1. Nobelpris i fysik 2009
"for the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit – the CCD sensor"
Willard S. Boyle
b. 1924
George E. Smith
b. 1930

2. Timeline
Paul Nipkow sends images over
wires using a rotating metal disk
technology calling it the electric
telescope with 18 lines of resolution.

3. Timeline
John Baird's 30 line images were the first demonstrations of television by reflected light rather than back-lit silhouettes.
Recording of dancing girls.

5. Timeline
The Russian inventor, Vladimir Zworykin invented the cathode-ray-tube called the kinescope in The kinescope tube was sorely needed for television.

6. Timeline
Vladimir Zworykin developed a camera tube called the Orthicon. The Orthicon had enough light sensitivity to record outdoor events at night.
Vladimir Zworykin developed an even better camera tube called the Vidicon.

7. Timeline
First MOS transistor
build at Bell Labs.
Bobeck and his team demonstrates magnetic bubble memory at Bell Labs.
AT&T launches Telstar, the first satellite to carry TV broadcasts - broadcasts are now internationally relayed.

8. Timeline
Boyle and Smith invents the Charge Coupled Device CCD.

9. Timeline
The wave nature of matter
The transistor
The electronic structure of glass
and magnetic materials
The Cosmic microwave radiation
Nobel avards
to Bell Labs
Ivan Stensgaard
employed at Bell
The cooling and trapping of atoms
The fractional quantum Hall effect.
The CCD sensor

10. The CCD principle
Boyle and Smith got inspiration from the Metal Oxide Semiconductor structure (MOS).
And from the Magnetic
Bubble Memory.

11. The CCD principle
The basic MOS structure
Moving the charges

12. The CCD principle

13. The first CCD Images from ‘The invention and early history of the CCD’
G E Smith
NIM A 607 (2009) 1–6

14. The CCD

15. CCD at this Department The individual pixels spaced at 27 μm.
CCD used at the Ole Rømer observatory
Around x512 pixels

16. Astronomic images
Photographic image
CCD image

17. Digital color cameras Department Private Astronomy Kepler
Medion MD9700
2003
2272x1704 pixels
Kr. 2000
Casio QV10
1995
320x240 pixels
Kr. 7000
Special camera
2009
~9800x9800 pixels
$. A lot
Area: 30x30 cm2
FujiFilm
2005
1280x960 pixels
Kr. 300
Kodak DC-120
1997
1280x960 pixels Kr
Samsung L55W
2006
2944x1656 pixels
Kr. 1500

18. CCD’s for all, a WEB camera
The individual R G B pixels
Spaced around 8.7 μm.
Color CCD from an early
cheap WEB camera.
Around x484 pixels

19. CCD in optical mouse
Chip 2.5x2.5 mm2
CCD 1.2x1.2 mm2
18x18 pixels

20. The Nobel Laurates 1970

21. Nobelpris i fysik 2009
"for the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit – the CCD sensor"
Willard S. Boyle
b. 1924
George E. Smith
b. 1930