1. What is Science? What is Physical Geography? GPH 111

2. Game Plan:  What is science?  How does science operate?  What is induction and deduction?  What is physical geography  What are three main sub-disciplines  What is energy and how does it relate to physical geography?  What is a system and how does it relate to physical geography?  What is science?  How does science operate?  What is induction and deduction?  What is physical geography  What are three main sub-disciplines  What is energy and how does it relate to physical geography?  What is a system and how does it relate to physical geography?

3. The observation, identification, description, experimental investigation, and theoretical explanation of phenomena.

4. Working with other people to try and figure something out.

5. How does science work? 1.Observe or Collect Data 2.Ask a question 3.Hypothesize 4.Test Hypothesis through carefully designed Methodology 5.Explain Results – Falsify or Fail to Falsify 6.Recommend future work Demonstrate!

6. If a bunch of people start to work together toward a problem, science kind of looks like…

7. Demonstrate! Induction: Works from broad natural and experimental observations, and builds toward a universal theory. Deduction: Using a universal theory as a starting a point, and then questions its validity at some smaller local setting.

9. The Science of Physical Geography: The study of all the physical elements and processes that make up the environment: energy, air, water, weather, climate, landforms, soils, animals, plants, microorganisms, and Earth.

10. Climatology Temperature, Pressure, and Humidity

11. Geomorphology Weathering, Hillslope Processes, and Fluvial Processes

12. Biogeography Animals, Plants, Microorganisms

13. Physical Geography from an Energy Perspective… 1 calorie = The energy required to increase 1 cubic centimeter of water 1° Celsius Can you think of anything that uses energy? What is the ultimate source of that energy?

14. Four Types of Energy: 1.Strong Nuclear Force – Fission and Fusion 2.Weak Nuclear Force – Radioactivity 3.Electromagnetism – Electricity and Magnetism 4.Gravity – Otherwise known as GRAVITY 1.Strong Nuclear Force – Fission and Fusion 2.Weak Nuclear Force – Radioactivity 3.Electromagnetism – Electricity and Magnetism 4.Gravity – Otherwise known as GRAVITY The Sun Isotopic Decay Lightning and Earth’s Magnetic Field

15. And a Systems Perspective… Can you think of anything that operates as a system???

16. An example from Earth:

17. The Earth from an Energy and Systems Perspective What would it mean if earth was in equilibrium? Is Earth in an equilibrium?

18. Things to know… Definition of Science (easy one) The scientific process Induction and Deduction What Climatologists study What Geomorphologists study What Biogeographers study An example of Energy Describe a system and provide an example What is equilibrium? Help: Chapter EG