1. INDUSTRIAL SPECIALTIES
Petroleum Specialties represent a group of products which find wide application in the various processing industries. These products are primarily used in processing for manufacture of high quality finished goods. In most cases the petroleum specialties become part of the finished articles.
They impart desirable properties to raw material to facilitate their processing into finished goods.
They assist in the processing operations of the manufactured articles.
They improve quality and serviceability of the materials being processed.
They generally form part of the manufactured articles imparting them desired properties.
They enhance the sales appeal of the finished articles.

2. SPECIALTY PRODUCT SERVICE PROGRAMME
Study of processes
Recommendation of most suitable products
Advise on correct application practices
Follow up on performance of the products
Suggestions for improving performance
Development of products for special applications
Technical service to the customers

3. INDUSTRIAL SPECIALTIES PRODUCT RANGE
ALPROL SPECIAL PROCESS OIL
CONKOTE CHAIN CONVEYOR LUBRICANT
DRAWMET METAL DRAWING OIL
ELASTO RUBBER PROCESS OIL
GLAMOL GLASS MOULD OIL
HYTHERM HEAT TRANSFER OIL
KOOLKUT SOLUBLE CUTTING OIL
METAQUENCH QUENCHING OIL
ROLMET ROLLING OIL
RUSTOP RUST PREVENTIVE OIL
SPRAY OIL E AGRICULTURE OIL
TRIMOFIN STRAIGHT CUTTING OIL
TRIMOL STRAIGHT CUTTING OIL
UNIPRO TEXTILE OIL

4. CUTTING OILS CUTTING OPERATION Chip formation in metal cutting
Heat sources
Built up edges
Cutting fluid paths

5. CUTTING OPERATION
Pressure
Friction
Heat

6. NECESSITY OF CUTTING FLUID
Heat generation by external friction is reduced / minimised by placing a suitable lubrication film between the rubbing surfaces of work piece, tool and chip
Cooling / lubrication of contact surface between tool, work piece and chip results in improved finish , higher cutting speeds, depth of cut, reduced power consumption and reduced rate of tool wear.
Prevents the welding/seizure taking place between tool and work piece resulting from high pressure and high temperatures.

7. FUNCTIONS OF CUTTING FLUID
To lubricate the contacting surface of tool, work piece and chip
To cool work piece, tool and chip
To prevent local welding of metal particles to the tool ( minimise built up edges )
To flush swarf from the cutting area

8. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CUTTING FLUIDS
Cause no rusting and corrosion of machines, work piece and tool
Cause no discoloration or staining of the metal
Should not smoke or foam in use
Have no objectionable odour
Should not decompose chemically in use
Should not be harmful to the machine operator

9. SEVERITY OF METAL CUTTING OPERATION
(In Descending Order)
Internal Broaching (Greatest )
Surface broaching, pipe threading
Plain Tapping, plain threading
Gear Shaving, Cutting and Removing
Deep drilling
Milling
Multi spindle screw machining
Automatic high speed machining
Drilling, shaping, single point turning
Sawing , grinding (Least)

10. TYPES OF CUTTING FLUIDS
WATER MIX TYPE CUTTING FLUIDS - Available as following type
Forming milky white emulsions
Forming translucent emulsions
Containing EP additives and forming emulsions
Synthetic/Chemical type miscible with water
OIL TYPE OR STRAIGHT CUTTING FLUIDS
Straight cutting oils
Mineral oil / Fatty oil type of cutting fluids
Transparent sulfurized and/or chlorinated cutting oils
Dark, heavy duty sulfurized cutting oils

11. WATER MIX CUTTING FLUIDS
Koolkut 30 : General purpose emulsifiable oil
Koolkut : Emulsifiable oil meeting IS 1115: 1986
Koolkut EP 66 : Emulsifiable oil with EP additives
Koolkut 70 : Semi- synthetic oil
Koolkut 80 : Premium Quality emulsifiable oil
Synthkool 100 : Semi-synthetic oil

