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1 Review 4-1 Past participlePast participle 4-2 Forms of the present perfectForms of the present perfect 4-3 Meanings of the present perfectMeanings of the present perfect 4-4 Simple past vs. present perfectSimple past vs. present perfect 4-5 Using since and forUsing since and for CONTENTS
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2 Jenna _____ her dog. His name __ Max. Jenna’s grandfather ____ Max to her. Her grandfather _____ him at an animal shelter. Jenna _____ very good care her dog. He __ a great dog. loves be Review and Preview PRESENT AND PAST VERBS love give findtake gave found takes is be
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3 4-1 PAST PARTICIPLE She has forgotten his name.
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4 4-1 PAST PARTICIPLE REGULAR VERBS IRREGULAR VERBS SIMPLE FORM SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE finish stop wait see make put finished stopped waited saw made put finished stopped waited seen made put past perfect tense present perfect tense
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5 4-1 LET’S PRACTICE SIMPLE FORM SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE stop go take write stopped went took wrote stopped gone taken written
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6 4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT He has finished all his work.
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7 4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT (a) I have worked very hard this year. (b) The students have worked hard. (c) Alex has worked very hard. STATEMENT: have/has + past participle
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8 4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT (d) I’ve/You’ve/We’ve/They’ve gone home. (e) She’s/He’s gone home. (f) It’s been hot all week. CONTRACTION : pronoun + have = ’ve pronoun + has =k’s
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9 NEGATIVE: have/has + not + past participle 4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT (g) I have not gone home yet. (h) Fatima has not gone home.
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10 NEGATIVE: have/has + not + past participle NEGATIVE CONTRACTION: have + not = haven’t has + not = hasn’t 4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT (g) I haven’t gone home yet. (h) Fatima hasn’t gone home.
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11 4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT (i) Have you read the report?
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12 4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT (j) Has Marcy gone home? (k) How long have you worked there? QUESTION : have/has + subject + past participle
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13 4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT (l) SHORT ANSWER: have/haven’t Have you read all of this article? No, I haven’t. I have only read a few pages.
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14 4-2 FORMS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT (m) SHORT ANSWER: has/hasn’t Yes, she has. She did it after school. Has Kyung finished her homework?
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15 ___________________ a snake? 4-2 LET’S PRACTICE PRESENT PERFECT Have you ever touched you touch ever
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16 ________________ 4-2 LET’S PRACTICE PRESENT PERFECT I’ve never touched touch never No, a snake.
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17 _________________ a shark? 4-2 LET’S PRACTICE PRESENT PERFECT Has Justin ever seen Justin see ever
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18 Yes, he ___. He saw one near Cape Town, 4-2 LET’S PRACTICE PRESENT PERFECT has South Africa.
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19 4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT Tyler has taken his first steps. Zoe hasn’t walked by herself yet.
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20 4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT MEANING #1: SOMETHING HAPPENED BEFORE NOW AT AN UNSPECIFIED TIME PRESENT PERFECT
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21 4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT (a) Tyler has already taken his first steps. (b) Zoe hasn’t walked by herself yet. (c) Have you ever seen Zoe crawl? occurred before now or sometime in the past MEANING #1
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22 4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT (a) Tyler has already taken his first steps. (b) Zoe hasn’t walked by herself yet. (c) Have you ever seen Zoe crawl? now t i m e ? X before now X MEANING #1
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23 4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT (d) Mary has painted portraits many times. (e) Her students have painted portraits twice. activity repeated before now, unspecified past times MEANING #1
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24 4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT (d) Mary has painted portraits many times. (e) Her students have painted portraits twice. now X before now XXX MEANING #1
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25 4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT MEANING #2: A SITUATION BEGAN IN THE PAST AND CONTINUES TO THE PRESENT.
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26 4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT (f) We’ve been working since 8 o’clock. (g) I have played the violin for six years. I learned to play six years ago, and I still play it. present perfect + since for pastpresent MEANING #2
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27 4-3 MEANINGS OF THE PRESENT PERFECT MEANING #2: xx x 8:00 now (f) We’ve been working since 8 o’clock.
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28 4-3 LET’S PRACTICE MEANING #1: Something happened before now at an unspecified time. MEANING #2: A situation began in the past and continues to the present. Kyung has already taken the test. OR ?
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29 4-3 LET’S PRACTICE MEANING #1: Something happened before now at an unspecified time MEANING #2: A situation began in the past and continues to the present I’ve been studying since 8 AM. OR ?
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30 4-3 LET’S PRACTICE MEANING #1: Something happened before now at an unspecified time MEANING #2: A situation began in the past and continues to the present Rosa has been to Italy three times. OR ?
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31 4-4 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT I had an angel fish when I was a child. I have had many other fish since then.
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32 4-4 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE PAST (a) They completed the game at 4:00. PRESENT PERFECT (b) They have already completed the game. specific time unspecified time
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33 4-4 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE PAST (c) I was in Nigeria when I was five years old. PRESENT PERFECT (d) I have been in Nigeria three times. specific time unspecified time
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34 4-4 SIMPLE PAST vs. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE PAST (e) Jack camped in France for 9 days. PRESENT PERFECT (f) Eli has been camping for 9 days. (f) Eli has been camping since last Monday. for activity began & ended in past for / since activity began & continues
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35 4-4 LET’S PRACTICE SPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED TIME ? We have been in Tokyo many times. OR UNSPECIFIED PRESENT PERFECT
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36 4-4 LET’S PRACTICE SPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED TIME ? Barry has never been to Tokyo. OR UNSPECIFIED PRESENT PERFECT
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37 4-4 LET’S PRACTICE SPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED TIME ? Gina went to Tokyo last month. OR SPECIFIEDSIMPLE PAST
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38 4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR I have been here since 6:00 AM.
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39 4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR (a) I have worked here since noon. since Wednesday. since April. since 2006. since May 9, 2007. since yesterday. since last week. Since Specific point in time
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40 4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR (b) CORRECT: I have studied English since 2007. CORRECT: I have used a computer since 2007. (c) INCORRECT: I am studying English since 2007. present perfect + since present progressive NOT used
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41 4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR (b) CORRECT: I have studied English since 2007. CORRECT: I have used a computer since 2007. (d) INCORRECT: I study English since 2007. present perfect + since simple present NOT used
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42 4-5 USING SINCE AND FOR (b) CORRECT: I have studied English since 2007. CORRECT: I have used a computer since 2007. (e) INCORRECT: I studied English since 2007. present perfect + since simple past NOT used INCORRECT: I was study English since 2007.
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