1. Petrochemical Technology (TKK-2130) 13/14 Spring Semester Instructor: Rama Oktavian Email: rama.oktavian86@gmail.com Office Hr.: M.13-15, Tu. 13-15, W. 13-15, Th. 13-15, F. 09-11

2. Petrochemical Industry CRUDE OIL REFINARY FEEDSTOCKS Gas, Naphtha, Gas Oil, Kerosene PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY BASIC CHEMICALS Ethylene, Propylene, 1.3-Butadiene & BTX, PETROCHEMICALS PE,PP,PVC,PS,PBR,MEG,LAB,ACN, AF, PTA, PHA, MA,CPL

3. Petrochemical Industry The challenges Constraints in feedstock with respect to availability, quality & cost Eco friendly processes & products: stringent emission levels- Preserving the environment Need for conserving energy Waste minimization/effective treatment Catalysts with higher efficacy: activity/selectivity/ life / Max.atom efficiency Process improvements: milder conditions/fewer steps Ever-increasing demand for niche /specialty products at affordable prices New catalysts /processes: Reduction in discovery & process development cycle time

4. Petrochemical Industry The challenges

5. Petrochemical Industry The challenges Petroleum Petroleum Fuels Feed-stocks Hydrogen Lubricants Syngas Sulfur Petrochemical feed-stocks Petrochemical feed-stocks C 2 -C 3 gas LPG C 4 stream Naphtha for light olefins Naphtha for aromatics Kerosene Gas oil for cracking

6. Petrochemical Industry Petrochemicals from Ethylene

7. Petrochemical Industry Petrochemicals from Propylene

8. Petrochemical Industry

11. Olefin metathesis C2H4 + C4H8  2 C3H6 Can be a stand alone unit or integrated with cracker/FCC unit Low investment, less energy intensive, attractive returns High propylene/ethylene yield ratios, varying from 0.5 to 1.1 Use of low cost C4 stream Process technologies META-4 ® (Axens – IFP Group Technologies) OCT ® Olefins Conversion Technology (ABB Lummus) UOP’s process

12. Petrochemical Industry

15. Consists of three sections 1.Reaction and regeneration 2.Quench, compression and caustic wash 3.Product fractionation

16. Petrochemical Industry

17. Introduction The use of biomass and carbon-based waste in the production of plastics can contribute to the depletion of greenhouse gas (GHG) The price of ethylene is being highly dependent on the price of crude oil

18. Petrochemical Industry Routes for biomass conversion into olefins

19. Petrochemical Industry Routes for biomass conversion into olefins

20. Petrochemical Industry Routes for biomass conversion into olefins

21. Petrochemical Industry Routes for biomass conversion into olefins