2. Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review It’s a Small World: Examining a microscopic object Click the arrow at he right to begin the course.

3. Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review Turn pages with the arrows below or click a TAB at the right to move to another section of the course. In this course you’ll learn how to o Set up your microscope o Adjust light for optimum viewing o Focus on a microscopic object In this course you’ll learn how to o Set up your microscope o Adjust light for optimum viewing o Focus on a microscopic object Is this your first time through the course? Consider viewing the modules in order: Setup Illumination Focusing Review

4. Intro Click on the TIP cards for details about special topics. Setup Illumination Focusing Review Click on the TIP cards for details about special topics. Click on the TIP cards for details about special topics. TIP Much of our natural world is too small to be seen clearly with the naked eye. With your microscope you will experience fresh perspectives with a window to hidden worlds. Much of our natural world is too small to be seen clearly with the naked eye. With your microscope you will experience fresh perspectives with a window to hidden worlds.

5. Intro In these modules you’ll learn how to o Set up your microscope o Adjust light for optimum viewing o Focus on a microscopic object In these modules you’ll learn how to o Set up your microscope o Adjust light for optimum viewing o Focus on a microscopic object Setup Illumination Focusing Review Is this your first time through the course? Consider viewing the modules in order: Setup Illumination Focusing Click on the TIP cards for details about special topics. Click on the TIP cards for details about special topics. Get to know your microscope. Become familiar with microscope set-up BEFORE your lab session. It will help you get the most out of your time in the lab. This course has the information and resources you need to get started with your exploration of worlds unseen. TIP

6. Intro Parts Place your microscope on the table with the STAGE facing you. The OCULAR LENSES should project beyond the stage. Place your microscope on the table with the STAGE facing you. The OCULAR LENSES should project beyond the stage. SETUP TIP Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review

7. Parts Care Tips Place your microscope on the table with the stage facing you. The ocular lenses should project beyond the stage. Position your microscope. Setup Illumination Focusing Review Adjust the head. If the lenses don’t face you, loosen the thumb screw at the base of the head and rotate the head to properly position the lenses over the stage. Secure the thumb screw once the lenses are properly positioned. Intro

8. Parts Plug in the cord and turn on the light. Grasp the NOSEPIECE. Turn it to position the lowest power OBJECTIVE LENS over the stage opening. You will feel a click as the lens moves into the correct position. Select the lowest power lens. TIP Setup Illumination Focusing Illumination Focusing Review Stage opening Intro

9. Parts Plug in the cord and turn on the light. Grasp the nosepiece. Turn it to position the LOWEST POWER objective lens over the stage opening. You will feel a click as the lens moves into the correct position. Select the lowest power lens. Setup Illumination Focusing Review Lenses are fragile. Avoid using the LENSES as turning handles. The lenses are delicate and can loosen or be easily damaged. Really bad idea! Intro

10. Parts ANIMATE Turn the COARSE FOCUS KNOB to raise the stage to its highest position. The coarse focus knob is the OUTER of the two focus knobs. Raise the stage. Stage at highest position Illumination Focusing Review coarse focus knob Intro Setup

11. Parts Turn the condenser knob to raise the CONDENSER to its highest position under the stage. Raise the condenser. Condenser at highest position Illumination Focusing Review condenser Intro Setup

12. Intro Parts Place a slide on the stage. Press the SPRING ARM LEVER away from you. Place the slide on the stage with the label facing up. Release the spring arm slowly to secure the slide. Click HERE for a slide placement demo Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review

13. Intro Parts Look for the object that’s mounted on the slide. Turn the SLIDE ADJUSTMENT KNOBS to move the slide and center the object over the condenser. Center the slide. TIP Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review

14. Intro Parts Look for the object mounted on the slide. Turn the SLIDE ADJUSTMENT KNOBS to move the slide and center the object over the condenser. Center the slide. You can control your slide. The slide adjustment knobs move the slide right, left, forward and backward. When you are observing the object through the eyepiece, you will use these knobs repeatedly to look at different areas of the object. Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review

