1. Chapter 6 Vocabulary Identify the following for homework.
Sectionalism
XYZ Affair
Alien and Sedition Acts
Nullification
Aaron Burr
Judiciary Act of 1801
Midnight Judge
Marbury v. Madison
Judicial review
Louisiana Purchase
Lewis and Clark
Sacajawea
Judiciary Act of 1783
Alexander Hamilton
Cabinet
National bank
Republican
2-party system
Protective tariff
Excise tax
Neutrality
Edmond Genet
Thomas Pinckney
Little Turtle
John Jay

2. Launching the New Nation

3. The New Government Takes Shape
“We are in the wilderness without a single footstep to guide us.” – James Madison
Bold experiment – theories of Enlightened thinkers – John Locke
George Washington is elected unanimously
Government based upon the will of the people

4. Judicial System Judiciary Act of 1789
Supreme Court had 1 chief justice and 5 associate justices
allowed state courts to appeal to federal courts when constitutional issues were raised
Ensured the Supreme Court was the “Law of the land”
J.A. of 1789 –
3 federal circuit courts & 13 federal district courts throughout the country

5. Executive Branch Executive Departments
Department of State – deal with foreign affairs
Thomas Jefferson
Department of War – military
Henry Knox
Department of Treasury – finances
Alexander Hamilton
Became known as the cabinet and his chief advisors
Cabinet – many friends and family felt they had rights to many positions

6. Hamilton vs. Jefferson Strong central government led by powerful elite
Favored commerce and industry
Loose interpretation of government
Nat. bank constitutional
Distrusted strong central government and rich
Favored state and local governments
Favored farmer-citizens
Feared absolute ruler
Strict interpretation of government
Nat. bank unconstitutional
Both appointed because of political differences

7. Hamilton’s Plan National government would take the states debt
Create national bank
Southern states opposed the plan – move capital to DC
National Bank: opponents said there was no call for bank in the constitution
Led to strict vs. loose interpretation of the constitution
Those who loaned the money would support the new government b/c if it failed, they would not be paid back

8. Political Parties 2 parties formed
Why? The power & size of federal gov. vs. state & local gov.
Federalists –strong central government
Republicans –strong state government, agrarian (farming) economy, limited central gov. & power of the people
Do you think Washington supported the parties?
Split in Washington’s cabinet caused the 1st political party
Republicans later became the Democrats
Washington, a federalist, was not opposed during the 1792 election.
Washington feared the parties because he feared it would split national unity

9. Whiskey Rebellion Congress (Hamilton) placed excise tax on whiskey
Many farmers relied on whiskey sales
Farmers in Western PA rebelled
Federal government showed power over domestic issues
Protective tariff – import on tax produced in Europe
What is an excise tax? Tax on a product’s manufacture, sale or distribution
Threatened to secede from the union

10. French-American Alliances
Treaty of 1778
French expected help during the French Revolution
Divided Americans
Washington declared neutrality
Genet – French diplomat
Treaty of 1778 – alliance between France and US

11. Relations with Spain
US wanted lands west of the Appalachians and shipping rights on the Mississippi River
Area controlled by Spain
Pinckney’s Treaty of 1795
Spain gave up all claims east of the Mississippi, opened the River & 31st parallel to N. Florida
Paved the way for US expansion

12. US citizens clashed with Indians
Other Relations
US citizens clashed with Indians
Gov. bought land for much less than it was worth – Treaty of Greenville