1. Title Vortex matter in presence of disorder Eli Zeldov Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot, Israel

2. 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 020406080100 first-order transition second magnetization peak H c2 T [ K ] B [ G ] Vortex matter phase diagram in Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 depinning BSCCO PD disordered liquid / gas quasi-ordered-lattice (Bragg glass) T cp

3. Second peak loop + shaking Magnetization loop with second magnetization peak GaAs Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 crystal H dc Vortex ‘shaking’ with H ac  H ac  H a [ kOe ] B - H a [G] T = 26 K B sp

4. Crossing lattices: Pancake vortices and Josephson vortices Koshelev crossing lattices z x y Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O x Pancake vortex Vortex line CuO 2 planes H dc H ac 

5. Magnetization loop B - H a [ G ] H a [ Oe ] Magnetization loop with ‘vortex shaking’ no H ac  T = 30 K

6. Magnetization loop with Hac H a [ Oe ] Magnetization loop with ‘vortex shaking’ with H ac  no H ac  T = 30 K B - H a [ G ] 300320340 -28 -26 -24 H a [ Oe ] T = 38 K < T cp B - H a [ G ] with H ac 

7. T [ K ] B m ( T ) [ G ] First-order phase transition line B m (T) Bm(T) with Hac T cp B sp (T) B m (T) solid liquid

8. T [ K ] B m ( T ) [ G ] Inverse melting of the vortex lattice Bm(T) with Hac zoom Tcp T cp lattice liquid

9. 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 020406080100 thermally driven disorder driven amorphous liquid / gas quasi-ordered-lattice (Bragg glass) H c2 T [ K ] B [ G ] BSCCO PD summary Vortex matter phase diagram in Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8

10. Phase diagram of low-T c superconductors T H TcTc H c2 disordered phase ordered phase (Bragg glass) LTS phase diagram

11. Strip and Corbino I c at peak effect Strip I c Fe doped NbSe 2 0.2 T NbSe2 PE strip H c2 ( T )

12. Ordered PhaseDisordered Phase Strip and Corbino I c at peak effect Corbino I c Strip I c NbSe2 PE strip + Corbino Fe doped NbSe 2 0.2 T H c2 ( T )

13. surface barrier I dc v ordered lattice Edge-contamination mechanism Edge contamination schematics 1 H dc

14. I dc v surface barrier Edge-contamination mechanism Edge contamination schematics 2 H dc

15. I dc ordered phase disordered phase v Edge-contamination mechanism Edge contamination schematics 3 H dc

16. I dc H dc ordered phase disordered phase Edge-contamination mechanism v Edge contamination - surface boiling surface boiling

17. I dc v Edge-contamination mechanism Edge contamination negative current H dc ordered phase disordered phase surface boiling

18. I dc ordered phase disordered phase v Edge-contamination mechanism Edge contamination no current surface boiling H dc

19. I dc v Edge-contamination mechanism Edge contamination - Hall sensors surface boiling H dc array of Hall sensors low J high J

20. Phase diagram of low-T c superconductors LTS phase diagram with Corbino disk T H TcTc H c2 disordered phase ordered phase (Bragg glass) No edge contamination

21. Phase diagram of low-T c superconductors LTS PD w contamination T H TcTc H c2 disordered phase ordered phase (Bragg glass)

22. Phase diagram of low-T c superconductors LTS PD w dynamic coexistence T H TcTc disordered phase ordered phase (Bragg glass) H c2 Dynamic coexistence due to edge contamination

23. 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 020406080100 thermally driven disorder driven amorphous liquid / gas Bragg glass H c2 T [ K ] B [ G ] BSCCO phase diagram Vortex matter phase diagram in Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8

24. Differential magneto-optical system Superconductor F=F= Garnet indicator He lamp CCD camera Polarizer Cryostat Solenoid Analyzer Microscope Differential MO technique HaHa B(r) Ha  HaHa  Ha T    T B(r)    B(r)

25. Movie BSCCO#3 large color

26. Guilin mist mountains

27. Guilin mountains with water

28. Artificial disorder by heavy ion irradiation Crystal with mask and CDs SST mask 90  m Columnar defects by 1 GeV Pb irradiation through perforated mask porous Braggglass Bragg glass Magnetic decoration

29. Movie Satya Bf=20G, B=50G

30. Thanks Special thanks …