12. STRAIGHT CUTTING FLUIDS( NON STAININMG TYPE)
Trimofin 15 : Low viscosity oil for honing
Trimofin 16 : Medium viscosity oil
Trimofin 18 : High lubricity oil
Trimofin 20 : Low viscosity chlorinated oil
Trimofin 21 : High viscosity chlorinated oil
Trimofin 23 : Sulfurized oil meeting IS 3065 : 1985
Trimofin 25 : Sulfurized oil high viscosity
Trimofin 26 : Sulfurized and chlorinated
Trimofin 27 : Sulfurized and chlorinated
STRAIGHT CUTTING FLUIDS ( STAINING TYPE)
Trimofin 54 : Low viscosity sulfurized oil
Trimofin 55 : Chlorinated and sulfurized oil
Trimofin 56 : Chlorinated and sulfurized oil
Trimofin 58 : High viscosity sulfurized oil

13. SOLUBLE CUTTING FLUIDS V/S STRAIGHT OILS
CHARACTERISTIC SOL. FLUID ST. OIL
Heat generation Moderate Low
Cooling ability High Low
Oiliness/Lubricity Moderate High
Chemical Activity Moderate High
Rust prevention Moderate High
Cutting speed High Low
Cutting tools H.S. Tools Carbide

14. ADDITIVES FOR CUTTING FLUIDS
Fatty oils
Sulfurized fatty oils
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons /waxes
Free sulfur
Oxidation inhibitors
Emulsifiers
Deodorants
Bacteriacides

15. TESTS CONDUCTED ON CUTTING FLUIDS
Density
Flash point
Viscosity
Viscosity Index
Pour point
Neutralisation Number
Volatility
Copper strip corrosion test
Emulsion test
Freeze test
Cast iron corrosion test

16. CARE OF CUTTING FLUIDS (SOLUBLE TYPE)
Do not use hard water above 500 ppm for making emulsions
Keep pH of emulsion at 9
Remove chips and fines regularly
Aerate the emulsion periodically
Clean the system thoroughly when changing the oil
Avoid oil blanket on the surface
Bacterial treatment of the emulsion
Keep the emulsion under circulation during weekly shut down

17. CARE OF CUTTING FLUIDS (OIL TYPE)
Remove chips and fines regularly
Remove the sludge daily
Before and after work , wash hands & forearms and apply suitable barrier cream
Do not wear oily clothes
Wear protective clothings
Use splash guards

18. TRIMOFINS IN PREFERENCE TO KOOLKUTS
When more lubrication is required between the contacting surfaces
When it is necessary to reduce friction between the tool and work piece to maximum extent
In situations where it is necessary to prevent local welding of metal particles to the tool face. Sulfurized additive type straight cutting oil are best suited for this purpose
For machining of magnesium and its alloys, it is necessary to use straight cutting oils as magnesium can combine with oxygen in water and can create fire hazards

19. NUMBERING SYSTEM OF TRIMOFINS
BRAND : TRIMOFINS
FIRST DIGIT : Indicative of staining/ non-staining properties
Number 1 & 2 = Non Staining
Number 5 & 6 = Staining
SECOND DIGIT : Indicative of potency scale
Number = Lowest Potency
Number = Highest Potency
Potency gradation based on type of EP additive and content Chlorination alone lowest potency Sulfurization with free sulfur highest potency .
* If first digit is 1 then second digit indicates % of compounding without
EP additives

20. RUST PREVENTIVE OILS METAL (IRON) WATER OXYGEN
TODAYS SHINING MACHINES ARE TOMORROW'S RUST SCRAPS
METAL (IRON)
WATER
OXYGEN

21. RUSTING - IMPLICATIONS
Damage machinery under cover as well as out of door
Delayed schedules
Costly repairs
Expensive Replacements
BASIC METHODS OF RUST PREVENTION
Removing causes of Rust (Oxygen and Moisture )
Increasing the resistance of metal to rusting
(Alloying with Chromium, Nickel or Copper)
Application of Protective coatings
- Metallic coatings
- Lacquers and paints
- Oxides and chemically formed films
- Petroleum based rust preventives

22. PETROLEUM RUST PREVENTIVES- TEMPORARY RUST PROTECTORS
Low initial cost
Ease of Application
Durability
Impermeability
Sufficient Elasticity of the film
Transparent film

23. CHARACTERISTICS OF PETROLEUM RUST PREVENTIVES
THE FILM SHOULD BE
Repellent to water and impervious to both water vapour and gases
Having sufficient thickness and strength to prevent dust or other solid particles from penetrating and coming in contact with metal surfaces
So as not drain out or evaporate from the surfaces
Having self-healing property
Chemically stable and should not harden to a great extent even on continued storage

