorate and memorialize the Marquis de Lafayette's visit.
Inaugural

21. Rise of the Common Man and The New Democracy
Common man cluster
Jackson brought democracy to the Common man
Land easy to obtain in the West
Education not as important
Examples
Blacksmith Farmers Carpenters The Working Class
Rise of the Common Man and The New Democracy
Jackson represented the common man
Other “Common Men” of the time:
Davy Crockett Sam Houston
expand participation of the common man in democracy.

22. Which one is John Quincy Adams and which one is Andrew Jackson? Why?
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