15. Care ILLUMINATION Setup The intensity of light passing through the lenses is controlled by the condenser and the iris diaphragm. You will adjust the CONDENSER first. It usually remains in the same position throughout your lab session. You will adjust the IRIS DIAPHRAGM often during your session to maintain optimum light at all times. The intensity of light passing through the lenses is controlled by the condenser and the iris diaphragm. You will adjust the CONDENSER first. It usually remains in the same position throughout your lab session. You will adjust the IRIS DIAPHRAGM often during your session to maintain optimum light at all times. Focusing Review iris diaphragm condenser Intro Illumination

16. Care Position the condenser. Slowly turn the condenser knob to LOWER the condenser about ¼ inch from its original position under the stage. 4X Setup TIP Focusing Review condenser Intro Illumination

17. Care Position the condenser. 4X Setup Illumination Focusing Review condenser Slowly turn the condenser knob to LOWER the condenser about ¼ inch from its original position under the stage. Adjustment takes practice. You may need to make several adjustments during set-up. With experience, you will learn the best condenser position for the job. Once it is properly set, the condenser is not usually moved during a microscope session. Intro

18. Care Adjust the iris diaphragm. Open or close the iris diaphragm to adjust the light intensity. The aperture or opening of the iris diaphragm is controlled with either a lever or a turning collar. TIP Setup Illumination Focusing Review Intro

19. Care Adjust the iris diaphragm. Setup Illumination Focusing Review Open or close the iris diaphragm to adjust the light intensity. The aperture or opening of the iris diaphragm is controlled with either a lever or a turning collar. Having trouble seeing details? Microscopic detail is hard to see when the light is too bright. But it can be just as hard to see if the light is too dim. A good rule of thumb is to begin with the diaphragm open about halfway. You will find that you need more light to see details using high magnification lenses. Intro

20. Tips 0 FOCUSING Your microscope has two knobs for focusing. They move the stage up and down, bringing the object into focus through the lens. The large outer COARSE focus knob moves the stage in larger increments than the small inner FINE focus knob. Your microscope has two knobs for focusing. They move the stage up and down, bringing the object into focus through the lens. The large outer COARSE focus knob moves the stage in larger increments than the small inner FINE focus knob. Setup Illumination Focusing Setup Review fine focus knob coarse focus knob Intro

21. Tips Begin to focus on your object. Look through the eyepiece. Slowly turn the (outer) COARSE focus knob to slightly LOWER the stage until the object is visible. It may not be in sharp focus. TIP Setup Illumination Focusing Review Intro

22. Tips Begin to focus on your object. Setup Illumination Focusing Review CRASH! Look through the eyepiece. Slowly turn the (outer) COARSE focus knob to slightly LOWER the stage until the object is visible. It may not be in sharp focus. Look while LOWERING. Never RAISE the stage while looking through the eyepiece. You may “crash” the slide with the objective lens. Intro

23. Tips Focus clearly on your object. Continue to look through the eyepiece. Turn the (inner) FINE focus knob until the object is clear and sharp. Setup Illumination Focusing Review Intro

24. Tips Focus clearly on your object. Setup Illumination Focusing Continue to look through the eyepiece. Turn the (inner) FINE focus knob until the object is clear and sharp. e e Needs focusing e In focus Review Intro

25. Tips Focus clearly on your object. Setup Illumination Focusing Review Continue to look through the eyepiece. Turn the (inner) FINE focus knob until the object is clear and sharp. If you cannot focus after ¼ turn, use the COARSE focus knob to readjust or ask for help. Intro

26. Tips Congratulations! You have learned to set up your microscope, adjust the illumination and focus on an object. With laboratory practice you’ll soon be an experienced microscopist. Human blood cells Setup Illumination Focusing Review Intro

27. Terms Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review REVIEW Now that you know the basics of microscope setup and use, you may want to review this Quick Guide.

28. Terms Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review Become a skilled microscopist. What does it take to get really comfortable with your microscope? Practicing in the lab is the best way sharpen your skills. But you can do plenty to prepare ahead of time. Try using the resources on the next page.