24. FACTORS AFFECTING SELECTION OF RUST PREVENTIVES
Exposure
Nature of surface and type of equipment.
Handling methods.
Film characteristics desired.
Packaging

25. EXPOSURE Humidity Condensation Corrosive atmosphere
Duration of exposure
Temperature and sunlight
Exposure to Fresh/Salt water
Packaging

26. HANDLING FILM CHARACTERISTICS
Rough handling can cause rupture of the rust preventive film and thus expose the metal surface to the atmosphere to cause rusting.
FILM CHARACTERISTICS
Oily lubricating film
Greasy lubricating film.
Dry non lubricating film
Transparent film
Ease of removal
Sealing ability
Film stability and durability

27. NATURE OF SURFACES AND TYPE OF EQUIPMENT
Plain smooth surfaces
Parts having threads,crevices and holes
Open assemblies

28. CLASSIFICATION OF RUST PREVENTIVES
Light Duty : For General storage where moderate
humidity prevails with occasional
condensation.
Moderate Duty : For storage in open sheds or under
tarpaulins etc.
Heavy Duty : For most severe conditions of exposure
Outdoor storage

29. FOUR CLASSES OF RUST PREVENTIVES
CLASS USE OR COMPOSITION
HOT DIP : DIP PARTS IN MELTED PRODUCT
SOLVENT CUT BACK : VOLATILE CARRIER PLUS FILM
FORMING INGREDIENTS
OIL TYPE : LUBRICATING OILS PLUS
FILM FORMING INGREDIENTS
EMULSION TYPE : MIXED WITH WATER BEFORE USE

30. HP RUST PREVENTIVES HOT DIP TYPE
Products : Rustop 387
Rustop 388
Application : Protection during shipment and
subsequent storage involving
For machined steel surfaces,
threaded pipes, dies etc.
Method : Hot Dip
SOLVENT CUT-BACK TYPE
Products : Rustop 173, Rustop 274, Rustop 276
Applications : Indoor protection as well
as inter-process/final application
Applied by : Dip, Spray or Brush

31. OILY TYPE Products : Rustop 276 Rustop 285 Rustop 286 Rustop 287
Applications : Hydraulic Systems,
Gear Cases,
Internal combustion engines
Applied by : Circulation

32. EMULSION TYPE Products : Water based Rust Preventive
Applications : Steel sheets in cold rolling industries
Applied by : Dipping

33. NUMBERING SYSTEM FOR RUST PREVENTIVES
Rustop Grades : Non Asphaltic Products
First Digit : Indicative of product formulation
: 1 for solvent based
: 2 for oil based
: 3 for greasy film type
Second Digit : Indicating of film type and product
Property
: 7 for water displacing
: 8 for oily / greasy film
Third Digit : Indicating of colour
: 0 to 9 as number increases darker
the colour

34. QUENCHING OILS BASICS OF HEAT TREATMENT
When steel is heated and cooled, the iron it contains undergoes a structural change. Hot steel at its critical temperature and above is a solid solution of carbon in face - centered - cubic - iron - Austenite. When Austenite is cooled rapidly it is transformed to Martensite - hardest possible with body centred structure.
This cooling can be done by the process known as Quenching.

35. HEAT TREATMENT - OBJECTIVE
INCREASES
- STRENGTH
- TOUGHNESS
- HARDNESS
- WEAR RESISTANCE
REDUCE BRITTLENESS
IMPROVE MACHINABILITY
RELIEF OF INTERNAL STRAINS

36. QUENCHING MEDIUMS Salt Baths Brine Solution Synthetic Quenchants
Petroleum quenching Oils

37. QUENCHING- OPERATING TEMPERATURES
NATURE OF BATH TEMPERATURE RANGE ( ° C )
WATER : UPTO 100
BRINE SOLUTION : UPTO 102
OIL : UPTO 260
SALT :
LEAD :

38. DISADVANTAGES Salt Baths : - Difficult to automate
- Formation of sludge
- Quenched parts are difficult to clean
- Difficulties in disposing of spent salts and wash water
Brine Solution :
- Metal corrosion (water)
- Metal distortion
- Metal cracking
Synthetic Quenchants
- Looses concentration
- Expensive
- Not easily available

40. ADVANTAGES OF PETROLEUM QUENCHING OILS
Non corrosive
Non toxic
Suitable for large scale automation
Safe to use
Easily available
Comparatively low price

