1. Here are the bones and regions you will need to know for lab...
The Skull
Here are the bones and regions you will need to know for lab...

2. Major Skull Regions 1. The Cranium 2. Facial Bones
recognize it from the following views:
anterior/posterior
lateral
inferior
interior views
cranial vault
cranial floor
2. Facial Bones

3. Cranium Cranial Floor: Anterior cranial fossa Middle cranial fossa
Posterior cranial fossa
Cranial Vault: the superior aspect of the cranium (its ceiling)
6 bones make up the cranium

4. There are 6 cranial bones
frontal
parietal
occipital
temporal
sphenoid
ethmoid
These three are easy!
This is easy, but has many parts
This is harder
This is the hardest

5. Occipital Bone Has the foramen magnum through it
has the occipital condyles on it (to interact with the first vertebra to shake our heads “yes”)

6. Temporal Bone Other prominent features: Three main regions:
styloid process
mastoid process
zygomatic process
external auditory meatus
mandibular fossae
carotid canal & jugular foramen
Three main regions:
1. squamous
2. mastoid
3. petrous

7. Sphenoid Bone (general)
visible on a lateral view (between the frontal & temporal bones)
visible on an inferior view
visible on the cranial floor
visible within the bony orbit (positioned posterior & laterally)

8. Sphenoid Bone (specific regions)
looks like a bat
greater wing
lesser wing
has the sella turcica
visible on cranial floor
holds the pituitary gland
has the optic canal through it

9. Ethmoid Bone (general)
Not visible externally
Only present medially within the cranium
forms the posterior margins of the nose
visible on the cranial floor
visible medially in the bony orbit

10. Ethmoid Bone (specific regions)
cribiform plate has pores for olfactory nerve to traverse
crista galli ascends into cranial cavity
perpendicular plate descends to meet the vomer
superior & middle nasal conchae are parts of the ethmoid bone

11. Facial Bones Most, but not all, are visible from the exterior
Give shape to the face
Some are involved in the bony orbit

12. Maxillae & Mandible Maxillae upper jaw, lip, and medial face
paired & fused
contribute to bony orbit
form most of bony upper palate (the palatine process)
Mandible
only movable skull bone
lower jaw
has the mandibular condyle and the coronoid process
contains mental foramen

13. Other obvious facial bones
Zygomatic bone-- the cheek bone (has a temporal process)
Nasal bone-- at the superior border of the nose

14. Less obvious facial bones
Palatine bone-- forms the posterior edge of the bony upper palate & the inferior nasal concha
Vomer bone-- runs vertically, dividing the nasal cavity in two
Lacrimal bone-- medial aspect of bony orbit, tear duct passes through this

15. Bony Orbit 6 bones contribute: frontal bone zygomatic bone
sphenoid bone
maxillary bone
lacrimal bone
ethmoid bone

16. Additional items to locate
superior orbital fissure
inferior orbital fissure
supraorbital foramen
infraorbital foramen

17. For this coming Monday lab...
Make sure you review the skull & learn these items
Review bone tissue itself (earlier exercise)
Review the thoracic rib cage
Get ready to work on the appendicular skeleton