1. Movement- Push and pull factors

2. Movement Provides example of where history and geography are connected
Both historians and geographers study how and why people have moved within the United States as well as to the United states from other places.
Push and Pull factors

3. Exploration and Settlement 1800-1820

5. Migration Chart Westward Movement: Who: Settlers and Pioneers
Where: From States in the Eastern part of the U.s
*To states in the west such as Michigan, and later on Oregon and Nebraska
When: From the early 1800s to around 1900
Why: Push factor: lack of opportunity
Pull Factor: Farm Land Adventure

6. Underground Railroad
Was a secret organization of routes, safe housed, and people.
Purpose was to guide escaped slaves from the South to freedom in the North.
Was neither a railroad nor underground
Operated mainly between 1830 and 1861
Michigan important part of the Underground Railroad

7. Michigan People important in the Underground Railroad
Laura Smith Haviland
Led escaped slaves to Canada
Southern slave owners offered a $3,000
reward for her capture
She and her family also opened one of the first schools in Michigan for black people
George De Baptiste
Black businessman bought a ship to take escaped
slaves across the Detroit River to Canada
Member of the Second Baptist Church; important station on the Underground Railroad

8. Continued Sojourner Truth Nathan Thomas
Was born a slave in New York in 1797, freed in 1828
Became an abolitionist, person who believed slavery
should be made illegal
Supporter of voting rights for women
Excellent speaker and traveled the U.S speaking out against slavery and the rights of all people
Nathan Thomas
Doctor in Kalamazoo County
Started helping slaves in 1843
Over 1000 slaves passed through his home

10. Migration chart Underground Railroad
Who: Enslaved people in southern slave states
Where: From slave states in the South
To states in North and to Canada
When: From the 1840s to around 1860
Why: Push Factor- Slavery
Pull Factor- Freedom
Hw. Assign informational article “The Mitten”

11. Orphan Trains Occurred between 1850s to 1920s
Estimated 100,000 homeless children sent by train from NYC to smaller towns and farms in the Midwest
First orphan train riders, group of 14 boys, arrived in in Michigan
By 1927, about 12,500 orphans had been placed in MI
39% were girls. Most were never adopted

12. Migration Chart Orphan Trains Who- Homeless orphans in NYC
Where- From NYC to small towns and farms in the Midwest
When- Mid-1850s to the late 1920s
Why- Push factor- No family or home
Pull Factor- The chance for a home and family

13. The Great Migration
Millions of African Americans moved from the south to the North during early 1900s
Reason for movement of people; escaping racism of the south and find a better life in the cities of the North.
Many settled in Detroit
Racism in the South-Push or Pull factor?
Racism was a Push factor, while factory jobs were a pull factor

14. Migration Chart The “Great Migration”
Who- African Americans in the South
Where- From south to cities in the North like Detroit
When to around 1940
Why- Push Factor- Racism and lack of opportunity
Pull Factor- Jobs and the hope of a better life

15. Forced to Move??
Around 1830, it became the official policy of the US government to remove Native Americans from their lands to reservations west of the Mississippi River.
They did not want to move, but were forced
“The Removal of the Michigan Potawatomi”
Who was migrating, or moving, in the book?
From where had they been living?
To where were they moving?
When were they moving?
Why were they moving?
What push factors were described?
What pull factors were described

16. Migration Chart Native American Removal
Who-Native Americans such as the Potawatomi
Where- From states like Michigan to states like Kansas and Oklahoma
When- 1830
Why-Push Factor- pushed out and relocated
Pull Factor- US government provided lands for Native Americans