41. OIL CHARACTERISTICS INFLUENCING QUENCHING ABILITY
BOILING POINT
VISCOSITY
OXIDATION STABILITY
CHEMICAL STABILITY
THERMAL PROPERTIES
FLASH POINT
FREEDOM FROM WATER

42. COOLING STAGES IN QUENCHING
A. Leindenfrost stage or vapour blanket stage
- Formation of vapour due to sudden immersion of hot steel
- Cooling of steel takes place by conduction and radiation
- Vapours are poor conductors of heat
- Cooling of metal is relatively slow
B. Vapour Transport Stage
- Energetic boiling of quenchent
- Wetting of metal
- Fastest rate of cooling
C. Liquid Cooling Stage
- Formation of vapour bubbles is stopped
- Cooling by conduction and convection
- Rate of cooling is slower compared to VT Stage.

45. TYPE OF PETROLEUM HPC QUENCHING OIL
Straight Oils : Metaquench 39
Metaquench 40
Compounded Oils : Metaquench 42
Additive type Oils : Metaquench 43
Metaquench 44
Marquenching Oils : Metaquench 85
Metaquench 86

46. STRAIGHT OILS COMPOUNDED OILS General purpose quenching oils
Compatible with cyanide carry over
Can be used from ambient to 90°C
COMPOUNDED OILS
Blends of straight oil and fatty oils
Fatty oils assist in better wetting
Not recommended for cyanided parts.

47. ADDITIVE TYPE MARQUENCHING OILS Blend of straight oil and additives
Wetting agents
Anti oxidants
Detergents and Dispersants
MARQUENCHING OILS
Bath maintained at martensite temp
Imparts less thermal shocks to the metal.
Enables accurate and controllable quenching
Lesser rejections
Used mainly in automotive and bearing industries

48. OPERATIONAL PROBLEMS FIRE HAZARDS Insufficient hardness can be due to
Change in the composition of steel
Insufficient heating of the metal to its critical temperature
Time lag in transferring the metal from furnace to bath
Thickening of oil due to oxidation / sludging / dirt
Inadequate agitation
FIRE HAZARDS
Contamination with lighter oil fractions.
Insufficient circulation.
Hot Spots
Presence of water beyond 0.5%
Foaming
Violent Boiling

49. TYPICAL INSPECTION OF QUENCHING OIL
Grade Viscosity Flash GM
40 °C COC.°C QUENCHO
METER READING,
SECONDS
Metaquench
Metaquench
Metaquench
Metaquench
Metaquench
Metaquench 85 °C
Metaquench °C

51. ROLLING OILS

52. METAL ROLLING OILS
Rolling of metals is a process by which the thickness of the metal is reduced to the desired level by means of rotating rolls.

53. Metal rolling process may be divided into two basic categories :
Hot Rolling : Where the metal is pre-heated
and rolled
Cold Rolling : Where the metal is rolled at
the ambient temperature

54. FUNCTIONS OF ROLLING OIL
Reduce friction between rolls.
Provide adequate 'Bite' between roll and work.
Good conductor of heat.
Proper viscosity
Good Oxidation Stability
Non Corrosive
Non Staining
Non toxic

55. CHARACTERISTICS OF ROLLING OIL
Proper viscosity.
Water demulsibility property.
Good oxidation stability.
Non corrosive.
Non staining.
Non toxic.

56. SELECTION OF ROLL OILS Temperature of the metal. Rolling speed.
Type of metal being rolled.
Temperature of the metal.
Rolling speed.
Reduction schedule.
Roll oil system-Recirculating or once used.
Annealing equipment.
Quality requirements.

57. TYPES OF ROLL OILS : HP GRADES : Straight Mineral Roll Oils
Compounded Roll Oils
Emulsifiable Roll Oils
HP GRADES :
ROLMET 40
ROLMET 43
ROLMET 45

58. TYPICAL INSPECTION OF ROLL OILS
Characteristics ROLMET ROLMET N ROLMET V 40
Appearance Clear Clear Clear
Viscosity Kin.
@ C
Flash Point
COC 0 C
Pour Point
0 C
Neutralisation No
mgh KOH/gm

