1. III. Multicore Processors (4) Dezső Sima Spring 2007 (Ver. 2.1)  Dezső Sima, 2007

2. 10.2.1 Dual/quad-core desktop processors 10.2.2 Dual-core server processors 10.2. AMD’s MC processors

3. Source:http://pc.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/2006/0313/kaigai05l.gif Figure: Overview of AMD’s recent lines 10.2 Overview of AMD’s multi-core processor lines

4. Windsor line Manchester line90 nm 5/2005 5/200690 nm Toledo line 90 nm 5/2005 Athlon 64 X2 lines Athlon 64 FX 60/70 lines 10.2.1 Dual/quad-core desktop processors Brisbane line12/200665 nm Athlon 64 FX line 90 nm 1/2006 Barcelona (quad-core) line200765 nm (E4) (E6) (F2/F3) (G1) (H) (E6/F2/F3)

5. Figure 5.9: Block diagram of AMD’s Athlon 64 X2 dual-core processor lines [2.8] 10.2.1 Overview of the Athlon 64 X2 lines (1)

6. Source:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Amd_cpu_die_compare.jpg L2: 2x 1 MB)(L2: 2 x 1 MB)(L2: 2 MB) Figure: The evolution of AMD’s Athlon 64 X2 dual-core processor lines L2: 1 MB BarcelonaWindsorToledoSan Diego 10.2.1 Overview of the Athlon 64 X2 lines (2)

7. Stepping D Transition from 130 nm to 90 nm SOI and addition of SSE3 Stepping E Stepping F Support of DDR2 and the Pacifica virtualisation technology Transition from 90 nm to 65 nm Stepping F (Winchester cores) Stepping G (Brisbane cores) Figure: Main charateristics of the transitions from Steppings D to G Stepping E (Manchester/Toledo cores) 10.2.1 Overview of the Athlon 64 X2 lines (3)

8. Table: Main features of AMD’s dual-core the Athlon 64 X2 family NX-bit Cool ‘n’ Quiet Pacifica virt. tech. AM2 939 Socket DDR2 DDR Memory type 65 W65/89 W89/110 W89 W 110 WTDP [W] (Brisbane)(Windsor) (1 MB)(Windsor) (512 KB)(Toledo)(Manchester)Cores 2*512 KB 2.0/2.2/2.4 154 mtrs 147 mm 2 90 nm SOI 5/2005 E4 3800+/4200+ 4600+ 2*512 KB/2*1 MB 2.0/2.2/2.4 233 mtrs 199 mm 2 90 nm SOI 5/2005 E6 3800+ 1 – 4800+ 2*512 KB 2.0-2.8 154 mtrs 183 mm 2 90 nm SOI 5/2006 F2/F3 3800+ - 5400+ 2 2*1 MB 227 mtrs 230 mm 2 12/2006 F3 4000+ - 5200+ 2 2*512 KBL2 size 2.1/2.3/2.5/2.6f c [GHz] 154 mtrsNr. of transistors 126 mm 2 Die size 65 nm SOITechnology 12/2006Introduced G1Stepping 4000+ - 5000+Models Athlon 64 X2 1 Introduced 8/2006 2 Introduced 12/2006 Sources: AMD, Wikipedia 10.2.1 Overview of the Athlon 64 X2 lines (4)

9. Source: http://www.sandpile.org/impl/k8.htm Venice Stepping E3/E6, 90 nm, L2: 512 KB 84 mm 2, 77 mtrs San Diego Stepping E4/E6, 90 nm, L2: 1 MB 115 mm 2, 114 mtrs Figure: Single core versions of the Manchester and Toledo cores 10.2.1 Manchester line (1)

