1. Nelson Mandela

2. Nelson Mandela was born July 18, 1918 in South Africa.
He was one of 13
children.
His father died when he was nine years old.

3. Mandela is the first in his family to go to school.
While in school, he meets
Oliver Tambo And Walter Sisulu.

4. Walter Sisulu loans Nelson Mandela money to go to Law School

5. In 1944 Mandela, Sisulu, and Tambo work together to help create the ANC Youth League.
Mandela did not achieve greatness alone; he was influenced and supported by many people who worked alongside him during the struggle. His achievements would not have been possible without the influence and support of his comrades in the struggle for Freedom.

6. A.N.C. African National Congress
South African Black political party who organized:
Boycotts
Strikes
Marches
Occasional Violence

7. In 1948,The Afrikaner Nationalist Party begins “Apartheid”.
Races have separate living areas, toilets, parks, beaches,
and schools.
Only whites have political power.

8. Apartheid
Apartheid means apartness, and it was the official policy of racial segregation practiced in South Africa.

9.
Mandela meets social worker Winnie Madikizela and he divorces his first wife and marries Winnie in 1958.
Mandela is first arrested in and he is forced to work secretly “underground”
In 1956 Mandela, Tambo, Sisulu, & 153 others are arrested and charged with treason. All are released due to “No Violence” on their part.

10. Apartheid
Non-whites were extremely mistreated: -Limited where they could live and travel. -They could only hold certain jobs. -Some weren’t allowed to attend school. -Mistreated by the government.

11. The Effects of Apartheid
The effects of apartheid linger in today’s South Africa. Whites have better jobs, more money, and a much better standard of living. Many blacks still live in very poor, segregated areas far from cities. Poverty and unemployment remain high for the blacks.

12. 1960 The ANC and Mandela go underground
International protests begin
Government introduces
new harsher laws
enforced by the military.
Mandela is forced to hide
from the government.

13. ANC decides to use violence
Under Mandela’s
leadership, the
ANC launches a
campaign of
sabotage
against the
government.

14. 1962 Mandela is arrested Mandela leaves the country
to attend a freedom
conference in Algeria
where he receives military
training and weapons.
When Mandela returns, he is arrested for leaving the country illegally and is sentenced to 5 years in prison.

15. 1964 Rivonia Trial
While in jail, police raid an ANC house and find weapons.
Mandela, Sisulu,
and others stand
trial for
sabotage against
the government.

16. June 11, 1964 Sentenced to life imprisonment
“During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people. I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.” Nelson Mandela

17. Prisoner 46664 Nelson Mandela was the 466th prisoner in 1964.

18. They are incarcerated at Robben Island Prison

19. Mandela is allowed only
one visit from his wife
Winnie every six months.
He is not allowed to see
his daughters for 10 years.
While in prison, he consistently refuses to renounce his political beliefs in exchange for freedom. He becomes a focus of world attention and a symbol for South Africa’s struggle

20. 1973 The UN declares apartheid “A Crime Against Humanity.”

21. 1982 Mandela and Sisulu are transferred to Pollsmoor Prison

22. 1985-1986 Economic Sanctions are placed against South Africa.
US companies pull out of South Africa.
companies leave
companies leave.
Inflation rises, standards
of living drop, and the
violence escalates.

23. In 1986 “Secret talks” begin between Mandela and members of the government.

24. 1988 Mandela is diagnosed with tuberculosis and is moved to Victor Verster Prison

25. 1989 Mandela meets with President P.W. Botha
President Botha doesn’t really want to listen to Mandela’s ideas.
President Botha is
not really interested
in peace and the
government
forces his to resign

26. F.W. DeKlerk
After Botha resigned in 1989, F.W. DeKlerk took over as President and met with Mandela to discuss his release and steps to end apartheid.

27. Sunday, February 11, 1990 Nelson Mandela is released.

28. Nelson Mandela was called “Madiba”

29. Nelson and Winnie walk out of prison.

30. Oliver Tambo had a stroke and died on April 24, 1993
Oliver Tambo had a stroke and died on April 24, He did not live to see Mandela elected President.

31. October 16, 1993 Mandela and DeKlerk awarded Nobel Peace Prize
The world's most famous former prisoner and his ex-jailer - African National Congress President Nelson Mandela and South African President Frederik W. de Klerk - were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize today for their efforts to dismantle the country's apartheid system of racial separation.

32. April 26-30, 1994 South Africa’s 1st truly multiracial
democratic elections
are held.

33. 20% voted for the National Party.
91% of the people voted.
63% voted for the ANC
20% voted for the National Party.

34. May 9, 1994 Nelson Mandela is elected unanimously as President of South Africa.
Nelson Mandela was
inaugurated as the first
president of the democratic
South Africa on May 10, 1994.
He was so light-hearted,
so jubilant,
he even danced on stage.

35. March 19, 1996 Winnie & Nelson Mandela divorce.
Winnie is connected to eight murders, among 10 other crimes, which supposedly occurred during the late 1980’s. In each murder case, someone else was originally blamed, but suspicions that Winnie was involved have brought up new questions and trials against her. Among the most significant accusations are the charges that she ordered the kidnapping and murder of Stompie Moeketsi.

36. July 18, 1998 On his 80th birthday, Nelson Mandela married Graca Machel

37. He continued to be active in global affairs until 2004.
Mandela Retires in 1999
Mandela completed his five-year term as South Africa's President before handing over to Vice-President
Thabo Mbeki.
He continued to be active in global affairs until 2004.

38. Walter Sisulu dies May 6, 2003 He was 90. Walter Sisulu,
the quiet giant of South Africa's
anti-apartheid struggle for five decades, has died after a
long illness.
He was 90.

39. February 18, 2008 Nelson Mandela Celebrates his 90th Birthday!

40. Today, Nelson Mandela leads the fight to end poverty and AIDS in Africa. He recently celebrated his 90th birthday and he now lives happily ever after in a free South Africa.