59. RUBBER OILS

61. ASTM Elastomer Trade names
Classification
NR Isoprene Rubber Natural Natural
SBR Styrene - Butadiene Rubbers GR-S, BUNA S
IIR Isobutylene - Isoprene Rubbers BUTYL
NRB Nitrile - Butadine Rubbers BUNA N
CR Chloroprene Rubbers Neoprene
EPM Ethylene Propylene Copolymer EPR, EPN
BR Butadine Rubbers Polybutadiene PB

62. PROCESSING OF GENERAL RUBBER GOODS
In order to process crude, synthetic or reclaimed rubber into condition suitable for use it must be put through several processes such as :
1. Break Down
2. Mixing
3. Calendering
4. Extruding
5. Preparation for curing
6. Vulcanizing

64. COMPOUNDING INGREDIENTS USED IN RUBBER GOODS MANUFACTURE
Vulcanizing Agents (Sulfur)
Accelerators (Sulfur Derivatives)
Activators (Stearic Acid)
Antioxidants (Phenolic Derivatives)
Fillers (Carbon Black)
Reinforcing Agents (Nylon, Rayon)
Softeners (Easters, Resins, Veg. Oils)
Tackifiers
Pigments (Colouring materials)
Retarders
Plasticizers oils / chemicals
Anti Ozonants

65. FUNCTIONS OF RUBBER OIL
1.Process Oils:
To improve processibility of rubber in milling, mixing and extruding.
To improve physical properties of valcanizites To reduce production costs
2.Extender Oils
Used in extended SBR aromatic / naphthenic oil use for desired finish They
contain 20 to 50% of oils per 100 parts of Rubber.
3.Reclaiming Oils
Aromatic oils are widely used.
5% of oil on the wt. of rubber is generally used
4.Secondary Plasticizers
Used in PVC cloth manufacture
Di-Octyl Phathalate (DOP)
Di-Isooctyl Phathalate (DIOP)
DI-Butly-Phthalate (DBP)

66. DESCRIPTION OF PETROLEUM OILS (AS PER ASTM)
% Saturates % Polar % Asphaltenes
Compounds
Type 101
(Highly aromatic) 20 Max. 25 Max Max.
Type 102
(Aromatic) Max. 0.5 Max.
Type 103
(Naphthenic) Mix Max.
Type 104
(Napthenic &
Paraffinic) Min. 1 Max. 0.1 Max.

67. HP RUBBER OILS ELASTO 215, 245 Elasto 215 Elasto 541 Naphthenic
Elasto 245 Paraffinic
Elasto 215
Elasto 541 Naphthenic
Elasto 590
Elasto 710 Aromatic
Elasto 715
ELASTO 215, 245
Paraffinic Type
High Flash Point
Low Solvency
Greatest use in butyl and EP DM rubbers
Used for processing light coloured goods, white walled tyres, shoe soles, toys, sporting goods.

68. ELASTO 541, 590 ELASTO 710, 715 Good colour stability
Naphthenic type
Good colour stability
Solvency better than Elasto 245
Used as general purpose rubber oil, tyres, mats, footwear,
moulded and extruded goods
ELASTO 710, 715
Aromatic type
Dark colour
Compatible with most rubber polymers
Automobile tyres, beltings, battery cases
For oil extended rubber
For rubber reclaiming

69. TESTING OF THE PROPERTIES OF EXTENDER AND RUBBER OILS
Specific Gravity
Viscosity
Flash Points
Volatality
Pour Point
Aniline Point
Neutralization Number
Refractive Index & Refractive Intercept
Viscosity Gravity Constant
U.V. Absorptivity

70. REFRACTIVITY INTERCEPT
The refractivity intercept of an oil is equal to refractive 20 0 C ½ density 2 0 C.
VISCOSITY GRAVITY CONSTANT
VGC = (G ) LOG (V )
0.755
G = Sp F
V1 = F
GENERAL INTERPRETATION OF VGC
VGC Range Oil Type
Paraffinic
Naphthenic
0.90 and above Aromatic

73. RUBBER OILS : NOMENCLATURE
Brand ELASTO
First Digit : Indicative of aromatic content.
First digit multiplied by 10
gives approx. % aromatics.
Second and
Third Digits :Indicative viscosity
Second and Third digits together show approx. 100 OC
When product viscosity is more than 210 0F Last two digits
Multiplied by 10 give products
100 OC.