10. Table: Main features of the Manchester cores NX-bit Cool ‘n’ Quiet Pacifica virt. tech. 939Socket DDRMemory type 89 W 110 WTDP [W] (Manchester)Cores 2*512 KB 2.0/2.2/2.4 154 mtrs 147 mm 2 90 nm SOI 5/2005 E4 3800+/4200+ 4600+ L2 size f c [GHz] Nr. of transistors Die size Technology Introduced Stepping Models Athlon 64 X2 10.2.1 Manchester line (2) Sources: AMD, Wikipedia

11. Source: http://www.beareyes.com.cn/2/lib/200605/24/20060524141_4.htm Figure: Die shot of the Toledo core (Stepping E6, 90 nm, L2: 1 MB)) Toledo 10.2.1 Toledo line (1)

12. Figure: The dual-core Toledo core includes basically two San Diego cores (90 nm, L2: 1 MB) Toledo Source:http://www.sandpile.org/impl/k8.htm Stepping E6, 199 mm 2, 233 mtrs San Diego 115 mm2, 114 mtrs 10.2.1 Toledo line (2)

13. Table: Main features of the Toledo cores NX-bit Cool ‘n’ Quiet Pacifica virt. tech. 939 Socket DDR Memory type 89/110 W89 W 110 WTDP [W] (Toledo)(Manchester)Cores 2*512 KB 2.0/2.2/2.4 154 mtrs 147 mm 2 90 nm SOI 5/2005 E4 3800+/4200+ 4600+ 2*512KB/2*1 MB 2.0/2.2/2.4 233 mtrs 199 mm 2 90 nm SOI 5/2005 E6 3800+ 1 – 4800+ L2 size f c [GHz] Nr. of transistors Die size Technology Introduced Stepping Models Athlon 64 X2 10.2.1 Toledo line (3) Sources: AMD, Wikipedia

14. Figure: Die shot of the Windsor core (Stepping F) Source: Revision G Rumor Mill, http://129.15.202.185/athlon_rev_g/wtf_mates.html Windsor 10.2.1 Windsor line (1)

15. Sources: http://www.beareyes.com.cn/2/lib/200605/24/20060524141_4.htm Figure: Contrasting the Windsor (Rev. F) and the Toledo cores (Rev. E) Romanchenko V. and Sofronov D., „Debut of AMD AM2: the long-awaited DDR2 on AMD Athlon X2,” http://www.digital-daily.com/cpu/amd_am2_4000/ (Socket 939) (Stepping F supports DDR2 and the Pacific virtualisation technology) (Socket AM2) (Stepping F2/3, 90 nm/230 mm 2 /227 mtrs.) (Stepping E6, 90 nm/199mm 2 /233 mtrs.) ToledoWindsor 10.2.1 Windsor line (2)

16. Table: Main features of the Windsor cores 10.2.1 Windsor line (3) Sources: AMD, Wikipedia

17. Source: Revision G Rumor Mill, http://129.15.202.185/athlon_rev_g/wtf_mates.html Figure: Die shot of the 65 nm Brisbane core Brisbane 10.2.1 Brisbane line (1)

18. Source: PC Watch, Mai 2006, http://pc.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/2006/0503/kaigai267.htm Figure: Floor plan of the Brisbane core (single core version) 10.2.1 Brisbane line (2) Brisbane

19. PC Watch, Mai 2006, http://pc.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/2006/0503/kaigai267.htm Sources: Revision G Rumor Mill, http://129.15.202.185/athlon_rev_g/wtf_mates.html Figure: Floor plans of the Windsor and a single core Brisbane Windsor Brisbane (Stepping F2/F3, 90 nm, L2: 2 x 1 MB) (Stepping G1, 65 nm, 512 KB, enlarged) 10.2.1 Brisbane line (3)

20. Table: Main features of the Brisbane cores 10.2.1 Brisbane line (4) Sources: AMD, Wikipedia

21. (65 nm) K8 based (65 nm) K8L based Figure: Contrasting the basic parts of the Brisbane and Barcelona cores [2.4] BrisbaneBarcelona 10.2.1 Barcelona line (1)