29. Terms Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review Check out these links. Print a copy of the QUICK GUIDE to keep with you in the lab as you use the microscope. QUICK GUIDE View the companion course, Meet Your Microscope: An Introduction to Basic Microscopy (microscope parts and expert safety Meet Your Microscope: An Introduction to Basic Microscopy tips). Read the complete transcript of It’s A Small World: Examining a Microscopic Object.It’s A Small World: Examining a Microscopic Object Watch a video demo of microscope care and operation click from the students at the University of Delaware.video demo

30. Terms Want to know more? To test your knowledge of microscope parts click on an ocular lens. To practice with a virtual microscope click on an objective lens. Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review

31. Terms Take the challenge. Focus on your microscope knowledge with this section’s self-check questions. Focus on your microscope knowledge with this section’s self-check questions. Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review

32. Terms Concept check 1 To better observe an image that is SLIGHTLY out of focus you should use the condenser adjustment knob. a higher power objective lens. the fine focus knob. the coarse focus knob. Concept check 1 Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review

33. Terms Concept check 1 Correct! To better observe an image that is SLIGHTLY out of focus you should use the condenser adjustment knob. a higher power objective lens. the fine adjustment knob. the coarse adjustment knob. Correct! To better observe an image that is SLIGHTLY out of focus you should use the condenser adjustment knob. a higher power objective lens. the fine adjustment knob. the coarse adjustment knob. Concept check 1 Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review

34. Terms Concept check 1 Sorry, the correct answer is... To better observe an image that is SLIGHTLY out of focus you should use the condenser adjustment knob. a higher power objective lens. the fine adjustment knob. the coarse adjustment knob. Sorry, the correct answer is... To better observe an image that is SLIGHTLY out of focus you should use the condenser adjustment knob. a higher power objective lens. the fine adjustment knob. the coarse adjustment knob. Concept check 1 Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review

35. Terms Concept check 1 When focusing, you should BEGIN with which one of the following objective lenses? 4X 10X 40X 100X When focusing, you should BEGIN with which one of the following objective lenses? 4X 10X 40X 100X Concept check 2 Review Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review

36. Terms Concept check 1 Correct! When focusing, you should BEGIN with which one of the following objective lenses? 4X 10X 40X 100X Correct! When focusing, you should BEGIN with which one of the following objective lenses? 4X 10X 40X 100X Concept check 2 Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review

37. Terms Concept check 1 Sorry, the correct answer is... When focusing, you should BEGIN with which one of the following objective lenses? 4X 10X 40X 100X Sorry, the correct answer is... When focusing, you should BEGIN with which one of the following objective lenses? 4X 10X 40X 100X Concept check 2 Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review

38. Terms Concept check 1 Which TWO are used to control the amount of light passing through the lenses ? Ocular lens/objective lens Ocular lens/condenser Iris diaphragm/condenser Iris diaphragm/objective lens Which TWO are used to control the amount of light passing through the lenses ? Ocular lens/objective lens Ocular lens/condenser Iris diaphragm/condenser Iris diaphragm/objective lens Concept check 3 Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review

39. Terms Concept check 1 Correct! Which TWO are used to control the amount of light passing through the lenses ? Ocular lens/objective lens Ocular lens/condenser Iris diaphragm/condenser Iris diaphragm/objective lens Correct! Which TWO are used to control the amount of light passing through the lenses ? Ocular lens/objective lens Ocular lens/condenser Iris diaphragm/condenser Iris diaphragm/objective lens Concept check 3 Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review

40. Terms Concept check 1 Sorry, the correct answer is... Which TWO are used to control the amount of light passing through the lenses ? Ocular lens/objective lens Ocular lens/condenser Iris diaphragm/condenser Iris diaphragm/objective lens Sorry, the correct answer is... Which TWO are used to control the amount of light passing through the lenses ? Ocular lens/objective lens Ocular lens/condenser Iris diaphragm/condenser Iris diaphragm/objective lens Concept check 3 Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review

41. Terms You have completed the microscope challenge. Intro Setup Illumination Focusing Review Click a TAB at the right to move to another section of the course or press the ESC key to quit. RESOURCES: Photographs and other images Nancy J. Konopka References Grieneisen, D. Biology 111: Introduction to Human Biology. Pearson Learning Solutions. 2011. Goodenough, J., McGuire, B. Biology of Humans. Benjamin Cummings. 2012. This course is dedicated to all students of science who can approach new experiences with a critical eye and a sense of curiosity and wonder. Prepared by Nancy J. Konopka, 2013