74. RUBBER OILS Properties Elasto 245 541 710
Viscosity 40 OC
@ 100 0C
Flash Point, COC OC
Aniline Point, COC OC
Pour Point OC
Molecular Analysis
ASTM D 2007
Asphltenes Wt % Nil Nil Nil
Polar Compounds wt %
Aromatics wt %
Saturates wt %

75. HEAT TRANSFER OILS

76. Heat transfer fluids or heat carriers are defined as fluids which absorb thermal energy delivered from a source and then by cooling, or change of phase surrender to a place of utilization called a sink.

77. TYPES OF HEAT TRANSFER MEDIA
Grases - Air
Vapours - Steam
Liquids - Mineral Oil

78. HEAT TRANSFER FLUID Major Advantage of Liquid heat transfer fluid
Lower cost installation
Large diameter piping
Safety Valves
Capital Cost Reduction Steam Traps
Water treatment facilities
Lower Operating Cost
Low Maintenance Requirement
Reduced Make Up

79. PETROLEUM HEAT TRANSFER FLUID
Meet the exacting requirement of the customer.
Manufactured under special refining process.
Contribute an unusual versatility that improves operating characteristics in a number of important respects.

80. 1. Design Properties (Heat transfer and Transport properties).
SELECTION CRITERIA
1. Design Properties (Heat transfer and Transport properties).
Density specific gravity expansion coefficient.
Heat capacity (Specific heat).
Heat content (Enthalpy).
Heat conductivity.
Viscosity.
2. Construction Properties (Limited Properties)
Physical stability.
Chemical stability.
Thermal stability.
Cost
3. Operation Properties (Handling Properties)
Surface tension.
Corrosion.
Flammability.
Physiological effects

81. PROPERTIES OF THERMIC FLUID
Reasonably low pour point.
Specific heat - heat transfer properties are reasonably well maintained.
Thermally stable.
Stability to oxidation.
Not too viscous at ambient temperature (Cold start problem)
Should not loose viscosity too much at high temperature - (High VI)
Low vapour pressure - Fairly high Boiling Point
Free from water & insoluble materials.
Free from acidic reaction.

82. HP HEAT TRANSFER FLUIDS
HYTHERM 400
HYTHERM 500
HYTHERM 600

83. TYPICAL INSPECTION OF THERMIC FLUIDS
CHARACTERISTICS HYTHERM HYTHERM600
Viscosity Kin.
40 0C
Flash Point, COC, 0 C
Pour Point, 0 C 0
Neut No, mg KOH/gm
Specific C
Thermal C

85. DRAWING COMPOUNDS

86. METAL FORMING PROCESS PRESSING STAMPING FORGING DEEP DRAWING
WIRE DRAWING
TUBE DRAWING

87. TYPES OF DRAWING
HOT DRAWING
COLD DRAWING

88. TYPES OF DRAWING COMPOUNDS
WATER BASED
OIL BASED
SOLID LUBRICANTS

89. HP DRAWING COMPOUNDS
DRAWMET 15
DRAWMET 22
DRAWMET 44
DRAWMET 66

90. SELECTION OF DRAWING COMPOUNDS
TYPE OF DRAWING OPERATION
METAL BEING DRAWN
SEVERITY OF DRAWING

91. AUTOMOTIVE SPECIALTIES
HP KOOLGARD
SHOCK ABSORBER OIL
SUPER DUTY BRAKE FLUID-DOT3

92. HP SHOCK ABSORBER OILS:
HP SHOCK ABSORBER OIL LIGHT
HP SHOCK ABSORBER OIL HEAVY
HP SHOCK ABSORBER OIL AW
HP SHOCK ABSORBER OIL TELE

93. SHOCK ABSORBER OILS SHOCK ABSORBER DAMPING EFFECT INCREASES COMFORT
SHOCK ABSORBER HYDRULIC TYPE
PNEUMATIC TYPE
BOTH THESE TYPES OF SHOCK ABSORBERS NEED TO BE
OIL FILLED,SEALED FOR LIFE.
SHOCK ABSORBER ASSEMBLY HAS RUBBER COMPONENTS
TO SEAL OIL LEAKAGE WHICH COMES IN CONTACT WITH
OIL.
MINERAL OIL AFFECTS RUBBER.HENCE DUE IMPORTANCE
IS GIVEN WHILE FORMULATING SHOCK ABSORBER OILS.
THUS ANNILINE POINT SPECIFICATION BECOMES
IMPORTANT.