22. Figure: AMD’s Barcelona quad-core [2.1] Based on K8L.Taped out in 8/06, to be delivered in Mid. 07 10.2.1 Barcelona line (2)

23. Figure: The Barcelona core (Stepping G, 65 nm, 4 x 512 KB shared L2, K8L core) [2.3] 10.2.1 Barcelona line (3) Barcelona

24. Die photo of AMD’s Barcelona Source: C/Net, http://news.com.com/2300-1006_3-6124500-1.html 291 mm2 10.2.1 Barcelona line (4) Barcelona

25. http://forums.theoverclocked.com/attachment.php?attachmentid=757&d=1162961230 Core Die shot of the quad-core Barcelona 10.2.1 Barcelona line (5) Barcelona

26. Table: Main features of AMD’s dual-core Athlon 64 FX line 939 DDR 2*1 MB 2.6 110 W 233 mtrs 199 mm 2 90 nm 1/2006 E6 60 (Toledo) AM2 DDR2 2*1 MB 2.8 125 W 227 mtrs 230 mm 2 90 nm 5/2006 F2 62 (Windsor) Athlon 64 FX NX-bit Cool ‘n’ Quiet Pacifica virt. tech. Socket F (1207)Socket DDR2Memory type 125 WTDP [W] (Windsor)Cores 2*1 MB 2.6/2.8/3.0 227 mtrs 230 mm 2 90 nm 11/2006 F3 70/72/74 L2 size f c [GHz] Nr. of transistors Die size Technology Introduced Stepping Models Sources: AMD, Wikipedia 10.2.1 Barcelona line (6)

27. Opteron 200 Opteron 2000 Italy Opteron 100Denmark90 nm 8/2005 90 nm Santa Rosa8/200690 nm Opteron 800 Opteron 8000 Egypt5/200590 nm Santa Rosa08/2006 90 nm Opteron 1000 Santa Ana90 nm 8/2006 Dual–core Opteron UP-lines Dual–core Opteron DP-lines Dual–core Opteron MP-lines 10.2.2 Dual-core server processors (E6) (F2) (E6) (F2) (E1/E6) (F2)

28. UP: Opteron 100/1000DP: Opteron 200/2000, MP: 800/8000 Figure: Basic structure of the Opteron families [2.5] 10.2.2 Overview of the dual-core server processors (1)

29. 10.2.2 Overview of the dual-core server lines (2) Figure: The integrated north bridge in AMD’s Opteron processors [2.7]

30. Table: Main features of AMD’s dual-core Opteron UP-lines Sources: AMD, Wikipedia 10.2.2 Dual–core Opteron UP-lines (1)

31. Table: Main features of AMD’s dual-core Opteron DP-lines Sources: AMD, Wikipedia 10.2.2 Dual–core Opteron DP-lines (2)

32. Table: Main features of AMD’s dual-core Opteron MP-lines Sources: AMD, Wikipedia 10.2.2 Dual–core Opteron MP-lines (3)

33. Opteron (E-Stepping, 199 mm 2, 233 mtrs.) Figure: Die shot of the E-Stepping Opteron [2.6] (Denmark, Italy and Egypt cores) 10.2.2 AMD’s UP-, DP- and MP-servers (E-Stepping) (1)

34. Toledo (E6-stepping, 199 mm 2, 233 mtrs) Opteron (E-stepping,199 mm 2, 233 mtrs.) Further source: http://www.beareyes.com.cn/2/lib/200605/24/20060524141_4.htm Figure:Contrasting the 90 nm desktop E6-stepping Toledo and the E-Stepping Opteron cores [2.6] 10.2.2 AMD’s UP-, DP- and MP-servers (E-Stepping) (2)

35. Figure: Die shot of the F2-Stepping Opteron (90 nm, L2: 2 x 1 MB, 220 mm 2 ?, 243 mtrs.?) [2.2] F2-stepping Opteron (Santa Ana, Santa Rosa cores) 10.2.2 AMD’s UP-, DP- and MP-servers (F-Stepping) (1)

