1. Controller Systems Tufts EMID - Spring 2015

2. Typical Controller System Sensors Acquisition System (Arduino) Mapping Software (Max) Output (Reason)

3. Useful Resources Fraden, A Handbook of Modern Sensors sensorwiki.org Datasheets for components

4. Parts Sources mouser.com digikey.com sparkfun.com

5. What can we sense? ON/OFF, momentary or toggle Position, velocity, acceration, rotation Temperature, light, sound Pressure, touch, torque, bending, strain

6. Types of Sensors Discrete - only can give a value of 0 (off) or 1 (on) Continuous - Resistors or current generators. Some can be connected directly to the Arduino. Others need buffering, amplification, and/or filtering to provide usable data

7. Switches Discrete output Toggle - on or off Momentary - on or off when pressed Rotary: multiple-position Can provide visual and tactile feedback

8. Potentiometers Common types: Linear taper Audio taper (logarithmic) Rotary, linear, multiturn +V ref V out GND

9. Soft Potentiometers Linear Circular

10. Other Variable Resistors Photoresistors Bend Sensors Force-Sensing Resistors

11. Photoresistors/Photocells Sense the absence or presence of light Change resistance when amount of light changes

12. Bend Sensors Resistance decreases when bent

13. Force-Sensitive Resistors Resistance drops when pressed Shorthand name: FSR

14. Variable Resistors V out = V ref R2/(R1+R2) If sensor range = 10k to 35kΩ, and R2 = 20kΩ then V out range =.66*V ref to.36*V ref V out R2 R1 (variable) +V ref

15. Accelerometers Measure inclination (direction), acceleration in 1, 2, or 3 axes

16. Distance Sensors Infrared Ultrasonic

17. Piezoelectric Materials Sensitive to vibration Excellent drum triggers, contact microphones

18. Capacitive Sensors Detects changes in capacitance, often by measuring your body capacitance Can detect proximity, distance, location, acceleration Think: Trackpads, Cell/Tablet Screens, Theremin

19. Other Sensors EMG (Muscle Sensor) Joysticks (X and Y axis variable resistors) Gesture Recognizers Rotary Encoders

20. Connecting Sensors Using Arduino boards Read in digital and analog signals Connect via USB and can talk to MAX

21. Breadboards Simple way to create circuits without soldering

22. Reading in Data in MAX Using Arduino2MAX

23. Putting It All Together Arduino2MAX