94. IMPORTANT MANUFACTURERS OF SHOCK ABSORBERS
STALLION SHOX
HYDRAULICS LTD.
INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS
GABRIEL INDIA LTD.
D.H.WOODHEAD
SACHS
ARMSTRONG
MUNJAL SHOVA(HERO HONDA- REAR)
ESCORTS TELE

95. SPECIFICATIONS CHARACTERISTIC HP SHOCK ABSORBER OIL TELE AW
KINEMATIC VISCOSITY
40 oC
100 oC
POUR POINT, oC
FLASH POINT, oC
ANNILINE POINT, oC
RUBBER SWELLING TEST
CHANGE IN VOL%MAX

96. SPECIFICATIONS CHARACTERISTIC HP SHOCK ABSORBER OIL LIGHT HEAVY
KINEMATIC VISCOSITY
40 oC
100 oC AVG MIN.
POUR POINT, oC
FLASH POINT, oC
ANNILINE POINT, oC
SAP VALUE,MG.KOH/gm
COPPER STRIP CORROSION
3 100 oC MAX.
FOAM STABILITY /0/ /0/0
2 INC MIN

97. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CHARACTERISTICS
ANILINE POINT LOWER THE ANNILINE POINT
GREATER THE SWELLING TENDENCY.
POUR POINT LOWER POUR POINT MAKES THESE OILS
SUITABLE FOR YEAR ROUND SERVICE IN ALL WEATHER CONDITIONS.

98. AUTOMOTIVE BRAKE FLUIDS
MINERAL OIL AFFECTS ALL TYPES OF RUBBER HENCE BRAKE FLUID IS NOT MADE WITH USE OF MINERAL OIL.
SIMILARLY VEGETABLE OILS DETERIORATE FASTER AT HIGH TEMPERATURE AND CAUSE SAFETY RISK.
HENCE NOT USED IN MODERN VEHICLES.
MIXTURE OF CASTOR OIL AND ALCOHOL, GLYCOLS AND POLYGLYCOLS ARE USED TO PRODUCE DIFFERENT TYPES OF BRAKE FLUIDS.

99. BRAKE FLUIDS
ISI HAS WITHDRAWN IS: FOR MODERATE DUTY BRAKE FLUID
HP STANDARD BRAKE FLUID NO LONGER MARKETED.
WE MARKET TWO TYPES OF BRAKE FLUIDS-
- HP HEAVY DUTY BRAKE FLUID MEETS IS: (AMENDMENT-1) SPECS.
SUITABLE FOR USE IN MOST AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLES AND CARRIES THEIR APPROVAL.
- HP SUPER DUTY BRAKE FLUID (DOT 3) MEETS - FMVSS
16 DOT 3 OF USE\A
SAE JAN. 80
IS :

100. BRAKE FLUIDS SPECIFICATION HP SUPER DUTY BRAKE FLUID Dot-4 Dot 3
KINEMATIC VISCOSITY
0 C MIN MIN
C MAX MAX
MAX BOILING POINT 0 C
SIGNIFICANCE OF TESTS:
REFLUXE BOILING POINT - HIGH REFLUXE BOILING POINT AVOIDS VAPOUR LOCK AT HIGH SERVICE TEMPERATURE

101. AUTOMOTIVE BRAKE FLUIDS
MINERAL OIL AFFECTS ALL THESE TYPES OF RUBBER HENCE BRAKE FLUID IS NOT MADE WITH USE OF MINERAL OIL.
SIMILARLY VEGETABLE OILS DETERIORATE FASTER AT HIGH TEMPERATURE AND CAUSE SAFETY RISK.
HENCE NOT USED IN MODERN VEHICLES.
MIXTURE OF CASTOR OIL AND ALCOHOL, GLYCOLS AND POLYGLYCOLS ARE USED TO PRODUCE DIFFERENT TYPES OF BRAKE FLUIDS.

102. HP KOOLGARD
EFFECTIVE COOLANT
FREEZE PROTECTION
COOLING SYSTEM PROTECTION

103. HP KOOLGARD
MEETS JIS-2234 SPECIFICATIONS
MEETS ASTM PERFORMANCE
CONCENTRATIONS RECOMMENDED
33% IN WATER FOR AMBIENT TEMPERATURES UP TO (-) 15 OC
50% IN WATER FOR AMBIENT TEMPERATURES UP TO (-) 34 OC