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Published byTyrese Erwin Modified over 9 years ago
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Permeable Paving
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Low Impact Development (LID) Low impact development (LID) is an approach to managing stormwater runoff to protect water quality
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Permeable Pavements Permeable pavements are recognized as a Best Management Practice (BMP) by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency A cornerstone of low impact development (LID) design
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Non-Permeable Pavements Increased runoff Deprives groundwater Pollutants Non-point source
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Non-Permeable Pavements 1990s average was about 30,000 miles of paving per year Parking lots affect microclimates of city climates
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Non-Permeable Pavements U.S. federal law mandates that states control water pollution in runoff through the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)
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Increases the water quality Increases groundwater Reduces installation costs of drainage system Reduces storm water runoff Reduces flooding Reduces erosion Advantages of Permeable Pavers
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Permeable pavers Initially, infiltration is over 50-75in/hr. Reduce by around 50% in the first 5 years. Over a 20-year period, designed to achieve and maintain a consistent 3in/hr infiltration rate
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Permeable pavers No sand used in joints Clog pores
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Permeable pavers http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBTYFo2z9HY&featur e=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBTYFo2z9HY&featur e=related
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Permeable pavers Cleaning should be done at least once a year Removed by a vacuum-sweeping street cleaning machine
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Permeable interlocking concrete pavements A North Carolina State University study has shown that the initial surface infiltration rate of PICPs can be as high as 2,000 in./hour. Other research has shown that near initial surface infiltration rates can be restored through cleaning and replacement of the initial 3/4 to 1 in. depth of small stones in the openings of PICPs.
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Permeable interlocking concrete pavements Ice and snow can melt into the pavement Water does not collect on the surface and re-freeze
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Permeable interlocking concrete pavements Sand should not be used for traction Deicing salts can Adequate space for the ice to expand within the open- graded base Minimizing the risk of heaving.
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Pervious Asphalt and Concrete Angular crushed stone, usually 3/8”, excluding fines that normally fill voids Porous http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ScsQYHMfabU http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ScsQYHMfabU
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Pervious Asphalt and Concrete Pervious paving may cost 10% more than conventional asphalt Doubling as a stormwater system and eliminating storm drains, save 12% to 38% Reduces retention ponds Land area saved that would be used for basins
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Pervious Asphalt and Concrete Minor loss of porosity occurs in all porous materials over the first four to six years One test, an inch of loose fine was applied Full porosity was easily restore by a cleaning with a HydroVac
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POROUS ASPHALT Formulated with larger aggregate and less fine particles “Open-graded” surface drains and supports traffic
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POROUS ASPHALT Asphalt version originally developed for airport runways prevents dangerous surface ponding Reservoir holds water until it percolates into soil
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POROUS ASPHALT Almost 40% of the reservoir’s total volume will be water- holding voids
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Cool asphalt Increase pavement reflectiveness Albedo Asphalt can be lightened Asphacolor Colored at plant
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PERVIOUS CONCRETE Porous concrete withstands heavier and more repeated loads than porous asphalt Does not soften under heat
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Grass Pave Grass will not survive daily traffic Grass for parking stays healthy if used not more than about one day a week, less in dry climates http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wx-CNC7f5xY http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wx-CNC7f5xY
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GRASS PAVERS Open-cell unit paver in which the cells are filled with soil and filled with turf or gravel Comprised of a grid system, which is made of concrete or synthetic to distribute the weight of traffic Appropriate for Foot traffic Overflow parking Driveway
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Grass Pave
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COST COMPARISON Asphalt: $0.50 to $1 per square foot Grass/Gravel Pavers: $1.50 to $5.75 per square foot Porous Concrete: $2.00 to $6.50 per square foot Interlocking Concrete Paver Blocks: $5.00 to $10.00 per square foot
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