1. International Aviation and Climate Change: The ICAO Contribution
Jane Hupe
Chief, Environment Branch
ICAO

2. Setting the Scene Fast, reliable, and safe mode of transport
Responsible for 4-8% of global economy
No comparative alternatives for long haul pax transport
2.3 billion pax/year carried worldwide
Scheduled pax traffic worldwide forecast to grow at 4.6% per year
Aircraft produced today are 70% more fuel efficient than 40 years ago
First sector with a special IPCC report (1999)
Aviation’s Global CO2 Emissions, 2000
(Int’l Aviation’s Contribution was ~1.2%)
Global GHG Emissions by Sector, 2004
Global Transportation CO2 Emissions, 2000
Residential and Commercial Buildings
Aviation CO2 Emissions
Aviation
Agriculture
Waste and Wastewater
Transport
Other
Forestry
Road
Global CO2 Emissions
Energy Supply
Source: IPCC
Industry

3. ICAO’s Three Environmental Goals for Civil Aviation
Reduce the number of people exposed to significant noise
Reduce the impact of aviation emissions on local air quality
Reduce the impact of aviation emissions on the global climate
(Let’s focus on progress achieved in regard to the third goal.)

4. ICAO—No progress?
Since ICAO last Assembly: develop, organize, facilitate, set, innovate, assess, approve, publish, investigate, promote, support, lead by consensus, communicate, analyze, establish, disseminate, encourage, design, achieve, etc.
CAEP Working Group
GIACC
DGCIC Meetings
COP 15
Standards, Guidances, Reports, Studies
CAEP/8
High Level Meeting
ICAO Carbon Emissions Calculator
ICAO’s role
I would put here the text from Mai on the leadership of ICAO
Some recent achievements on aviation emissions are noteworthy such as
Developed a global framework - 3 key elements:
Global aspirational goals for international aviation sector;
Measures taken by States to reduce aviation emissions; and
Monitoring and implementation framework (reporting mechanism)
High Level Meeting Declaration:
Global 2% annual fuel efficiency improvement
Exploration of more ambitious goals
CO2 Standard and further operational changes
Framework for market-based measures
Alternatives Fuels
Data Collection
ICAO Programme of Action on International Aviation and Climate Change

5. ICAO’s Three Years of Achievement
2007
ICAO Assembly mandates formation of Group on International Aviation and Climate Change (GIACC) and High-level Meeting (HLM) to develop concrete proposals in connection with the UNFCCC process

6. Three Years of Achievement (Cont’d)
2008
GIACC explores three elements of ICAO Programme of Action:
Global aspirational fuel-efficiency goals
Measures to achieve emissions reductions
Measures and metrics to monitor progress

7. Three Years of Achievement (Cont’d)
2009
HLM develops only globally-harmonized agreement by any sector on CO2 emissions:
2% annual fuel efficiency improvement
CO2 standard for aircraft
Decision to develop framework for market-based measures
Measures to assist developing States

8. Three Years of Achievement (Cont’d)
5. Collection by ICAO of international civil aviation emissions data
6. Submission to ICAO of States’ Voluntary Action Plans on Emissions
Conference on Aviation and Alternative Fuels establishes ICAO Global Framework for Aviation Alternative Fuels

9. Three Years of Achievement (Cont’d)
2010
The Organization, States and industry continue to
Explore feasibility of more ambitious goals
Develop a framework for market-based measures in international aviation
Elaborate on measures to assist States

10. Three Years of Achievement (Cont’d)
CAEP 8
ICAO Colloquium on Aviation and Climate Change
Further assessments
Cooperation with financial institutions
Global Framework on Alternative Aviation Fuels

11. Three Years of Achievement (Cont’d)
Action plans
Proposal for new policy
Launch of second ICAO Environmental Report

12. Three Underlying Determinants of ICAO’s Actions
A sense of responsibility
ICAO’s commitment to environmental protection predates both Rio 92 and UNFCCC
A culture of leadership
# of firsts; wide UN use of carbon calculator
A commitment to partnership
UNFCCC, States, industry, UN system, NGOs

13. What We Can Expect Assembly to decide on the way forward:
Medium-term global goal
Process for elaboration on a long-term global goal
Framework for market-based measures
Assistance for States
States’ action plans

14. Looking Ahead 2010 Challenges: Assembly and UNFCCC, then…
Assembly sets a new work programme
CAEP work will continue/intensify
Facilitate alternative fuels development/deployment
Coordinate/cooperate with other UN bodies (New climate agreement)
Sustainability of aviation
2010 has been and will continue to be a very busy year.
The Secretariat is preparing a number of papers aimed at informing on the Assembly on matters related to environmental protection. Those include reporting on environmental trends, alternative fuels, an update on activities in other UN bodies, the Climate Neutral UN initiative, the outcomes of the CAEP/8 meeting, and a separate paper on international aviation and climate change.
I don’t have a crystal ball, but it doesn’t take one to know that in 2011 we will have a new work program as established by the Assembly. I’m quite confident that environmental issues will remain among the organization’s priorities.
We also can expect that the 3 year CAEP work program that was established in February will continue.
As presented earlier, the development of sustainable alternative fuels for aviation is underway. The recent ASTM D-1655 approval was the result of a collaborative effort between fuel producers, aircraft and engine manufacturers, and aircraft operators. With the green light that drop-in alternative fuels can be used, if they were available. ICAO has been in discussions with regional banks to facilitate access to financing the significant start up costs that can be a barrier for making the everyday use of those fuels a reality. We expect those discussions to advance substantially over the next year.
And, perhaps we will have a new climate agreement.

15. More information on ICAO 'activities
NEW ICAO Environmental Report
30 Sept. 2010
THANK YOU
www. icao.int
Slide 11 More information on ICAO’s activities
Thank you gain for the opportunity to join the panel, at this point I’d be happy to take any questions.