1. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging
Module 2

2. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging
Objective
Use as a cover
To immobilize
To support
To secure dressing
Serve as a pad
Arrest bleeding

3. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging
Guidelines in dressing and bandaging
Sterile or clean material
Bleeding is controlled.
Adequately covers the wound.
Not too tight or it may interfere with the blood supply and damage surrounding tissue.
No loose ends that could get caught on other objects while the patient is being moved.
If soaked with blood, leave the first dressing and apply a new one

4. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging
Expose the tips of the fingers or toes so that any interference with circulation can be detected.
Bandage the body part in its original position sustained after the injury
Adjust bandage when the casualty complaint of discomfort
Unless otherwise specified, all knots should be tied over open wounds to help control bleeding.
Use reef knot to tie bandages

5. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging
Precaution
Check circulation of the affected part after bandaging every 10 minutes thereafter. To loosen bandage if it shows signs of constriction
Signs and symptoms of impaired circulation
Skin discoloration with engorged veins
Swollen and congested limb
Feeling of distention in the limbs
Numbness
Tingling sensation
Pain
Inability to move affected fingers or toes

6. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging
Types of bandages
Roller bandage
Triangular bandage
Roller Bandages
Choose the correct size of bandage for different body parts

7. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Roller Bandage
Rules in applying a roller bandage
Head of the bandage held uppermost
Begin from within outwards
Cover 2/3 while leaving 1/3 exposed
Position yourself in front of the casualty
Support injured part while bandaging

8. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Roller Bandage
Pattern in roller bandaging
ndaging)
(instructor to demonstrate pattern of ba.
Simple spiral
Start with simple spiral and end up with simple spiral
Use on body parts which is parallel
Reverse spica
Use on body parts which widens gradually. E.g. limbs

9. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging
Triangular Bandage

10. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Triangular bandage
Making a broad fold and narrow bandage
(instructor to demonstrate broad-fold and narrow - fold bandage)

11. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging
Reef Knot
Avoid tying the knot around or directly over the injury itself
(instructor to demonstrate broad-fold and narrow - fold bandage. Participants to practice)

12. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Triangular bandage
Use as a cover
(instructor to demonstrate and participants to practice)
Scalp Bandage
Foot Bandage
Palm bandage (same pattern)

13. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Triangular bandage
Use as a cover
Scalp
Shoulder
Hip
Knee
Foot

14. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Triangular bandage
Use as a support
(instructor to demonstrate and participants to practice)
1. Large Arm Sling
2. Elevation Sling

15. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging
Cold Compress
Reduce swelling
Reduce pain
Types
Cold pad
A towel soaked in cold water
Ice pack
A bag filled with ice

16. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Cold compress
Precaution
Do not apply ice directly on to affected part
Always wrap ice pack with a cloth
Not to use more than 10 minutes at one application

17. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging
Removing head gear
Aim
Minimize movement of the head and neck
Types of head gear
Open-face
Full-face

18. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Removing Head gear
Technique in removing open-face helmet
Cut/unfasten the chin strap
Support the casualty’s neck and head
Helper to grip the side of the helmet from above and pull them apart to release pressure
Lift the helmet upwards and backwards
See image of Open-face helmet on next slide

19. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Removing Head gear

20. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Removing Head gear
Technique in removing full-face helmet
Unfasten/cut the strap
Support the neck via nape and hold the lower jaw
Ease your finger underneath the rim and ask the helper to hold the base with both hands
Helper to tilt the helmet backward and lift the front clearing the casualty’s chin
Helper to tilt the helmet forward so it will pass the base of the skull
Lift the helmet straight off the casualty’s head

21. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Removing Head gear

22. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Removing Head gear
Support the Jaw
Support the head and neck

23. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging Removing Head gear
Precaution
Do not remove the helmet unless it is necessary
Support the head and neck at all times
Keep the head aligned with the spine

24. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging First Aid Kit
Criteria and Requirements
Clearly marked and easily accessible
Portable and compact – able to be taken to the site of an emergency.
Contents of kit will vary depending on the anticipated number of people is designed to protect as well as circumstances where it will be used.
Check and replenish first aid kit contents regularly.
Replace items that are out of date.

25. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging First Aid Kit
Contents in First Aid Kit
Bandages – triangular bandage ( three to eight pieces ) and roller bandage.
Dressings – adhesive plaster, sterile eye pads, sterile dressing in a pack.
Gloves disposable
Safety pins
Scissors
Cleaning wipes alcohol free for wounds

26. First Aid Dressing and Bandaging First Aid Kit
Contents in First Aid Kit
Scissors and tweezers
Pocket face mask or plastic shield for CPR
Smelling salt
Thermometer digital
Insect repellent
Small booklet and pencil
Antiseptic Cream
Torchlight

27. The end Module 2 First Aid Dressing and Bandaging
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