36. Further source: Revision G Rumor Mill, http://129.15.202.185/athlon_rev_g/wtf_mates.html Windsor (F-stepping)Opteron (F-stepping) (90 nm, 230 mm 2, 227 mtrs.) (90 nm, 220 mm 2 ?, 243 mtrs.?) Figure: Contrasting the dies shots of the Windsor and Opteron (F-Stepping) cores [2.2] 10.2.2 AMD’s UP-, DP- and MP-servers (F-Stepping) (2)

37. Figure: Contrasting the die shots of the E and F2 Stepping Opterons [2.6], [2.2] E-stepping Opteron (199 mm 2, 233 mtrs) F2-stepping Opteron (220 mm 2 ?, 243 mtrs.?) 10.2.2 AMD’s UP-, DP- and MP-servers (F-Stepping) (3)

38. Figure: Shmoo plot of the F-stepping dual-core Opterons [2.2] (Technology: 90 nm, plot normalized to f c = 2.6 GHz and V DD = 1.35 V, at 95 W) 10.2.2 Shmoo plot of the 2.6 GHz F-stepping dual-core Opterons

39. Source: ”AA-64 Implementation AMD K8,” http://www.sandpile.org/impl/k8.htm Figure: 65 nm single core Opteron parts with 1 MB L2 on a 300 mm wafer 10.2.2 Opteron processors on wafers (1)

40. Source: http: ”AA-64 Implementation AMD K8,” http://www.sandpile.org/impl/pics/amd/k8/wafer_200mm_90nm_1024k_dc.jpg Figure: 90 nm dual core Opteron parts with 1 MB L2 on a 200 mm wafer 10.2.2 Opteron processors on wafers (2)

41. 200 mm wafer 300 mm wafer Figure: Contrasting 200 and 300 mm wafers (single core 90 nm parts, L2: 512 KB) Source: http://www.sandpile.org/impl/k8.htm 10.2.2 Opteron processors on wafers (3)

42. 200 mm wafer Single core, 90 nm, L2: 512 KB 10.2.2 Opteron processors on wafers (4) Figure: Single core Opteron chips (90 nm, 512 KB L2) on a 200 mm wafer Source: http://www.sandpile.org/impl/k8.htm

43. 10.2 Literature [2.8] - AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core Processor Key Architectural Features, http://www.amd.com/gb-uk/Processors/ProductInformation/0,,30_118_9485_13041^13043,00.html [2.4] Romanchenko V. and Sofronov D., „Debut of AMD AM2: the long-awaited DDR2 on AMD Athlon X2,” http://www.digital-daily.com/cpu/amd_am2_4000/ [2.1] Case L., „AMD unveils Barcelona Quad-Core Details,” Oct. 2006, http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1558,2027633,00.asp [2.3] Hester P., 2006 Technologyh Analyst Day, June 2006, http://www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/DownloadableAssets/PhilHesterAMDAnalystDayV2.pdf [2.5] Sander B., „AMD Microőrocessor Technologies,” 2006, http://www.ewh.ieee.org/r4/chicago/foxvalley/IEEE_AMD_Meeting.ppt [2.7] Weber F., „AMD’s Next Generation Microprocessor”, Oct. 2001, http://www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/DownloadableAssets/MPF_Hammer_Presentation.PDF [2.6] Teich P., „Multi-Core Processor Technology,” WinHEC 2005, http://developer.amd.com/assets/WinHEC2005_Mult-core.pdf [2.2] Dwang D. T., „ISSCC 2006: AMD Opteron,” http://www.realworldtech.com/page.cfm?NewsID=354&date=02-17-2006#354 http://www.amdinfo.co.kr/channel/boardFiles/ AMD_Server_roadmap.pdf?PHPSESSID=f0ce292d844c2ea860c37749b177d513 [2.9] - „AMD Server/Workstation Solution Provider Roadmap,” 3/2006,